Install Oracle 11g in CentOS 6.5

Install Oracle 11g in CentOS 6.5

I recently started to learn how to use CentOS and make some records.

References: Install Oracle 11g in Cent OS 6_5 (x86_64)

I. Hardware requirements

1. Memory & swap

Minimum: 1 GB of RAM
Recommended: 2 GB of RAM or more

Check memory

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1. # GrepMemTotal/proc/meminfo
3. # GrepSwapTotal/proc/meminfo

2. Hard Disk

Since CentOS is installed almost 4 ~ 5 GB, plus Oracle and so on, so please prepare at least 10 Gb hard disk space.

Check disk status

# Df-h

Ii. Software

System Platform: CentOS6.5 (x86_64)

(I have installed the DeskTop version here. To install the lite version, you must use a separate yum desktop program)

Oracle version: Oracle11g

Bytes

Iii. System Installation notes

During system installation, you must install the desktop mode. Otherwise, oracle cannot be installed. In addition, do not enable SELinux. oracle does not recommend SELinux. Please disable the firewall temporarily to reduce installation troubles. To prevent garbled characters during Oracle Installation, we recommend that you use English as the system language to install Oracle.

The system commands described in this article are marked as "#", which indicates the root permission, and "$" indicates the oracle permission.

4. system preparation before Oracle Installation

First, log in with the root account for some pre-set jobs.

1. Disable and firewall (SELinux temporary close command: setenforce 0 firewall temporary close command: serviceiptablesstop)

2. Install the dependency package

Copy the following RPM package to the/opt directory and run the following command to run the opt directory.

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1. # Rpm-ivhlibstdc ++ devel-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
3. # Rpm-ivhmpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm
5. # Rpm-ivhcpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
7. # Rpm-ivhppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
9. # Rpm-ivhcloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
11. # Rpm-ivhgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
13. # Rpm-ivhgcc-c ++-4.4.7-4. el6.x86 _ 64.rpm
15. # Rpm-ivhcompat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm
17. # Rpm-ivhcompat-libstdc ++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm
19. # Rpm-ivhlibaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm
21. # Rpm-ivhpdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
23. # Rpm-ivhelfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

3. Create users and groups

(1) create groups oinstall and dba

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1. # Groupaddoinstall
2. # Groupadddba

(2) Add the user oracle and add it to the dba group.

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1. # Useradd-m-goinstall-Gdbaoracle

(4) test whether the oracle account has been created

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1. # Idoracle

(5) Create a New oracle Password

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1. # Passwdoracle

4. Add oracle users to The sudo Group

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1. # Vi/etc/sudoers

Find
RootALL = (ALL) ALL
This line, and add it below

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1. OracleALL = (ALL) ALL

Enter wq! (Because this is a read-only document, you need to add it !) And press Enter

5. Configure System Kernel Parameters

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1. # Vi/etc/sysctl. conf

Modify and add the following content:

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1. Fs. aio-max-nr = 1048576
3. Fs. file-max = 6815744
5. # Kernel. shmall = 2097152
7. # Official document kernel. shmmax = 536870912. In actual software, kernel. shmmax = 980742144
9. # Kernel. shmmax = 980742144
11. Kernel. shmmni = 4096
13. Kernel. sem = 25032000100128
15. Net. ipv4.ip _ local_port_range = 900065500
17. Net. core. rmem_default = 262144
19. Net. core. rmem_max = 4194304
21. Net. core. wmem_default = 262144
23. Net. core. wmem_max = 1048586
25. Vm. hugetlb_shm_group = 501
27. # Oracle user group dbaid is 501 to completely resolve ORA-27125 errors.
29. # Idoracle

We can see thatOracleGroupDbaidIs501

If there are some parameters that are repeated with the current ones, modify them to the ones provided on the file.

After editing, save and execute:

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1. # Sysctl-p

Enable the change.

6. edit/etc/security/limits. conf.

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1. # Vi/etc/security/limits. conf

Add the following four lines

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1. Oraclesoftnproc2047
2. Oraclehardnproc16384
3. Oraclesoftnofile1024
4. Oraclehardnofile65536

7. edit/etc/pam. d/login.

