In-depth introduction to the comprehensive performance of Ethernet Switches

With the development of the exchange industry in China, we have also promoted the update and upgrade of the Ethernet switch technology. Here we mainly analyze the comprehensive performance of the Ethernet switch. Rack-mounted switch, fixed configuration with/without expansion slot) rack-mounted switch is a slot type switch, which has good scalability and supports different network types, such as Ethernet, fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, ATM, licensing ring, and FDDI, but the price is relatively high.

A fixed-configuration vswitch with expansion slot is a type of switch with a fixed number of ports and a small number of expansion slots. This type of Ethernet switch can support other types of networks on the basis of a fixed-port network, the price is centered. Fixed configuration Ethernet switches with no expansion slot support only one type of network, but the price is the cheapest.

Configuration:

Rack slots-the maximum number of modules that a rack-mounted switch can insert.

Number of expansion slots-refers to the maximum number of modules that can be inserted by fixed configuration switches with expansion slots.

The maximum number of switches that can be stacked in a stack unit. This parameter specifies the maximum port density available in a stack unit.

The minimum/maximum number of 10 M Ethernet ports is the minimum/maximum number of 10 M Ethernet ports supported by an Ethernet switch.

The minimum/maximum number of M Ethernet ports is the minimum/maximum number of M Ethernet ports supported by a switch.

The minimum/maximum number of M Ethernet ports refers to the minimum/maximum number of M Ethernet ports that a switch can connect.

Supported network types:

Generally, fixed configuration switches with no expansion slot support only one type of network. Rack-mounted switches and fixed configuration switches with expansion slots support more than one type of network, for example, Ethernet, fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, ATM, licensing ring, and FDDI are supported. The more network types an Ethernet switch supports, the higher the availability and scalability.

Maximum number of ATM ports-ATM is the asynchronous transmission mode. The maximum number of ATM ports is the maximum number of ATM ports supported by an ATM switch or a multi-service multi-function switch.

Maximum number of SONET ports-SONET is the abbreviation of Synchronous Optical Network. It is a high-speed synchronization Network specification with a maximum speed of 2.5 Gbps. The maximum number of SONET ports of a vswitch is the maximum number of downstream SONET interfaces of the vswitch.

Maximum number of FDDI ports-the maximum number of FDDI ports supported by an FDDI switch or a multi-service multi-functional Ethernet switch.

Backplane throughput bps)-also known as backplane bandwidth, is the maximum amount of data that can be transferred between the Ethernet switch interface processor, interface card, and data bus. The higher the bandwidth of the backboard of an Ethernet switch, the stronger the ability to process data, but the design cost will also rise.

Buffer size-sometimes called the packet buffer size, is a queue structure that is used by Ethernet switches to coordinate speed matching between different network devices. Burst data can be stored in the buffer until it is processed by a slow device. The buffer size should be moderate. A large buffer space will affect the forwarding speed of data packets in normal communication, because a large buffer space requires a little more addressing time) and increase the device cost. A small buffer space is prone to packet loss errors when congestion occurs. Therefore, adding an advanced buffer scheduling algorithm to an appropriate buffer space is a reasonable way to solve the buffer problem. Pay attention to the following points for the network trunk device:

Whether each port has an independent buffer space, and the working status of the buffer space does not affect the buffering status of other ports; whether the module or port has an independent input buffer and an independent output buffer, or input/output buffering; whether there are a series of buffer management scheduling algorithms, such as RED, WRED, RR/FQ, and WERR/WEFQ.

Max MAC address table size-each port or device connected to the LAN needs a MAC address, which is used by other devices to locate a specific port and update the route table and data structure. The MAC address is 6 bytes long and is allocated by IEEE. It is also called a physical address. The MAC address table size of a device indicates the maximum number of nodes that can be connected to the device.

Maximum number of power supplies-generally, the core equipment provides redundant power supplies. After a power supply fails, other power supplies can continue to provide power, without affecting the normal operation of the equipment. When multiple power supplies are connected, pay attention to the use of multiple mains supply. In this way, when one line fails, other lines can still provide power.

Support protocols and standards-generally refer to the networking specifications and equipment standards formulated by the International Organization for Standardization. You can classify the network models at Layer 1st, layer 2nd, and layer 3rd as follows:

Layer 1: EIA/TIA-232, EIA/TIA-449, X.21, EIA530/EIA530A interface definition.

Layer 3: 802.1d/SPT, 802.1Q, 802.1p, and 802.3x.

Layer 3: IP, IPX, RIP1/2, OSPF, BGP4, VRRP, and multicast protocol.

The routing information protocol (RIP-RIP) is a distance vector protocol that uses the number of hops as the Metering Standard. RIP is widely used in the routing selection of global interconnection networks. It is an internal gateway protocol provided by the UNIX Berkeley standard distribution system. Ip rip is defined in RFC 1058 and RFC 1723. RIP2-is the latest enhanced version of RIP. It allows RIP packets to contain more information and provides a simple authentication mechanism. It is described in RFC 1723.

Open Shortest Path First version 2nd (OSPFv2)-it is the second version of OSPF. OSPF is a connection status routing protocol, which is an IETF of an interconnected network engineering task group. The internal gateway protocol workgroup is designed for IP addresses, it is the next link State hierarchical routing algorithm of RIP in the Internet communication body. OSPF features include least-cost routing, multi-path, and load balancing. OSPF was developed from an earlier version of the IS-IS protocol and has two main features: first, the Protocol IS open, for example, RFC 1247 has OSPF rules. Second, OSPF is built on the SPF algorithm. SPF is also called DIJKSTRA algorithm. It is named after the founder of this algorithm. The Border Gateway Protocol BGP--BGP is used to replace the EGPExterior Gateway Protocol) Inter-Domain Routing Protocol. The accessibility of information exchange between BGP and other BGP systems is defined by RFC 1163. BGP4 is the fourth version of BGP. It supports CIDR and uses the Routing aggregation mechanism to reduce the size of the route table.

The classless Inter-Domain Routing CIDR--CIDR is a routing clustering technology supported by BGP4. CIDR allows multiple routers to form a route group to reduce the routing information of the core router load. Based on CIDR, several IP networks can be separated from groups as independent and large entities.

Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP--IGMP is short for Internet Group Management Protocol. An IP host is used to report its members to an adjacent multi-view router. A multi-view router sends an IGMP query packet to the connected local network. A host Member of a multi-object group sends an IGMP Report of the multi-object group to respond to a request. The MnS router is responsible for forwarding the MNS from one MnS group to all other networks with members in this group. Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol DVMRP--DVMRP is the gateway protocol of the interconnected network, basically based on RIP, can realize the typical Detection Mode of IP multi-object mechanism. DVMRP uses IGMP to exchange route data with neighboring points.