The Hypertext Markup language is an application under the standard Universal Markup Language and is a specification, a standard that marks individual parts of the page to be displayed by means of marker symbols.
In short: a language that is labeled as something in an ordinary document, with the purpose of using tags to make the file appear as expected.
Explanation: HTML is a descriptive language in the definition of SGML, or HTML is an application of SGML, HTML is not a programming language, such as C + + and Java, it is just the markup language, basically you just understand the use of various tags to learn the html,html The format is very simple, only by the combination of text and tags, in terms of editing, any text editor can, as long as the file can be saved into ASCII text format can be, of course, professional web editing software is preferred.
second, the characteristics and working principle1. PrincipleThe Web page file itself is a text file, by adding a marker in a text file, you can tell the browser how to display the content (such as: How the text is handled, how the picture is arranged, how the image is displayed, etc.).
The browser reads the Web page file sequentially, and then interprets and displays the contents of its tag according to the marker, and the mark that writes the error does not indicate its error, and does not stop its interpretation execution, the author can only display the effect to analyze the cause of the error and the error site.
It is important to note that for different browsers, there may be different interpretations of the same marker, which may result in differing displays.
2. FeaturesHTML document production is not very complex, and powerful, supporting the different data format of the file set, which is one of the reasons for the popularity of WWW, its main features are as follows:
(1) Simplicity, the HTML version of the upgrade with a superset of the way, so more flexible and convenient.
(2) extensibility, the wide application of HTML language brings the enhancement function, the addition of identifiers and other requirements, the way HTML takes sub-class elements, to ensure the system expansion.
(3) Platform independence. Although the PC is a big line, but the use of other machines such as Mac, HTML can be used on a wide range of platforms, which is another reason for the popularity of www.
A simple HTML file
<title> title of page </title>
<body>
<p> This is my first page. </p>
<b> this text is bold. </b>
</body>
a simple paragraph
<body>
<p> this is the paragraph. </p>
The <p> paragraph elements are defined by the P tag. </p>
</body>
title
HTML automatically adds an extra line of wrapping around the title.
paragraph
Paragraphs are defined using <p> tags.
<p>this is a paragraph</p>
HTML automatically adds an extra blank line before and after the paragraph.
line Break
The,<br> tag comes in handy when you're going to end a line and don't want to start a new paragraph. Wherever you place it, the,<br> tag produces a forced line break.
<p>this <br> is a para<br>graph with line breaks</p>
The <br> tag is a blank label, and because it doesn't make sense to close the tag, it doesn't have a stop tag like </br>.
<br> or the <br/>
You will increasingly find that <br> is very similar to <br/>. Since <br> does not have an end tag, it violates one of the future HTML rules, that is, all elements must be closed.
Writing this tag as <br/> is a future-proof practice, and both XHTML and XML accept the idea of closing tags inside open tags.
Notes
Note tags are used to insert comments into HTML source code. Comments are ignored by the browser. You can use annotations to interpret your code, which will help your code edits later in the day.
<!--This is a comment-
Note: An exclamation point must be written after the opening parenthesis, which is not required before the closing parenthesis.
Elements
Each HTML element has an element name (such as body, H1, p, BR)
The start tag is the element name surrounded by parentheses
End tag is a slash and element name surrounded by parentheses
element content is between the opening and closing tags
Some HTML elements have no content
Some HTML elements do not have an end tag
Summarized as
The functionality of HTML is much more than that, and below we list some other tags. As for the other functions in the subsequent learning process, and then slowly study.