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1. # Vi/etc/pam. d/login

Add the following two lines

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1. Sessionrequired/lib64/security/pam_limits.so
2. Sessionrequiredpam_limits.so

8. Modify/etc/profile

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1. # Vi/etc/profile

Add the following code to the profile file.

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1. If [$ USER = "oracle"]; then
2. If [$ SHELL = "/bin/ksh"]; then
3. Ulimit-p16384
4. Ulimit-n65536
5. Else
6. Ulimit-u16384-n65536
7. Fi
8. Fi

10. Create an Oracle installation folder and a data storage folder

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1. # Mkdir/opt/oracle
2. # Mkdir/opt/oracle/112
3. # Mkdir/opt/oraInventory
4. # Chown-Roracle: dba/opt/oracle
5. # Chown-Roracle: dba/opt/oraInventory
6. # Chown-Roracle: dba/opt

11. configure a Linux host

Check whether the localhost record (pointing to 127.0.0.1) exists in the/etc/hosts file. If it does not exist, some problems may occur when configuring the Oracle listener later, resulting in failure to start the listener, manually add this record here.

Add the following configurationIPAddress and host name ing

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1. 192.168.1.101CentOS-Oracle

(192.168.1.101 is the IP address of the machine to be installed. CentOS-Oracle is the host name of the machine to be installed. Please fill in according to your situation)

After completing these settings, log out of the root account and log on to the system again with the oracle account.

12. Configure oracle user environment variables

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1. # Suoracle
3. $ Cd/home/oracle
4. $ Vi. bash_profile

Modify and add the following content

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1. ORACLE_BASE =/opt/oracle # The Oracle installation folder created above
2. ORACLE_HOME = $ ORACLE_BASE/112
3. ORACLE_SID = orcl
4. LD_LIBRARY_PATH = $ ORACLE_HOME/lib
5. PATH = $ PATH: $ ORACLE_HOME/bin: $ HOME/bin
7. ExportORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SIDLD_LIBRARY_PATHPATH
9. # PATH = $ PATH: $ HOME/bin
11. # ExportPATH

Save and run the following command to make the settings take effect:

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1. $ Source/home/oracle/. bash_profile

5. install and configure Oracle

1. decompress the Installation File

Release to the/opt/oracle folder where oracle is to be installed

Return to Terminal Mode and enter the oracle Folder:

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1. $ Cd/opt/oracle

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1. $Unzipp13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
2. $Unzipp13390677_112040_linux-x86-64204 f7.zip

Next we will see a series of decompression actions.

After decompression, you will see the database folder in the same folder. Please enter the database Folder:

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1. $ Cddatabase

Prepare to install the database. If your operating system is in a Chinese environment, Chinese characters may be garbled during installation. Use the following command

$ Export LANG = en_US.UTF-8

It must not be missing.UTF-8Otherwise, the following error is prompted:

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1. [Oracle @ databasedatabase] $ exportLANG = en_US
2. [Oracle @ databasedatabase] $./runInstaller
3. ERROR: Unabletoconvertfrom "UTF-8" to "ISO-8859-1" forNLS!
4. Redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1orasianux-2
5. /Tmp/OraInstall2013-09-06_09-17-04AM. [oracle @ databasedatabase] $

Run the command (switch to oracle to log on to the desktop and then execute the command)

$./RunInstaller

(The following problems are basically caused by remote tool installation)

If you cannot see the installation interface, run the following command in the root account before running the installation program:

# Export DISPLAY =: 0.0

# Xhost +

Switch back to ORACLE user

$./RunInstaller

Start to execute the installation program.

The InstallSummary screen is displayed. You only need to press the Install button to start installation.

Select advanced installation to specify the character set ZH16GBK.

2. Installation Process (omitted)

3. After installation, log on to the EM console.

Address: https: // db: 1158/em

Use SYS and SYSTEM to log on and verify that the installation is successful.

