Interpretation of Lao Tzu's classic Sayings

Lao Tzu's famous sayings are many, the most famous of which is Lao Zi's name, almost the Chinese place will be someone say "Lao Tzu how" "Lao Tzu How", this is a joke. "Lao Tzu" ("Moral Sutra") A Book of Wisdom is recognized, "Lao Tzu" book The famous aphorism is also well-known, "The Essence of the Moral sutra" is a simple dialectical method, advocating inaction, its doctrine on the development of Chinese philosophy has a profound impact.

Through the ages, the Book of "Moral Sutra" can be said to be voluminous, the authors of these books all think that others explain the "moral sutra" is biased. But so far, there are still scholars to publish books, re-interpretation. These facts repeatedly explain the "great Tao" of the "Moral Sutra". The following XI Kokodo sinology network selected some Lao Tzu classic famous sayings, and quoted the famous translation, mainly Chen Drum and fupeirong two Mr., and then made a little sense of the extension of the play. Since it is extended to play, it must not be confined to the original meaning of translation, but even this does not mean that we have no overall orientation. Our overall orientation is to analogy in the present people's experiences in search of some of the Shadows in which Lao Tzu's wisdom is still active or can be re-active. All things and do, all mortal beings, in fact, there are many not I extension of the people, I hope these Lao Tzu's famous words to help you deepen the understanding of the "moral Sutra". Read the full translation of Lao Tzu's Ethics by reference.

"Interpretation of Lao Tzu's classic Sayings"

1, "The world knows the beauty of the United States, Evil has been, all know that good is good, bad has been ." "(chapter II)

The meaning of this sentence is, "all the people of the world know how to be beautiful, so it is ugly, all know how to be good, so there is bad." (Fupeirong) This is to illustrate that some concepts are relatively generated. Lao Tzu often uses this angle to look at the problem, such as "road waste, there is righteousness." Chie out, there are big pseudo. Liuqin Discord, there is filial piety. The country dizzy, has loyal ". Some of the things that seem reasonable now are not very reasonable. It is clear that if we are trapped in such logic, no matter what argument we make, it seems futile. This time you need to be "beyond". Similar topics are often encountered in life situations.

2, " is to the sage after its body and body first, outside its body and the body exists." (The seventh chapter)

The meaning of this sentence is, "so the right people put themselves in the back, but can win love, put oneself outside the degree, but can save life." "(Chen Drum should) in modern society, we certainly do not have to advertise themselves, ask to be a saint, but this kind of relaxation attitude is worth learning." Sometimes the mud in a lost, it seems to be very pragmatic and real live, but actually let their lives lose elasticity. How can a life without elasticity last for a long time?

3, " water benefits all things without contention, where all the evil, so several in the Tao ." (The eighth chapter)

The literal meaning of this sentence is, "water is good at nourishing all things without competing with all things, stay in the place where everyone hates, so the closest to ' Tao '. "The evil of the people" is not to be understood as a matter of public disgust. This is a metaphor for water to illustrate the truth of modesty. Because the nature of the way is "high-suppressed, the next to take, the surplus of the damage, insufficient and the", so the people's evil does not mean that the damage, but the arrival of "possession". This is the truth of Lao Tzu.

4, " 30-spoke a hub, when it is not, there is a car." Yan Clay the device, when it is not, the use of the device. Chisel dig to think that the room, when its none, has room for use. Therefore, there is no thought of the benefit of the use. (The 11th chapter)

The meaning of this passage is, "the 30 spokes on the wheel are assembled into a hub, where the hub is hollow and the car is in place." A utensil is made of clay, and there is a place where the vessel is hollow. Digging doors and windows to build houses, with doors and windows Walls Hollow place, only the role of the house. So ' there ' gives people convenience, ' none ' plays its part. "(Chen Drum should) three a very image of the metaphor is a good illustration of the role of" nothing ". The part of "have" shape is easier to grasp, the "no" shape of that part is easily overlooked. But now perhaps people are too familiar with this parable of Lao Zi, so often go to the "no" shape to negate the "have" shape of the idea. You know, a bowl without that ceramic part, there is no concept of the bowl. Therefore, we use the phrase "need to use" to summarize these four sentences.

