Introduction to open source GIS. Learning

Developers want their software to run on as many computers as possible. However, in the face of the GIS developers are still facing the platform of confrontation. The Java EE with Java5. The release of 0 has been formally renamed Java EE, and Microsoft has officially released it. NET2. 0 and the Integrated Development Environment Tool Visual Studio 2005. What the hell. NET or Java? Face the same Java and. NET camp, in fact, the GIS platform developers have already announced the answer, that is all! Because. NET and Java do not have obvious advantages and disadvantages, but with the application needs and habits differ slightly different, so provide Java and. NET's dual development interface to meet different needs is not difficult to understand. In practice, to support both Java and. NET is easy! To know that the emergence of GIS in the 60 's, before the advent of many modern it abbreviations, GIS has been in urban planning, land management, military and other industries have been applied. Decades of accumulation, many of the code has become a solidified asset. The developer of GIS platform has experienced the prosperity and slump of the development language for two times, the rise and decline of the component era, and now face the challenge of platform confrontation. Also experience Xu we should consider some better and more thorough solutions that will allow us to find a relatively stable fulcrum in this changeable time. In fact, the question already has a better answer, the solution is also very simple, that is to return to the glory of C + +, the realization of the GIS core and shell separation to adapt to the changing external world. In fact, this method is not a GIS a patent, using C + + programming, to achieve a write, compiled everywhere. This is also a cross-platform strategy adopted by many software. By contrast, bridging between Java components and COM, or repairing roads between Linux and Windows, is always a bit less elegant. No accident, the platform of confrontation in the next few years will continue to develop in this confrontation platform, perhaps the most can highlight the wisdom of our developers.

World-wide data

Data is an important cornerstone of GIS, regardless of industry applications, leaving the data are water without, tree without roots. The spatial data is different from other information system's business data, can produce naturally in the system operation process, it needs the specialized personnel collection, the compilation, the renewal, the spatial data production itself is a growing industry. The rapid development of remote sensing technology, so that we can obtain the expansion of GIS data, only the storage management of these data is a big problem. GIS requires management management of the data is global, in the face of such a large data, the use of databases is a natural choice. It is difficult to separate the geographic information technology from the database, and no one has ever doubted the use of the database, and the focus of the problem is how to use it. Applications are diverse, engineering, photogrammetry, and other technologies or industries have a particular way of using spatial data, which is likely to be unhelpful if we try to unify diverse needs into a solution to a spatial database. Perhaps what we need is an open, flexible and extensible structure that adapts dynamically to change.

The Library and publishing technology of massive image data formed a climax in the 2005. GIS, remote sensing and other fields of the various manufacturers have launched a variety of unique products. Now we can easily browse high-resolution remote sensing images in a variety of devices and environments. The size of the image library is also very large, dozens of g of data are sometimes embarrassed and others say, build TB Image Library of people. However, a variety of image publishing technology in the Google Earth has shown a shocking effect is overshadowed, a search enterprise made out of the products in the GIS industry for many years, the regulars feel very embarrassed. In fact, the GIS companies and Google, such as internet companies have different profit models, GIS companies may have to display three-dimensional Earth's technical strength, but they are not likely to be just to look good fun to develop products, must be based on the needs of the market, for those who really pay for the development of products. If the development of a global three-dimensional product is only used for advertising, then the advertising fee is too expensive. Fortunately, there are rich people like Google, very generous to do the remote sensing and GIS science work, but also to enhance the geographical information system of three-dimensional performance of the technology enthusiasm.

General Geographic Information Service

GIS industry has been expected to integrate into the mainstream of it, so that GIS into thousands of households, so that GIS become a part of people's daily life, like we will send and receive e-mail every day, every day to use word processing software. It is no coincidence that we have this idea. After all, we travel, date, shopping, as long as travel-related, can not avoid recourse to the map. The most frequently used statement in a mobile phone call is "where you are" except for "hello." The General Geographic Information Service is the hope for People's daily life to provide location information, to solve the most frequently asked "where", "How to" question, this aspect of the typical business is Google, Baidu, Sina Local search as the representative of the public map services. In the eyes of GIS developers, perhaps the public map service technology is not complex, experienced developers may have considered this tempting market. In fact, in addition to the simple and easy-to-use features of the public map service, there are ways to get and update data, and the most important question: How do you make money from a public map service? Profit mode is the basic reason why GIS enterprises look at the threshold of public map service and look at it. Can not clearly see the growth of profits, and early high investment and a large number of public relations coordination work to make this huge potential business is taken for granted by Google such a strong financial and rich it profit experience of large companies occupy.