Vi. References

6.1 set Oracle service to start automatically

1. Modify the Oracle system configuration file:/etc/oratab. Only in this way can dbstart and dbshut of Oracle be used.

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1. # Vi/etc/oratab
3. Orcl:/opt/oracle/102: Y
4. # Entriesareoftheform:
5. # $ ORACLE_SID: $ ORACLE_HOME: <N | Y>:

2. Create the file oracle under/etc/init. d/. The content is as follows:

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1. # Vi/etc/init. d/oracle

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1. #! /Bin/bash
2. # Chkconfig: 358010
3. # Description: Oracleautostart-stopscript.
5. #
6. # SetORA_HOMEtobeequivalenttothe $ ORACLE_HOME
7. # Fromwhichyouwishtoexecutedbstartanddbshut;
8. #
9. # SetORA_OWNERtotheuseridoftheownerofthe
10. # OracledatabaseinORA_HOME.
11. ORA_HOME =/opt/oracle/1 <spanstyle = "font-family: ;"> 1 </span> 2
12. ORA_OWNER = oracle
13. If [! -F $ ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart]
14. Then
15. Echo "Oraclestartup: cannotstart"
16. Exit
17. Fi
18. Case "$1" in
19. 'Start ')
20. # StarttheListener:
21. Echo "startingeffeclelisteners ..."
22. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
23. Date + "% T % a % D: starting1_lelistenersaspartofsystemup.">/var/log/oracle
24. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
25. Su-$ ORA_OWNER-c "$ ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctlstart">/var/log/oracle
26. Echo "Done ."
27. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
28. Date + "% T % a % D: Finished.">/var/log/oracle
29. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
30. Touch/var/lock/subsys/oracle
32. # StarttheOracledatabases:
33. Echo "StartingOracleDatabases ..."
34. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
35. Date + "% T % a % D: StartingOracleDatabasesaspartofsystemup.">/var/log/oracle
36. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
37. Su-$ ORA_OWNER-c "$ ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart">/var/log/oracle
38. Echo "Done"
40. # Startthedbconsole:
41. Echo "StartingOracledbconsole ..."
42. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
43. Date + "% T % a % D: StartingOracledbconsoleaspartofsystemup.">/var/log/oracle
44. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
45. Su-$ ORA_OWNER-c "$ ORA_HOME/bin/emctlstartdbconsole">/var/log/oracle
46. Echo "Done ."
47. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
48. Date + "% T % a % D: Finished.">/var/log/oracle
49. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
50. Touch/var/lock/subsys/oracle
51. ;;
53. 'Stop ')
54. # StoptheOracledbconsole:
55. Echo "StopingOracledbconsole ..."
56. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
57. Date + "% T % a % D: StopingOracledbconsoleaspartofsystemdown.">/var/log/oracle
58. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
59. Su-$ ORA_OWNER-c "$ ORA_HOME/bin/emctlstopdbconsole">/var/log/oracle
60. Echo "Done ."
62. # StoptheOracleDatabase:
63. Echo "StopingOracleDatabases ..."
64. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
65. Date + "% T % a % D: StopingOracleDatabasesaspartofsystemdown.">/var/log/oracle
66. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
67. Su-$ ORA_OWNER-c "$ ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut">/var/log/oracle
68. Echo "Done ."
69. Echo ""
70. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
71. Date + "% T % a % D: Finished.">/var/log/oracle
72. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
74. # Stopthepoliclelistener:
75. Echo "stopingeffeclelisteners ..."
76. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
77. Date + "% T % a % D: stoping1_lelisteneraspartofsystemdown.">/var/log/oracle
78. Echo "-----------------------------------------------">/var/log/oracle
79. Su-$ ORA_OWNER-c "$ ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctlstop">/var/log/oracle
80. Echo "Done ."
81. Rm-f/var/lock/subsys/oracle
82. ;;
84. 'Restart ')
85. $0 stop
86. $0 start
87. ;;
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3. Change File Permissions

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1. # Chmod755/etc/init. d/oracle

4. Add a service

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1. # Chkconfig -- level35oracleon

5. You need to stop the database before shutting down or restarting the machine.

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1. # Ln-s/etc/init. d/oracle/etc/rc0.d/K01oracle // Shutdown
2. # Ln-s/etc/init. d/oracle/etc/rc6.d/K01oracle // restart

6. Usage

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1. # Serviceoraclestart // start oracle
2. # Serviceoraclestop // close oracle
3. # Service‑lerestart // restart oracle

7. Test

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1. A. Auto Start
2. B. serviceoraclestop
3. C. serviceoraclestart
4. D. service‑lerestart

Now, the script for starting and stopping the Oracle service and the auto-starting setting for starting the Oracle service are complete.