5, "Who can muddy to relatively calm Qing Xu?" Who can Mr. Xu to move ? (The 15th chapter)

Who can calm down in the turbid, and make it gradually clear? Who can live in peace and make it come alive? "(Fupeirong) as the saying goes," calm and natural cool ", with this has the same place. The authorities are apt to be fascinated, but it does not mean that they cannot be "clear". How to find the clue from the chaos, only calm and calm. It is difficult to speak easily and needs to be quiet.

6, " to the virtual pole, keep quiet Benedict." All things are done, and I have a view of the complex . (The 16th chapter)

The meaning of this sentence is, "to the virtual" and "Keep quiet" time, so that the situation is extremely benedict. All things thrive, I see the truth of the reciprocating cycle. "(Chen Drum) no matter how we advocate transcendence, back to practical problems, we always need more practical measures. ' to the virtual ' and ' keep quiet ' is a more practical advice, can do, but not do look good, only you reached a certain degree, others can see you have detached realm. More on Lao Zi's famous words please pay attention to the relevant articles of Xi Kokodo sinology network.

7, " do not self-see, so Ming, not naturally, so Zhang, not self-cutting, so active, not pride himself, it can be long ." (The 22nd chapter)

The meaning of this sentence is, "not self-praise, anti-energy is obvious, not opinionated, anti-energy manifestation, not self-boast, anti-energy underway, not ego RTHK, anti-energy long." Lao Tzu is very important to this point, so he said it again in another place with a certain tone, "the self-seeing is unclear; the self-pride himself is not; (24th) It is clear that these sayings point to a direction and how to face the problem of self. When can be called bold and firm? When do you call it headstrong? This is the question we have to think about.

8, " Enterprises do not stand, cross not." (The 24th chapter)

"Standing on tiptoe, unable to stand long, step forward, can't go far." "(Fupeirong) a person's talent show is like dancing on the toes." In this way, it is possible to create a beautiful ballet, but also only in the dance of the toes, daily walking or to follow the nature. "Enterprises do not stand" means that we must have a solid foundation, even if it is talented, but also to cultivate the basic skills, so that it naturally enrich, so that "enterprises do not stand" and often can stand, the key time can stand.

9, "The Saints go very much, to extravagance, to Thailand ." (The 29th chapter)

"Saints want to remove extremes, remove extravagance, remove excess." Many people think that there is a lot of wisdom in Lao Tzu's book, but when it is really necessary to read it, it is not necessarily a feeling of fupeirong. In fact, only after reading "Lao Tzu", and then return to observe the society and the life around, we will really feel the deep of Lao Tzu. "Go, go extravagant, go to Thailand" is to remove the excessive meaning, looks ordinary, but if the appropriate contact we will feel very reasonable. For example, when we are in business or in a good business, we want to develop further, the plan is often very ambitious. But the current situation is changing, and the favourable conditions will not last for years or even a year. So planning is not only a process of unfolding, but also a process of controlling contraction in a way.

10, " soldiers of the ominous device, non-gentleman of the device, the last resort and use, indifferent to the top ." ”

(31st) The meaning of this sentence is, "Bingge is an ominous thing, not something that a gentleman uses." Use it as a last resort, preferably stride. "(Fupeirong) This statement reflects Lao Tzu's anti-war thoughts, but also reveals a truth." Many people agree that society is seen as a battlefield, full of cruelty and intrigue. Although this view is beyond reproach, some means are the same as "Bingge" and belong to the "ominous device". is to be treated with caution.

