This article describes how to use the hardware connection of the router.
A vro is a type of high-end network access device used for interconnection between networks. Because the vro can connect to a variety of networks, there are many interface types. Therefore, before introducing the router connection method, we need to understand some basic interfaces of the router.
I. router interface
A vro has powerful network connection and routing functions. It can be physically connected to a variety of different networks, which makes the router interface technology very complex, the more upscale the router, the more interface types it has. A router can be connected to different LAN segments or to different wide-area networks. Therefore, the router interface types can be divided into LAN interface and WAN interface. In addition, because the router itself does not contain input and terminal display devices, but it must be configured before it can be used normally, the general router has a control port "Console ", it is used to connect to a computer or terminal device and configure a router through specific software. Next, let's take a look at the router's LAN and WAN connection ports.
1. LAN interface
According to the interface name, we can see that these interfaces are mainly used to connect routers and LAN, because the LAN type is also diverse, therefore, the LAN interface type of the router may be diverse. Different networks have different interface types. Common Ethernet interfaces include AUI, BNC and RJ-45 interfaces, as well as FDDI, ATM and optical fiber interfaces, the following describes the main LAN interfaces.
1) AUI Port
The AUI port is an interface used to connect to a coarse coaxial cable. It is a "D" Type 15-pin interface, this is one of the most common ports in the ring or bus network. The router can be connected to the 10Base-5 network through the coarse coaxial cable transceiver, but it is more connected to the 10Base-T Ethernet by means of the external transceiver AUI-to-RJ-45. Of course, you can also use other types of transceiver to connect to the 10 base-2 or 10 base-f sub-coaxial cable. The router AUI interface mentioned here is primarily used for connection using a coarse coaxial cable as the transmission medium network, as shown in AUI interface 1.
Figure 1
2) RJ-45 Port
RJ-45 port is our most common port, it is our common twisted pair Ethernet port, because in the Fast Ethernet also mainly uses twisted pair as the transmission medium, therefore, according to the port communication rate of different RJ-45 port can be divided into 10Base-T network RJ-45 port and 100Base-TX network RJ-45 port two types. The RJ-45 port of the 10Base-T network is usually identified as "ETH" in the router, while the RJ-45 port of the 100Base-TX network is usually identified as "10/100 bTX ", this is because most Ethernet router products are now quickly adaptive to 10 Mbps/Mbps bandwidth. 2 The 10Base-T network RJ-45 port is shown on the left, and the 10/100 Base-TX network RJ-45 port is shown on the right. In fact, the two kinds of RJ-45 port is completely the same as the port itself, but the corresponding network circuit structure in the port is different, so it cannot be casually connected.
Figure 2
3) SC Port
The SC port is also known as an optical fiber port. It is used to connect to the optical fiber. Generally, this optical fiber port is unlikely to be directly connected to the workstation using optical fiber, generally, a vswitch with a fiber port is connected to a fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet through an optical fiber. These ports are generally available in high-end routers and are marked with "100b FX", as shown in 3.
Figure 3
2. WAN Interface
As mentioned above, vrouters can not only achieve the connection between LAN, but also the connection between LAN and WAN, and between Wan and wan. However, because the wide area network is large and the network environment is complex, the speed requirement of the port used by the router to connect to the wide area network is very high. In Ethernet, the speed requirement is generally above Mbps Fast Ethernet. The following describes several common Wan interfaces.
1) RJ-45 Port
The RJ-45 port can also be used to establish a connection between the VLAN between the Wan and the LAN, as well as to the remote network or the Internet. If you use a router to provide routes for different VLANs, you can directly connect to different VLAN ports using twisted pair wires. But please note that the RJ-45 port is connected to the network is generally not 10Base-T, but 100Mbps Fast Ethernet above. If you need to connect to a remote network through optical fiber, or connect to other types of ports, you need to use the transceiver to connect to each other. 4 is the Fast Ethernet port.
Figure 4
2) AUI Port
We have also discussed the AUI port in the LAN. It is a network interface used to connect to the coarse coaxial cable. In fact, the AUI port is also commonly used to connect to the WAN, however, this type of interface is rarely used in the WAN. On a Cisco 2600 series router, two WAN connection ports, AUI and RJ-45, are provided, allowing you to select the appropriate type as needed, as shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5
3) High-Speed Synchronous Serial Port
In the WAN connection of a router, the most widely used port must be "High-Speed Synchronous SERIAL Port" SERIAL). This port is mainly used to connect to DDN and Frame Relay, which are widely used currently), X.25, PSTN analog telephone line) and other network connection modes. Sometimes DDN or X.25 or other WAN connection technologies are used for leased line connection between enterprise networks. This type of synchronization port generally requires a very high speed, because in general, both ends of the network connected through this port require real-time synchronization. 6 shows the high-speed synchronous serial port.
Figure 6
4) asynchronous serial port
Asynchronous Serial Port ASYNC) is mainly used for Modem or Modem pool connections, used to achieve remote computers through the public telephone network dial into the network. Compared with the synchronization port described above, this asynchronous port requires much loose speed, because it does not require real-time synchronization between the two ends of the network, but only requires continuous speed. So what we see on the Internet is not necessarily the Real-Time content on the website, but this is not important, because after all, this latency is very small, it is important that the webpage can be properly downloaded while browsing the webpage. 7 shows the asynchronous serial port.
Figure 7
5) isdn bri Port
Because the connection speed of the Internet access method such as ISDN has its own unique side, at that time, when ISDN was just emerging, it had been fully applied to the Internet connection mode. The isdn bri port is used to connect an ISDN line to the Internet or other remote networks through a router, achieving a communication rate of kbps. ISDN has two kinds of rate connection ports, one is the basic rate interface of isdn bri), the other is the interface of isdn pri base group rate), isdn bri port is based on the RJ-45 standard, the connection to ISDN NT1 uses a RJ-45-to-RJ-45 express connect. Port 8 is the isdn bri port.
Figure 8
3. router configuration interface
There are actually two vro configuration ports, namely "Console" and "AUX". "Console" is usually used to perform basic vro configuration through a dedicated connection with a computer, "AUX" is used for vro remote configuration and connection.
1) Console Port
The Console port uses a dedicated connection to directly connect to the serial port of the computer, and uses the terminal simulation program, such as the "Super Terminal" under Windows) for local configuration of the router. The Console port on the router is mostly a RJ-45 port. 9 contains a Console Configuration Port.
Figure 9
2) AUX port
The AUX port is an asynchronous port. It is mainly used for remote configuration, dial-up, and MODEM connection. Supports Hardware Flow Control (Hardware Flow Control ). The AUX port and Console port are usually placed together because they apply different configuration environments. See Figure 9 above.
