Install a fixed port switch in Depth

The task of a fixed port switch is to make all network resources in a good state. The NMP protocol is very simple, mainly through various types of messages, protocol data units exchange network information. The following describes several mainstream classification methods of switches one by one.

1. Fixed port switch

As the name implies, the fixed port is fixed. If it is port 8, it can only have eight ports and cannot be added. 16 ports can only have 16 ports and cannot be expanded. Currently, vswitches with fixed ports are common and there is no clear rule on the number of ports. Generally, port 8, port 16, and port 24 are standard ports.

But now the manufacturers have their own opinions. They think that the number of ports can be produced in the market. Currently, vswitch ports are relatively complex. The number of non-standard ports mainly includes four ports, five ports, 10 ports, 12 ports, 20 Ports, 22 ports, and 32 ports.

Although the fixed port switch is relatively cheaper, it can only provide limited ports and fixed interfaces. Therefore, regardless of the number of users that can be connected, it also has certain limitations in terms of available transmission media. However, this type of switch is widely used in working groups and is generally applicable to small networks and Desktop Exchange environments.

Because of its installation architecture, fixed port switches are divided into desktop switches and rack-mounted switches. Like hubs, rack-mounted switches are easier to manage and more suitable for large-scale networks. Their structures must comply with 19 inch international standards, it is used to install in a Cabinet together with other switching devices, routers, servers, and so on.

Table-based switches can only provide a small number of ports and cannot be installed in the cabinet. Therefore, they are usually used only for small networks as a table-based fixed port switch and rack-mounted fixed port switch. Modular switches are much more expensive.

However, with greater flexibility and scalability, users can choose a number of modules with different speeds and different interface types to meet ever-changing network needs. In addition, most chassis switches have strong fault tolerance capabilities, support redundant backup of switch modules, and often have hot swappable dual power supply to ensure the power supply of switches.

When selecting a vswitch, you should select the chassis or fixed mode based on the needs and funding considerations. Generally, enterprise-level switches should consider their scalability, compatibility, and troubleshooting. Therefore, chassis switches should be selected, while backbone switches and working group switches should have a single task, therefore, a simple and clear fixed switch can be used. 15 is a modular, Fast Ethernet switch with four pluggable modules, which can be flexibly configured as needed.

We know that all network devices work at a certain level of the OSI/RM open model. The higher the working level, the higher the technology of the devices, the better the performance, and the higher the grade. The same is true for vswitches. With the development of exchange technology.

The switch has evolved from the Layer 2 that originally worked in OSI/RM to the switch that can now work in the fourth place, therefore, the protocol layer switches can be divided into Layer 2 switches, Layer 3 switches, and Layer 4 switches, the third layer is also defined by the network layer, which corresponds to the OSI/RM open system model. That is to say, this type of switch can work at the network layer, which is more advanced than the second layer switch, enhanced functions.

Because the layer-3 Switch works at the network layer of the OSI/RM model, it has the routing function. It provides IP address information to the network path selection and implements line rate exchange of data between different network segments. When the network size is large, it can be divided into small independent VLAN network segments according to special application requirements to reduce the impact of broadcast. Generally, these switches adopt a modular structure to meet the needs of flexible configuration. In large and medium-sized networks, layer-3 switches have become basic configuration devices.

The layer-4 switch is a switch product developed using the layer-4 switch technology. Of course, it works on the layer-4 of the OSI/RM model, that is, the transport layer, directly facing specific applications. The layer-4 switch supports various protocols, such as HTTP, FTP, Telnet, and SSL.

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Set up virtual IP addresses (VIP) for each server group for search in layer-4 Switching. Each group of servers supports an application. In the Domain Name Server DNS), the address of each application server stored is VIP, rather than the actual server address.

When a user applies for an application, a VIP connection request with the target server group, such as a TCPSYN packet, is sent to the server switch. The server switch selects the best server in the group, replaces the VIP in the terminal address with the actual Server IP address, and sends the connection request to the server. In this way, all packets in the same range are mapped by the server switch and transmitted between the user and the same server.