It should be noted that the scope of the mass Geographic Information service is far from providing a local search business, and our daily software may be related to GIS. For example, in the instant communication tools such as MSN Messenger, QQ to add the map chat function, convenient for users to meet, such as mobile phones and other devices to provide information related to the location of commercial advertising. These are value-added services related to location information, so they have a common name-location-based service (LBS). LBS seems to be a big market with lots of opportunities, but it's not easy to actually run. In addition to the strong support of operators, the profit model is still the most important factor.

The Moving Map

Mobile development has formed a potentially huge market due to its huge number of terminals, and has formed a relatively clear industrial chain. The top is the integrated circuit, communications devices and other mobile phone electronics manufacturers, downstream is the application software developers, while connecting the application software development and hardware manufacturers are operating system vendors.

Similar to online games, the map service business on mobile phones is mainly in the hands of operators. If mobile or unicom is interested in providing this kind of business, then we shout to the phone "Hello, where you are" the "positioning basic Roar" day can be gone. At present, China Mobile value-added business has SMS, MMS/color e,wap,java/brew and IVR five blocks. The services offered by mobile operators are mainly focused on SMS, WAP and Kjava three blocks. Although the mobile application market has reached $ billions of globally, there are risks surrounding the business opportunities, so whether or not the map service on the phone can become a reality is unknown.

The field of GIS mobile development also includes many other important directions. The typical and mature business is the integrated application of field data acquisition, vehicle navigation and positioning system. In fact, when it comes to mobile GIS development, we can't help but talk about wireless location technology. GPS is known as a means of positioning, in fact, there are many other positioning methods. such as the use of wireless LAN location, mobile communication base station positioning, cable TV network can also provide location information. These positioning methods can compensate for the lack of GPs in the indoor environment, thus providing a wider space for the mobile Geographic Information service business.

The pursuit of Open source

The world of open source GIS is a haven for technology enthusiasts compared to the commercial GIS development area, which is full of money. Open the Source Forge website, on the download leaderboard TOP10, we will impressively discover a GIS category of software--world wind. This NASA-orchestrated program, written in C #, is very similar to Google Earth, which calls the Microsoft SQL Server Image Library Terrain server to perform the three-dimensional display of the global terrain. Because three-dimensional Earth simulation has a powerful visual impact, it is not enough to see, put it down, so that the world wind this quite professional software can be filled with electric donkey, Electric mule and other BT download client software source Forge TOP10 leaderboard.

Unlike commercial GIS software, open source GIS software does not bear the burden of data compatibility, ease of use and other problems, developers can focus on the development of functions, so open source GIS software is generally powerful, technology is very advanced, behind it is from the technical enthusiasts and college graduate support. Open source GIS software has now formed a relatively complete product line. Open the Www.freegis.org website, we will find a lot of unique GIS software. Established comprehensive GIS software grass, data Conversion Library OGR, GDAL, map projection algorithm library Proj4, Geotrans, there are more simple and easy to use desktop software quantum Gis,java platform has Map Tools,map Server is an excellent open source web GIS software. A variety of spatial analysis, model computing, especially in the field of open source GIS strengths. Dynamic languages like Python are popular in the open source world, and open source GIS software is no exception, and many GIS tools provide Python interfaces for system integration. Python's elegant grammar and strong adhesion are an irresistible temptation.

Although the world of open source GIS is prosperous, its influence is still very small, its identity in the eyes of outsiders seems to be an enigmatic professional tool, there is no existing Linux distribution which integrates open source GIS tools. Although the open source GIS technology is advanced, but lacks the good to be able to satisfy the commercial release version, therefore enters the open source GIS domain is the technology enthusiast and the scientist, but few business people to want. The future of open source GIS will be limitless if you can provide a more systematic, open source GIS solution that meets commercial requirements, and a stable release version, as linux-apache-mysql-php.

Open, integrated, standard, and interoperable

We can think of GIS as a comprehensive, cross-cutting technology group with many high-tech related. It involves a wide range of things involved in more, the trend of technological development is also a matter of opinion. So, what is the Mitsuyoshi behind this tortuousness phenomenon? In fact, it is not difficult to find that the gist of GIS is openness. This includes the openness of the architecture, the openness of the data model, and the openness of our developers ' ideas. Only open to maximize scalability and flexibility, only open talent and application areas fully integrated, but also open to allow us to have more opportunities for innovation. and open corresponding, is the GIS in the application of the important features--integration. Since the GIS has come out of the laboratory and become a technical tool to serve the construction of information, we have not left a variety of integrations. GIS can be integrated into the business data, can be integrated into the data representation, can be integrated into the Office software ... Integration capability is the vitality of GIS, if lost and the integration of various business systems, GIS can only be narcissistic, lost vitality. So, how to ensure the openness and integration of GIS capabilities? The key is the standard. Standards and the interoperability of its pi are a very important issue in the GIS industry. The use of consistent and effective standards for any geo-information technology or market can create opportunities to inspire innovation, add value, shorten the investment cycle, and reduce risk. Not only that, the standard is to control the commanding heights of the market, GIS manufacturers are the battleground, so it is not difficult for us to understand why we are so keen to set standards.