| Mark | Type | Translation or meaning | Role | Note |
| File tags | ||||
| <HTML> | File declaration | Let the browser know that this is an HTML file | ||
| <HEAD> | Beginning | Provide overall document information | ||
| <TITLE> | Title | Defines the file title, which is displayed at the top of the browse | ||
| <BODY> | This paper | Design file format and Nevin location | ||
| Typesetting marks | ||||
| <!--annotations-- | 0 | Description tag | Adds a description to the file but is not displayed | |
| <P> | 0 | Paragraph mark | Leave a blank line between words, pictures, tables, etc. | |
| <BR> | 0 | Line break Marker | Make words, pictures, tables, etc. appear on the next line | |
| <HR> | 0 | Horizon | Insert a horizontal line | |
| <CENTER> | Center | Make words, pictures, tables, etc. appear in the middle | Against | |
| <PRE> | Preset format | Make the file appear in the original code arrangement | ||
| <DIV> | Partition mark | Set the placement of words, pictures, tables, etc. | ||
| <NOBR> | Do not fold lines | Make the text not too long to detour | ||
| <WBR> | Suggested folding lines | Pre-set the fold line position | ||
| Font tags | ||||
| <STRONG> | Aggravating tone | Effect of font bold bold | ||
| <B> | Bold marking | Create font Bold effect | ||
| <EM> | Accent Marks | Font appears in italic effect | ||
| <I> | Italic marker | Font appears in italic effect | ||
| <TT> | Typing font | Courier font with the same letter width | ||
| <U> | Plus the bottom line | Plus the bottom line | Against | |
| <H1> | First Level title tag | To widen, to become larger, to be inversely proportional to progression. | ||
| <H2> | Second Level title tag | Make the font thicker and wider | ||
| <H3> | Level Three header tag | Make the font thicker and wider | ||
| <H4> | Level Four header tag | Make the font thicker and wider | ||
| <H5> | Level Five header tag | Make the font thicker and wider | ||
| <H6> | Level Six header tag | Make the font thicker and wider | ||
| <FONT> | Glyph Markers | Set font style, size, color | Against | |
| <BASEFONT> | 0 | Datum Glyph Markers | Set all glyphs, sizes, colors | Against |
| <BIG> | Font enlargement | Make the font slightly larger | ||
| <SMALL> | Font indentation | Make the font slightly thinner | ||
| <STRIKE> | Draw line Delete | Add a strikethrough to a font | Against | |
| <CODE> | Program code | The font is slightly wider like <TT> | ||
| <KBD> | Keyboard word | Font slightly widened, single blank | ||
| <SAMP> | Example | The font is slightly wider like <TT> | ||
| <VAR> | Variables | Italic effect | ||
| <CITE> | Biography quote | Italic effect | ||
| <BLOCKQUOTE> | Quote Text block | Indent fonts | ||
| <DFN> | Definition of the language of reference | Italic effect | ||
| <ADDRESS> | Address tag | Italic effect | ||
| <SUB> | Subscript Word | Subscript Word | ||
| <SUP> | Superscript word | Index (square, cubic, etc.) | ||
| Manifest markup | ||||
| <OL> | Order List | The list items will be in numbers, alphabetical order | ||
| <UL> | Unordered list | List items are arranged in dots | ||
| <LI> | 0 | Checklist items | Each marker identifies a list item | |
| <MENU> | Menu List | The list items are arranged in dots, such as <UL> | Against | |
| <DIR> | Catalog List | The list items are arranged in dots, such as <UL> | Against | |
| <DL> | Defining manifests | The list appears on two levels | ||
| <DT> | 0 | Defining entries | Title indicating the definition of the item | |
| <DD> | 0 | Define Content | Label definition Content | |
| Table Markers | ||||
| <TABLE> | Table Markers | Set the parameters of the table | ||
| <CAPTION> | Table title | Make a get through column to fill in the table title | ||
| <TR> | Table columns | Set columns for this table | ||
| <TD> | Table Bar | Set the column of the table | ||
| <TH> | Table header | Equal to <td>, but its font is thicker | ||
| Form Markers | ||||
| <FORM> | Form Markers | Determine the mode of operation of a single form | ||
| <TEXTAREA> | Text chunks | Provide text boxes to enter a larger amount of text | ||
| <INPUT> | 0 | Input tags | Decision input Form | |
| <SELECT> | Select marker | Set up pop-up scrolling checklist | ||
| <OPTION> | 0 | Options | Each marker indicates an option | |
| Graphical markers | ||||
| 0 | Graphical markers | Used to insert graphics and set graphic properties | ||
| Link marker | ||||
| <A> | Link marker | Join link | ||
| <BASE> | 0 | Benchmark Marker | Relative URLs can be turned to absolute and specified link target | |
| Frame Markers | ||||
| <FRAMESET> | Frame settings | Set frame | ||
| <FRAME> | 0 | frame window Settings | Set frame window | |
| <IFRAME> | 0 | In-page frames | Inserting frames in the middle of a Web page | Ie |
| <NOFRAMES> | No framework Support | Set the prompt when the browser does not support frames | ||
| Image map | ||||
| <MAP> | Image map Name | Set Image map name | ||
| <AREA> | 0 | Link area | Set each link area | |
| Multimedia | ||||
| <BGSOUND> | 0 | Background sound | Play sound or music in the background | Ie |
| <EMBED> | 0 | Multimedia | Add sound, music, or video | |
| Other marks | ||||
| <MARQUEE> | Moving text | Make text move around | Ie | |
| <BLINK> | Blinking text | Blinking text | NC | |
| <ISINDEX> | 0 | In-page search device | You can enter keywords to search for this page | Against |
| <META> | 0 | Start definition | Let the browser know that this is an HTML file | |
| <LINK> | 0 | Relationship definition | Define the relationship of the file to other URLs | |
| StyleSheet | ||||
| <STYLE> | Style sheet | Control page Layout | ||
| <span> | Custom Marks | Use independently or in conjunction with style sheets | ||
Note:
Introduction to HTML Hypertext Markup Language
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