11, " will want to Xi, will be solid Mr; If you want to be weak, you will be strong; and the desire to waste shall be fixed; is not twilight . (The 36th chapter)

One explanation is that "those who will converge will first expand, and those who will be weakened will be strong first, and those who will be discarded will be lifted first, and those who are to be taken will be given first." This is the first sign. Another explanation is that "it is going to be convergent, that it must be expanded for the moment, that it will be weakened, that it must be strengthened for the moment, that it will be discarded, that it must be lifted for the moment; This is called subtle enlightenment. "(Fupeirong) The difference between them is whether to regard Lao Tzu's sentence as" Machiavellian ". The former is in a natural mood to observe the ups and downs of the situation, the latter with a positive attitude to participate. Perhaps the difference between the two has given us a lot of positive revelation ...

12, " generous no corner, bloomer; Big sound, the elephant is invisible, the Tao is nameless ." (The 41st chapter)

"The most founder of the instead of angular, valuable utensils are always the last complete, the biggest music instead of listening to no sound, the biggest image instead of seeing the trace, ' Tao ' stealth and No name. "(Chen Drum should) these words most people like to know, the reasons may be various, but there is probably because he told us some things in the" number "level of aggregation is meaningless, from the" small "detached to the" big "realm always wait until certain time to realize. Believe this, we can face a lot of setbacks frankly.

13, "The name and the body of the pro?" The body and the goods is more? And the death of the disease? A great love will be a big expense, and many will die thick . (The 44th chapter)

Do you Love "name"? Hello bad "wealth"? How do you cherish life? The meaning of this sentence is, "fame and body, which is closer?" The body and the money, which one is more valuable? Gain and loss, which one is more harmful? Excessive care must cause great expense, and the wealth of storage must incur heavy losses. "It doesn't matter whether you love it or not, it is important that you are tired of it.

14, " It is far, its knowledge is small ." (The 47th chapter)

"The farther out of the outdoors, the less the sense of understanding. "(Fupeirong) This kind of explanation seems a bit against our common sense, but if we do not adhere to the habit, we seem to feel that there is a fresh breath." A person constantly to pursue something, farther and farther, more and more in-depth, more and more professional, but his interest and knowledge is more and more concentrated, then his concern is relatively narrow scope. If we admit that knowledge is infinite, then how is the limited energy allocated? Or to ask, what is our current pursuit of what is most appropriate? Is it best to be professional? Can the profession represent the direction of our progress?

15. " plug it, close its door, and its sharpness, and its light, with its dust." is called Xuan Tong . (The 56th chapter)

The meaning of this sentence is, "plug the exit, close the door, converge the spirit, rule out the confusion, harmonize the light, mix the grime." This is the magical realm of assimilation. "(Fupeirong) This sentence Lao Tzu also repeated, can be seen that he very value this and the ups and downs of the survival posture." We say "with the world ups and downs" is only the general literal sense, in fact, I understand the sage or humanely people in a way and men who, their not be known just the world can not see it. In fact, Saints or laity, "conform" is a realm is also a kind of wisdom.

16, "to the state, to the odd troops, to take the world without matter ." (The 57th chapter)

"To quiet the way to govern the state, to strange method troops, so as not to disturb the people to govern the world." "(Chen Drum should) this is not only the rule of the state, but also as a reference for human life. Encounter difficulties, we can use wisdom, out of "strange strokes" to solve, but the normal time, or to do the things of the time, the cause also maintained a normal, as Lao Tzu once said, "Enterprises do not stand", attributed to the nature of the road, the party is the world of benevolence.

17, " encircle wood, born in margins, nine-storey platform, from the tired soil; (The 64th chapter)

These words do not have any difficult words to understand, the explanation of the truth is very clear. Xunzi once said, "Do not accumulate kuibu, no so thousands of miles, do not accumulate small stream, not to become Jianghai." His student Reese also said, "Taishan does not let the soil, therefore can become its big, the River Sea does not choose the fine flow, therefore can on its deep." Although the number of learning is different, but the same degree of attention is showing the connotation of the meaning of the ductility and wisdom of the sentence. Small can be likened to large, near can be clearly far.