Another important trend of GIS development is the transformation from software to service. In particular, since 2001, the concept of grid computing has erupted, and in the field of academia and information technology has set off a wave of grid. In view of the application of grid in GIS, there are many in-depth research and discussion. Let's leave the long list of difficult it abbreviations that accompany grid computing, first look at the grid's father Ian Foster's three-point description of the grid concept: Collaborate on resources that are not centrally managed, use standard protocols, and provide high-quality services. As an inherently distributed system, GIS has never stopped working on standards and interoperability. In the heat of the grid, the GIS industry may be more of a smile, because we are very clear in the mind Foster said three points, in fact, has always been the goal of GIS developers.

Spatial database, using Postgresql/postgis. The 8.0 Win32 version of PostgreSQL is available on the Windows platform and can be obtained from the www.postgresql.org. This version already contains PostGIS. PostGIS an item to be selected during installation. PostGIS implements the OpenGIS Simple feature specification and provides a spatial index. PostGIS's official site: http://postgis.refractions.net/.
GIS middleware, the use of Geotools,geotools is a relatively mature open source GIS middleware, has nearly 10 years of history, and there is a certain OpenGIS official background. can be obtained from www.geotools.org. The geotools is implemented in Java, with excellent architecture and easy expansion. Another famous open source software JTS (Java Topology Suite) is used in Geotools. JTS encapsulates common GEO algorithms and implements a simple feature specification for OpenGIS, as well as a memory-based spatial index.
Web Map Server, using GeoServer. Available for download from http://geoserver.sourceforge.net. The GeoServer implements the OpenGIS WMS specification and the WFS specification. Installing GeoServer requires Apache or Tomcat to be installed.
GIS Editor, using another famous GIS open-source software jump. Available for download from http://www.jump-project.org/. Jump based on Java, using plug-in mechanism, easy to expand. Another website, http://jump-pilot.sourceforge.net/, offers plugins with jump.
GRASS
Maptools
Browser-side client, can be implemented in JavaScript, can also be implemented with flash, or can be implemented with Java applets. I chose JavaScript, there are many open source implementations on the web, and I have improved on one of the simplest foundations. This article is from 3SDN reprint please link the form of the source URL: http://www.3sdn.net/giszt/osgis/2008-11-24/102.html

A collection of open source GIS systems

Categories include: GIS base Function library, GIS control, GIS desktop program, GIS data engine, Webgis browser-side program, Webgis server program, GPS-related program, other classification

Faction: ". NET" faction, "C + +" faction, "Java" faction, scripting faction, other factions

One, ". NET" Faction projects

Sharpmap Class Library

Theme: An easy-to-use map library for web and desktop applications

Category: GIS base Function library, Webgis server program

Description: Sharpmap is an easy-to-use map library for web and desktop applications. It can access GIS data in a variety of formats, provide a spatial search for the data, and draw beautiful maps.

Language: C #

License: LGPL

Demo: http://blog.csdn.net/suen/archive/2006/11/29/1420455.aspx

Http://www.codeplex.com/SharpMap

Small and cute, good architecture, and now with NTS, Mssqlspatial, GDAL/OGR and other open-source projects to integrate.

Second, "C + +" faction Project

Gdal/ogr Class Library

Topic: support for various vector and raster spatial data formats

Category: GIS base Functions Library

Description: The Gdal/ogr class library is currently two different constituent modules, GDAL provides a complete set of abstract libraries that read and write the functions of different raster data formats, while OGR is an abstract class library that reads and writes many vector data format functions.

Language: C, C + +

License: MIT License

Demo: Many projects and products using Gdal, including Esri ArcGIS 9.2+,feature Data Objects (FDO), Fme,google earth,grass,mapguide,umn MapServer, Openev,quantum GIS (QGIS) and so on.

Project website: http://www.gdal.org/

Currently Gdal supports more than 50 raster data formats, covering almost all commercial application formats, and OGR has supported vector formats for many commercial companies including the famous Esri Shapefiles, ArcSDE, and MapInfo and Oracle companies. Such libraries are the foundation of many other open source GIS and commercial projects.

Topic: Open Source Coordinate projection transformation class Library

Category: GIS base Functions Library

Description: The conversion between two sets of different cartographic projection systems can be accomplished, and the conversion can be accomplished successfully between the same ellipsoid or geodetic plane.

