Introduction to Multi-Protocol Label Switching MPLS

I wonder if you know the MPLS Multi-Protocol Label transfer technology. This technology includes many protocols and specific technologies. With the continuous development of the network and communication fields, this technology is also optimized and improved to adapt to different environments.

Development of MPLS Technology in transmission networks

GMPLS generic Multi-Protocol Label exchange) after the routing and signaling protocols in MPLS Multi-Protocol Label exchange are appropriately supplemented, it can be used for packet switching, TDM, and wavelength switching services, it introduces IP intelligence, including various QoS, to all types of services, simplifies service allocation, and improves protection and recovery solutions, provides an IP-based public control plane for each layer of the network. To meet the needs of the transmission network, GMPLS adds a control channel for exchanging control plane information between nodes, adds a link management protocol for verifying the validity of the bearer channel, and automatically provides service and fault isolation, added new features such as multi-link binding and nested LSP. The advantage of GMPLS is that it can provide cross-network traffic engineering, business recovery and protection integration, and rapid business deployment.

The bandwidth of the transmission network increases with the increase of user requirements. More and more DWDM devices and optical switching devices will be deployed on the core network, the original SDH, IP, and ATM devices will be migrated to the network edge and provide services to users. These devices require the core network to establish point-to-point connections with wavelength-granularity bandwidth in real time and dynamically.

Obviously, GMPLS can meet the above transmission network evolution requirements. At present, WDM Technology can provide multiple channels on a single optical fiber; IP business will become the dominant service of the network in the future; SDH devices will still be on the edge of the network for a long time because of the bandwidth demand of end users cannot reach a wavelength for a long period of time ); the Transport Network core device OXC will evolve towards the combination of WDM and IP addresses. The Network control plane must take into account the requirements of the SDH layer and the optical layer. The Network structure will be directed to the ASTNAutomatically Switched Transport Network and the automatic switching transmission Network) evolution. GMPLS can provide a unified and simple solution to all transport layers and simplify the integration of multiple transport layers. Therefore, it will become an important part of the ASTN control layer.

MPLS development in Wireless Mobile Communication Networks

WMPLS wireless Multi-Protocol Label Switching) protocol is an extension of MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching in a wireless network. Its principle is the same as that of MPLS. In the wireless communication network, this mainly refers to the wireless access network), WMPLS adopts traffic control and error control mechanisms, and adds the reliability and transmission efficiency assurance functions.

Based on the actual situation of the air channel, this function controls the transmission of data packets, maintains the agreed traffic parameters, and reduces the bit error rate and packet loss rate. At the border of the wireless communication network and backbone network, WMPLS introduces a translation function to remove the additional headers and control information added by WMPLS, and sends standard MPLS packets to the backbone network. At present, the standardization process of the WMPLS protocol is still in progress, and few devices support the WMPLS protocol. WMPLS can provide reliable high-speed data transmission, ensure service QoS, and support DiffServ and traffic engineering. It will surely become the optimal solution for wireless communication networks to support real-time Streaming Media businesses.

Development of MPLS in Mobile IP

The IP-in-IP tunnel technology of the Mobile IP address is used to forward large header overhead, heavy load on the network, and two route tables need to be searched, so fast forwarding cannot be achieved; other nodes are associated with nodes) packets sent to a mobile node are forwarded to a mobile node through the owner proxy and a foreign proxy, which seriously wastes network bandwidth resources, that is, the "triangle path" problem.

The optimized mobile IPv4 standard allows the data packets sent from the associated nodes to the mobile nodes to be directly routed to the mobile nodes, this Optimized route is superior to the "triangle path" in terms of latency and resource consumption, and reduces the load of tunnels between the owner proxy and the foreign proxy. However, the best solution is to create a MPLSLSP with QoS Assurance between any associated node and any mobile node by adding the MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching function to the Mobile IP network, it can implement Fast Packet Exchange and avoid IP-in-IP overhead and "triangle path" issues. It can well meet the requirements of real-time and multimedia mobile businesses for different service levels in the future. Therefore, the introduction of MPLS in Mobile IP networks will become one of the most important solutions for constructing Mobile IP networks.