18, "The people not afraid of death, but to death fear ?" (The 74th chapter)

How can the people scare them with death when they are not afraid of death? "(Fupeirong) also this is Lao Tzu's Way of expounding the rule of the country. To turn the principle into a small truth, "death" is feared by everyone, is the bottom line of human survival, can be desperate to face. Once every day to face this desperate situation, then no fear, death is no longer the insurmountable bottom line of people. In other words, do not always challenge the bottom line of others, do not underestimate the bottom line of others, or your arrogance will make you destroy yourself. More on Lao Zi's famous words please pay attention to the relevant articles of Xi Kokodo sinology network.

19, " and big resentment, will be more than resentment, Ann can for good ?" (The 79th chapter)

The meaning of this sentence is, "the major enmity after mediation, there must be more than the resentment left, how can it be considered a proper way?" "(Fupeirong) This is a discussion of ways to resolve resentment." Once the implacable, its psychological impact on both sides is sustained for a long time, after mediation, only to the overt emotional barriers to become recessive. How can it be completely eliminated? This may be a topic that has always been with people's survival. As long as the people, the psychological legacy of the bad feeling will not be easy to eliminate, or the cost of recovery is unpredictable, in this case we should be in the spirit of wide and wide, in the beginning of intercourse, control the factors that lead to grudges.

20, "The letter is not beautiful, the words do not believe ." (The 81st chapter)

"The words are not pleasant, the words are not true." "(Fupeirong) This situation is present and may be quite common, but not necessarily altogether." "Faith and Beauty" is still a worthy goal!

"100 Words of Lao Tzu's classic Sayings"

1. Tao can be said, very way. The name is name, very famous. The beginning of the nameless world, the mother of all things.

2. All the world knows beauty is beauty, and evil has. All know that good is good, and that it is bad.

3. There is no phase, difficult to match, the length of the match, the sound and sound phase and, before and after. Heng also.

4. Do not Shangxian, so that the people do not dispute, not expensive goods, so that the people do not steal, not to want, so that the hearts of the crowd. is the treatment of saints, virtual heart, real its abdomen, weak its ambition, strong its bone. Often makes the people ignorant without desire. The wise man dares not to be too. For inaction, there is no cure.

5. Heaven and earth are unkind, to all things for the dog, Sage heartless, with the people as a humble dog.

6. It is better to keep the word than to be poor.

7. The Valley God does not die, is called the Xuan Doe. The door of Xuan Doe is the root of heaven and earth. If you keep it, don't use it frequently.

8. Everlasting. Heaven and Earth so can long and long, with its not self-born, it can be immortal. It is the body of a saint who is the first, the body and the body. Not with their selfless evil? So that they can become private.

9. If the water is good. Water benefits all things without contention, in the evil of all people, so several in the way.

10. A good place, a good heart, and good benevolence, good faith, good governance, good energy, and good deeds. The husband is not the only one, so he has no quarrel.

11. It is not as good as it has been; Fried assorted vegetables, MO's can keep, rich and arrogant, self-blame. The way of heaven is also.

12.30-Spoke, a total of one hub, when it is not, there is the use of cars. Yan Clay the device, when it is not, the use of the device. Chisel dig to think that the room, when its none, has room for use. Therefore, there is no thought of the benefit of the use.

13. Colored is blind, tone deaf is deaf, five makes the population cool, the homantin of the game is insane, and the rare goods are a nuisance. is to the Saints for the belly not for the eyes, the deceased to take this.

14. Shing, if you great misfortune.

15. Too much, I do not know, second, the pro-reputation, second, fear, second, insulted. If there is not enough faith, there is no letter.

16. The road is useless, there is righteousness, wisdom out, there is great hypocrisy, liuqin discord, there is filial piety, the state dizzy, there are loyal.

17. The Holy Wisdom, the people of the Times, the benevolence of the righteous, the people of filial piety, the clever abandon, thieves no. These three people think that the text, insufficient. Therefore has belongs to: see the vegetarian to hold the park, less think few wants, unique knowledge worry-free.

