Introduction to Linux (iv) installation and use of the Vim editor under Ubuntu

Original link: http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/219f4bf7d03187de452d3862.html

a Vim console version of Vim is released with Ubuntu, so it is not necessary to install it. However, if you prefer vim under the GUI interface, please install the VIM-GTK software package in the following two ways:

1. Search for VIM-GTK in Ubuntu Software Center and install VI improved-enhanced VI editor-with GTK2 GUI

2. Enter sudo apt-get install VIM-GTK in the terminal

Second, quick guide

You can enter VIM in the terminal to start vimin console mode, or enter Gvim to start vim in graphical mode.

1. Mode

The insert mode input text edit mode executes the command, also known as Normal mode .

Command mode , execute: Command insert mode is not the default mode, you must press I to enter the insert mode, enter some text on the screen.

Command mode is used to execute colon commands, such as Save, find/Replace, and configure Vim.

To save the text, you only need to enter in normal mode: Enter command mode and enter: W filename<enter> exit vim execute the colon command: Q.

Summarized as follows:

Vim (start vim)

I (enter insert mode) < Enter text ><Esc> (back to edit mode): W filename (save file as ' filename '): Q (Exit Vim) Vim filename (opens the file you just saved in vim), remember, The best way to learn vim is to use her. You can learn the basic use of VIM by using the built-in vim tutorials, just enter Vimtutor in the terminal (some systems may be vim-tutor).

2. Edit the DocBook document with VIM in order to submit the article to the Ubuntu document organization, you need to use the DocBook format. You may be interested in the Vim file type plugin Xmledit.

Add the following to ~/.VIMRC

map! , e <emphasis> map! , p <para>map <F3> V/>^MX if the cursor is at the top of an open XML tag, you can press F3 to cut the contents of the tag into the buffer. Move the cursor to the bottom of this section and press ' P ' (= paste) The content you just copied will appear after the current character.

This is useful for adding tags to already good documents. A typical use is to add formatting to a document copied/pasted from a Web page when needed.

3. Online resources You can find useful information about vim on the following page

The VIM home page can be used to find plugins for related scripts. The Tips section have a RSS feed which gives many useful tips about vim.

Vim's useful skills provide the skills to use vim effectively.

Vim's author, Bram Moolenaar wrote an article seven habits of effective text editing

The VIM document is a centralized place for the documentation of VIM. You can download the Vim manuals and vim book there.

4. VI Command

command to enter VI

VI FileName: Opens or creates a new file and places the cursor at the beginning of the first

VI +n FileName: Opens the file and places the cursor at the beginning of nth

VI + FileName: Opens the file and places the cursor at the beginning of the last line

VI +/pattern FileName: Opens the file and places the cursor at the first string that matches the pattern

Vi-r FileName: The last time you were editing with VI, a system crash occurred, restoring filename

VI filename....filename: Open multiple files, edit them sequentially

Move Cursor Class command

H: Move the cursor one character to the left

L: Move the cursor right one character

Space: Move the cursor right one character

Backspace: Cursor moves left one character

K or ctrl+p: Move the cursor up one line

J or CTRL + N: Move the cursor down one line

Enter: Move the cursor down one line

W or W: Move the cursor right one word to the beginning of the word

B or B: The cursor moves left one word to the beginning of the word

E or E: Move the cursor right one word to the end of the word

): Move the cursor to the end of the sentence

(: The cursor moves to the beginning of the sentence

}: Move the cursor to the beginning of the paragraph

{: Cursor moves to end of paragraph

NG: Cursor moves to the beginning of nth

n+: The cursor moves down n rows

N: Move the cursor up n rows

n$: Cursor moves to end of Nth line

H: Move the cursor to the top row of the screen

M: Move the cursor to the middle line of the screen

L: The cursor moves to the last line of the screen

0: (note is the number 0) cursor moves to the beginning of the current line

$: Cursor moves to the end of the current line

Screen Tumbling Class command

Ctrl+u: First half screen to file

Ctrl+d: Half-screen to the end of the file

CTRL+F: Flip a screen to the end of a file

ctrl+b; Turn one screen to the top of the file

NZ: Rolls line N to the top of the screen and scrolls the current line to the top of the screen when n is not specified.

Insert Text Class command

I: Before the cursor

I: At the beginning of the current

A: After the cursor

A: At the end of the current line

O: A new line below the current line

O: New row above the current line

R: Replace the current character

R: Replaces the current character and its characters until the ESC key is pressed

S: replaces the specified number of characters with the input text starting at the current cursor position

S: Deletes the specified number of rows and replaces them with the input text

NCW or NCW: Modifies a specified number of words

NCC: Modifying a specified number of rows

Delete command

NDW or NDW: Delete the n-1 characters at the beginning and after the cursor

Do: Delete to the beginning of the line

d$: Delete to end of line

NDD: Deletes the current line and its subsequent n-1 rows

X or x: Deletes a character, x deletes the cursor, and x deletes the cursor before the

Ctrl+u: Delete text entered under input mode

Search and Replace commands

/pattern: Searches for pattern at the end of the file from the beginning of the cursor

? pattern: Searches for pattern from the beginning of the cursor to the top of the file

N: Repeat the last search command in the same direction

N: Repeats the last search command in the opposite direction

: s/p1/p2/g: Replaces all P1 in the current row with P2

: n1,n2s/p1/p2/g: All P1 in line N1 to N2 are replaced with P2

: g/p1/s//p2/g: Replace all P1 in the file with P2

Option settings

All: List all option settings

Term: Set terminal type

Ignorance: ignoring case in search

List: Display tab stops (CTRL+I) and end-of-line flags ($)

Number: Show line numbers

Report: Displays the number modified by the line-oriented command

Terse: Displays a short warning message

Warn: Displays no write message if the current file is not saved when you go to another file

Nomagic: Allows special characters that are not preceded by "/" to be used in search mode

Nowrapscan: Prohibit VI from the other end when the search reaches the end of the file

MESG: Allow VI to display information that other users write to their terminal using write

Last line mode command

: N1,N2 CO N3: Copy the contents of the N1 line to the N2 row below the N3 line

: n1,n2 m N3: Move the contents of the N1 line to the N2 line below the N3 line

: n1,n2 d: Delete the contents of N1 rows to N2 rows

: w: Save current file

: E filename: Open file filename for editing

: x: Save current file and exit

: Q: Exit VI

: q!: Do not save file and Exit VI

:!command: Execute shell command

: n1,n2 W!command: The contents of the N1 line to the N2 line in the file are entered as command and executed, and if N1,N2 is not specified, the entire file content is entered as the command

: R!command: The output of command commands is placed in the current line

Register operation

"? Nyy: Saves the contents of the current row and its next n rows to a register?, where? is a letter, n is a number

"? NYW: Saves the current line and its next n characters to a register?", where? is a letter, n is a number

"? Nyl: Saves the current row and its next n characters to a register?, where? is a letter, n is a number

"? P: Take out the contents of the register and place it at the cursor position. Here? can be a letter, or it can be a number

NDD: Deletes the current line and its total n lines of text, and places the deleted content in the 1th delete register.

Introduction to Linux (iv) installation and use of the Vim editor under Ubuntu