In the process of making a thematic map, not only should there be geographical elements to represent the spatial location, but often also to make some tabular data around the graph. Here is a summary of the insertion method in ArcMap.
Method One: Insert an Object
Use Insert-object in the menu to add almost any type of data to the map. Official Help Notes
You can also edit the data by using the application that the data belongs to.
Method Two: The property sheet is added to the layout
When you create a layout, you can display its property sheet to help you describe the features that are displayed on the map. The way to do this is to select Add table to Layout view in the options in the property sheet, and the problem is that the inserted result is a picture that can only be resized, and other adjustments need to be set before adding. Official Help Notes
Method Three: ESRI producting Mapping
Insert the table using the ESRI producting Mapping Extension (required to install the appropriate components), and after installation, the graphic TABLE element option will be used in the Insert menu, refer to the link
Follow the wizard step-by-step to set the table properties, or you can adjust the other properties after inserting.
The following is a simple example that is quite powerful, for example, it can dynamically display only the feature attributes of the current extent.
Insert Table--arcmap in map