18. The fear of man cannot be defied.

19. The Laity Zhao Zhao, I am alone. The laity, I am bored alone.

20. The song is full, in vain is straight, WA is surplus, we are new, less is more, more confused.

21. is to take a saint to embrace a world style. Do not self-see, so Ming, not naturally, so Zhang, not self-cutting, so active; not pride himself, so long. The only way to fight is for the world to fight.

22. It is natural for the Greek word. So the wind does not end, showers not all day.

23. The enterprise does not stand, the cross is not, the self-seeing is not clear; the self-felling is not good; The pride himself is not long.

24. There are things to be blended, first and the world born. Lonely Liao Xi, independent and not change, zhouhang and not dangerous, can for heaven and earth Mother. I do not know its name, strong words of the word, strong for the name of the big. The great Yue passed away, and died away, far from the opposite.

25. Old Course big, huge, big, people also big. There are four major areas in the field, and one of them.

26. Human law, Land Law Day, Heaven Law Road, Tao Nature.

27. Heavy for light root, quiet for manic-June. The light loses the root, the manic loses the gentleman.

28. The old thing is strong, it is said, not Tao long ago. More on Lao Zi's famous words please pay attention to the relevant articles of Xi Kokodo sinology network.

29. A soldier, an ominous device, a thing or a evil, is not in the proper place.

30. The doomsayers is still left, and the right side is still. The general left, the general on the right, say to the funeral office. The people who kill and weep with sorrow, conquer the funeral place.

31. Heaven and Earth, in order to reduce the dew, the People Mo's order and self-all.

32. The first system is famous, the name is also existing, the husband will also know, the knowledge can not be dangerous.

33. Pedagogical gardening Road in the world, Judah Kukawa to Jianghai.

34. Know the person's wisdom, the self-aware person. He who wins is strong, and he who wins is strong. A contented person is rich. A forced person has a ambition. Without losing the time of the people. Death is the life of the deceased. The end is not self-large, so it can become large.

35. The Xi will be Mr, and will be weak, and the strong will be, and the desire to be abolished shall be so; is called Twilight.

36. Weak and strong. Fish can not be Yu Yu, the country's sharp weapon is not to show people.

37. Tao often does nothing without all. More on Lao Zi's famous words please pay attention to the relevant articles of Xi Kokodo sinology network.

38. There is no virtue in virtue, but in virtue; There is no thought in virtue of inaction but in virtue of inaction. Oberren is not thought for it, and Obery for it. The Mozhi shall be 攘臂 and thrown by the gift. Therefore, the misconduct, and then the moral, and then benevolence, loss of benevolence and then righteousness, and then the ceremony.

39. The husband, the faithful, the thin, and chaos of the first.

40. The accesses than either of the past: Heaven must be one with the Qing, and the earth to be one with the spirit, and the valley to be born;

41. All things are born in the world and are born without.

42. The sergeant smells, and the sergeant smells, if he is dead, the corporal smells and laughs. Don't laugh enough to think that way. Therefore, there is a saying: If the Ming Dao is ignorant, if the path of the Tao is Oberderogh, if the Guangde is not enough, if the Jiande is stolen, if it is true, if it is a disgrace;

43. Daosh One, life two, two born three, Sansheng everything. All things negative yin and hold the yang, and the air to think and.

44. The evil of man is only solitary, widowed, and valley, and the Princes think.

45. I also teach the teachings of the people. The parameterized shall not die, and I will think of the Godfather.

46. The world is very soft, the world is very strong. No one is in the same place, and I am good at knowing inaction.

47. Do not say the teachings, the benefits of inaction, the world of hope and.

48. What is the name and the body? The body and the goods is more? And the death of the disease?

49. Love will be a great expense, and many will die thick. Therefore Shi, know not to be dangerous, can long.

50. If the Dacheng is missing, its use does not harm. Big surplus if rushed, its use is not poor. If the big straight bend, naturalness, big argument.

51. Quiet wins, cold wins heat. Quiet is the world.

52. The world is in a proper way, but with dung. There is no word in the world, Rongma born in the suburbs.

53. The curse is greater than contentment, and guilt is greater than desire. So contentment is sufficient, often enough.

54. Do not out of the household, know the world, do not peep Hanzi, see heaven. It is far from being known. The Saints do not know, but they are not.

55. In order to learn more and more, for the day loss. It is so damaged that it is nothing.

56. Inaction without all. Take the world often with nothing, and something, not enough to take the world.

57. Saints often do not mind, to the hearts of the people.

58. The good, the good, the poor, the Hu Yishan, the virtuous. The believers, my faith, the unbelief, and the letter of faith;

59. The. The living, ten have three, the dead, the ten three, the Life of Man, the death of Death, also ten three.

60. Daosh, the virtue of the animal, the shape of the, the potential. Is Guide by all things.

61. The Buddha of the Tao, the noble of virtue, and the life of the husband and nature. Old Course of life, of virtue, of the breeding of the long; Born without, for rather than rely on, long without slaughter. It's called Hyun-tak.

62. To the body, his virtue is true, and his virtue is in the house, and the rest of it is in the land, and his virtue is long, and it is in the land of the state, and his virtue is great; Therefore, the body to view the body, to the home, to the township view of the state, to the world view of the world. Why do I know the world? In this. More on Lao Zi's famous words please pay attention to the relevant articles of Xi Kokodo sinology network.

63. The speaker does not speak, and the Prophet does not know.

64. The sharp, the solution of its dispute, and its light, with its dust, is called "Xuan Tong." So that they may not be made to be, but not to be, and not to be, but not to be, and not to be; Therefore, the world is expensive.

65. Take the rule of the state, with odd troops, to the world without matter. Why do I know it? To this: The world is more taboo, and the people are poor, many weapons, the state of the faint, the people are more skillful, strange things up, the law, the Thief more. Therefore, the sage cloud: "I do nothing, and the people from the self-, I am quiet, and the people from the right, I have no matter, and the people from the rich, I have no desire, and the people from the park." ”

66. Its political tightness, its people Chun-chun, his political review, the lack of their people. is to the sage side without cutting, inexpensive and not 刿, straight and not, light and not Yiu.

67. Woe to the blessing of the leaning, the blessing of the Curse of the Lord. Who knows the most? It has no positive also. Is a strange, good complex for the demon. A man's obsession is a long day.

68. Governing personnel days, Isetal Sik Sik Yuen.

69. A big country, if cooked small fresh.

70. The Big Bang is dirty, the world's Doe, the world's turn is also. Doe often to static victory, with static for the next. Therefore, the small States under the state, take the small States, small States under the big Bang, take the Big Bang. To take, or lower, to take. Big Bang but want to be a beast, small state but want to enter a person. The two of them have their own desires, and the big people should be the next.

71. For inaction, nothing, taste tasteless.

72. It is difficult to be easy, more than its fine, the world is difficult, will be made easy, the world big things, will be done in fine. It is not as big as the sage, so it can become big.

73. A man will be a little more difficult to believe. It is not difficult to be a saint, so there is no end to it.

74. EnCircle Wood, born in margins, nine-storey platform, from the tired soil;

75. The people engaged in, often in a few into and defeated. If you start with caution, there is no defeat.

76. The ancient good is the Tao, not the Ming people, who will be foolish. The people's hard-to-administer, with their wisdom. Therefore, wisdom is the state, the thief of the country, not the state of wisdom, the blessing of the country.

77. Jianghai can be the king of the Hundred Valley, with its good, it can be the king of the Valley. To the people of the Saints, they will speak, and the ancestors will be left behind. It is to the Saints that the people are not heavy, and the people do not harm before them. is to be happy to push the world without tire. With its indisputable, so the world can not compete with it.

78. I have the triple jewels, holding and insured. A day of kindness, two Yue Jian, three Yue dare not for the world first.

79. He can be brave, so he can be broad, and dare not to be the world's first. To be merciful and brave, to be frugal and to be broad; A man is a man of war and a man of the rule. Heaven will save it to the mercy of the Guardian.

80. A good person, not a warrior, a fighter who is not angry, a good person who wins the enemy, and a good servant. is to argue that the virtue, is the power of employing, is to match the ancient extreme.

81. Woe to the underestimate, underestimate a few lost my treasure. So the anti-soldier is similar, the grief wins.

82. My words are very easy to know and easy to do. The world can not know, MO can do.

83. There is a word, there is a king. The husband is ignorant, is not I know.

84. Do not know, is not known, the disease also. Saints are not ill, with their disease. The husband only disease, is not sick.

85. The people do not fear the Granville, the great Granville to.

86. He is not a child, and he is not weary of it. The husband is not tired, is to tire. It is not self-esteem that saints know; The deceased took this.

87. Dare to Kill, dare to live. The two, or the benefit or harm. What is the evil of heaven, and what does it know? More on Lao Zi's famous words please pay attention to the relevant articles of Xi Kokodo sinology network.

88. Mills, sparse and without losing.

89. The people are not afraid of death, but the fear of death? Shut up the people Chang die, and for the odd, I have to kill it, who dare?

90. The hunger of the people, with its food tax, is hunger. The difficult treatment of the people, with its on the promising, is to be difficult to treat. The light death of the people, to the survival of the thick, is to light death. The only man who has nothing to live for is a virtuous trust.

91. The life of man is also weak, and his death is strong. The life of vegetation is also soft and brittle, and its death is haggard. Therefore the strong are the dead, the weak are the people of the life. is a strong soldier, the wood is strong fold. Strong place under, weak place on.

92. The way of heaven, its Minari bow? The higher is suppressed, the lower is lifted, and the remnant is damaged, and the less is mended. The road of the day, the loss of the rest and fill the shortfall. The way of man, it is not to be lost enough to serve the rest. Who can have the rest to serve the world, only the Youdao.

93. It is the sage who does not rely on, but does not want to see the yin.

94. The world is not weak in water, and the strong can not win, with its not easy.

95. Weak win strong, soft win just, the world knows, MO can do.

96. And the great resentment will be the remnant of resentment;

97. Small States and people. To make the Shber of a man without a man, and a man to die without being far away. Although there is a boat, no ride, although there are hoplite, no Zhiduan Chen. For the ropes of the people.

98. Eat the food, the beauty of its clothing, Ann its home, music its vulgar. The neighboring countries, voice, the people to the old die, do not exchange.

99. The letter is not beautiful, the words do not believe. A good person does not argue, and the defence is poor. The person who knows is not Bo, Bo does not know.

100. The way of heaven, and not harm, the way of the Saints, for without contention.

"Introduction to Laozi"

Lao Tzu (about 571~ BC 471), Word Boyang, posthumous Dan, also known as Lier (ancient "old" and "Li" sounds the same, "Dan" and "ear" synonymous). Chu Bitter County Shang Guirenri (present Henan province Luyi County Taiqing) people. He was the "official of the Tibetan House" (the official who manages the collection), one of the greatest philosophers and thinkers in the Zhou Dynasty, and was revered as a Taoist ancestor and a world cultural celebrity. Lao Tzu's thought is "inaction", "Lao Tzu" to "Tao" to explain the evolution of the universe, "Tao" for the objective law of nature, at the same time has "independent, Zhouhang and not dangerous" eternal meaning. "Lao Tzu" contains a large number of simple dialectics, such as thinking that all things are positive and negative, "the movement of the opposite", and can be transformed from the opposite, "is complex for the odd, good complex for the demon", "Woe to the blessing of the Leaning, blessing and evil of the". Also thought that the world things are "have" and "No" unity, "have, no phase", and "no" as the basis, "All things born in the world, have been born without". "The way of the day, the loss of surplus and insufficient, the way of the people is not, not enough to serve the rest", "The hunger of the people, with its food tax"; "The light death of the people to survive on the thick"; ”。 Its theory has a profound influence on the development of Chinese philosophy, and its content is mainly seen in the book "Lao Tzu". His philosophical thought and the Taoist school founded by him not only made an important contribution to the development of ancient Chinese thought and culture, but also exerted a profound influence on the development of Chinese thought and culture in the past more than 2000 years. Some people think that it is Laolaizi, also Chu people, and Confucius at the same time, has written 15 propaganda Taoist use, and some people think it is Dan (Dān), living in Confucius died more than 100 years of time. The famous historian Sima Qian in his "historical records" of "Lao Fei biographies" that is to explain to Lao Tzu how people have had this two kinds of speculation. "OR: Laolaizi also Laolaizi, writing 15 articles, Introduction Road home, and Confucius at the same time cloud." At that time, Sima Qian also suspected Lao Tzu as Laolaizi. Not the founder of Taoism.

"Lao Tzu", also known as "Moral Sutra", there is a saying "de interchange Mejiro". In 1973, Ma Wanghan tomb unearthed Silk books "Lao Tzu", to thousands of years of old studies brought unprecedented light. Silk books "Lao Tzu" has a B two versions, are "the German article" in front of, "Tao article" in the later. In particular, b in two after the "de", "Tao" two words clearly separated from the article name. This makes the fact that since the Wei and Jin dynasties have been mistaken for the "moral Sutra", and reversed the "German" and "article" The Order of the facts of the truth. In the Dunhuang Sutra Cave found in Lao Tzu ("De interchange Mejiro"), more with the "Germany" as the last article, "Interchange Mejiro" for the next, not divided into chapters, and today's "moral sutra" up and down two volumes ("Interchange Mejiro" in the former, "the German Sutra" in the later, and divided into 81 chapters) order different. The 1970s unearthed silver Queshan Bamboo and Silk Books "Lao Tzu, De interchange Mejiro" for Emperor Wen 20 years (A.D. 168) before the version, compared to the Dunhuang eight hundred or nine hundred years earlier, is also the "German chapter" in the former "Tao" after. It can be seen that "Lao Tzu, De interchange Mejiro" to "Germany", "Tao" points up and down is the warring states since the old biography, in line with the Lao Zi Chun de Return to the road, the original intention of the whole de. Dunhuang Manuscript, Silver Queshan and Ma Wanghan Silk Books Keep This true face, is the best material to study Lao Tzu. Not only that, Han Fei zi, "Shang", "The old" is also the former. It can be seen that the former "Lao Tzu" in the Wei and Jin dynasties is actually "de interchange Mejiro", besides having moral connotation, and implying the profound artistic conception of virtue and the way of morality.

Lao Tzu is not only the historian of Zhou, so the book of Chinese art and literature, said: "Taoist flow, cover out of the historian." It is not unreasonable to say that. As for the gateways, the thinkers of the ban-gu were said to be conceivable. Kind "Old Dan Theory for the historian" that: "The history of the old Dan Doctrine, about because of the history of Zhou." He listed "Zuo Zhuan", "Mandarin", "The Analects of Confucius", "Big Dadailiji in mind" and other books, such as the official historian in the form of the maxim, and will be 16 related materials and "Lao Zi" compared. For example, "Zuo Zhuan" into the public two years: ' Zhong ni Smell of Yue:. Only the name of the device, not the dummy. "Zuo Zhuan" Zhao Gong 32 years: Caution and name, not false people. "Zuo Zhuan" These words, is obviously "Lao Tzu" 's "The weapon of the country, not to show people ' (36th chapter) of the meaning of this." "。。 From the comparison of these materials, the statement "Lao Tzu" is "the knowledge that the historian has always kept." It can be seen that the knowledge of Lao Tzu and the historian has its own ideological origins. More on Lao Zi's famous words please pay attention to the relevant articles of Xi Kokodo sinology network.

Interpretation of Lao Tzu's classic Sayings