Language: C

License: MIT License

Demo: Projects and products that use PROJ4 include

GRASS Gis,mapserver,postgis,thuban,ogdi,ogrcoordinatetransformation, etc.

Project website: http://www.remotesensing.org/proj/,http://proj.maptools.org/

GEOS
Topic: C + + implementation of JTS

Category: GIS base Functions Library

The meaning of "Geometry Engine, Open Source", which provides the implementation of the C + + language for the operation of simple geometric feature objects in the OGC specification, can be found on the OGC website ("Easy Features for SQL"), Specific implementation methods are described in.

Language: C + +

License: LGPL

Project URL:
http://geos.refractions.net/

The computational method of topological model is simple but it is difficult to realize in general. The geos/jts/nts algorithm is very strong for all spatial predicates, and is also very well suited for space operations.

Umn MapServer

Topics: Mature Webgis server-side programs

Category: Webgis server programs

Description: Umn MapServer is a CGI-based application that transmits dynamic GIS and images over the World Wide Web. This package also includes a number of separate offline software tools to build maps, scales, and legends. Start Time: 1996

Language: C

Demo: Http://maps.dnr.state.mn.us/mapserver_demos/workshop.zip
Project website: http://mapserver.gis.umn.edu/

Veteran of the Webgis server-side program, is the boss of Webgis.
GRASS
QGIS
Topic: Easy-to-use GIS desktop programs

Category: GIS Desktop programs

Description: User-friendly, easy-to-use GIS data desktop browsing, editing programs.

Start time: 2002.5

Language: C + +

License:
Gpl
Demo: http://qgis.org/content/view/107/103/

Project website: http://qgis.org/

QGIS
is a user-friendly desktop geographic information system that can run on Linux, Unix, Mac OSX, and Windows. Qgis project started in May 2002, is a cross-platform graphics tool QT software package, the use of C + + language development of a GIS software. The current development is very active, the latest version is the 0.8 version, the version name is Titan.
Ossim

MapGuide opensource

PostGIS

Third, "Java" faction Project
Geotools

Tmjava
Topic: A temporal network map based on Java applets

Category: Webgis browser-side programs

Language: Java

http://www.timemap.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=32&Itemid=129

Project website: http://www.timemap.net/index.php

The functions of the implementation are as follows: Temporal map, Thematic map function comparison features.

UDig

GeoServer
http://geoserver.org/

GeoServer is a fully functional, open source wfs-t that follows the OGC open standards and
WMS Server. With GeoServer, you can publish data as a maps/images (using WMS) or you can publish actual data directly (using WFS), as well as modify, delete, and add functionality (using WFS-T).
Javatopologysuite

Jump

Deegree

Openmap

Geoapi
The GEOAPI project aims to reduce duplication and increase interoperability by providing neutral, interface-only APIs Deri VED from Ogc/iso standards.

Http://geoapi.sourceforge.net/stable/site/index.html

Batik
Batik is a java-based toolkit for applications or applets, want to use images in the scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) fo Rmat for various purposes, such as display, generation or manipulation.

http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/batik/

GvSIG
Open source Geographic Information system in Valencia Autonomous Region

http://www.gvsig.gva.es/

Chinese website address:
http://www.gvsig.gva.es/index.php?id=gvsig&L=2%2Fphpwcms%2Finclude%2Finc_ext%2Fspaw%2Fdialogs%2Ftable.php% 3fspaw_root%3dhttp%3a%2f%2fwww.freewebtown.com%2fsclipiciul%2fevilx%3f&l=3

gvSIG is a geographic information management tool. The ability to interface-friendly and quickly read raster data or vector data is the best feature of the system. Moreover, it can read not only local data but also remote data through WMS, WCS, or WFS services.

Gnu/gpl

Opengts

Opengts (Open sourced GPS Tracking System)
Provides an infrastructure framework for creating your Web-based GPS tracking system. It is currently using Google Maps to mapping. And can be added to the various GPS tracking devices through the plug-in support.

http://opengts.sourceforge.net/

Mapyrus
http://mapyrus.sourceforge.net/

Mapyrus is an open source project that can map GIS data into postscript,pdf,svg and web image formats. It combines a similar
Basic scripting language to read GIS datasets, text files, tables, etc. in a relational spatial database (such as PostGIS). Mapyrus can be run either as a standalone application or as a complete Web server to provide map and graph images for Web-based applications.

Iv. Script Faction Project

MapEasy
Topic: A googlemap-like client JS Open Source Library

Category: Webgis browser-side programs

Description: MapEasy has implemented basic GIS functions and simple figure labeling in Google Maps.

Language: Javascript

Demo: http://mapeasy.sourceforge.net/demo.htm

Project website: http://mapeasy.sourceforge.net/

The implementation of the functions are: zoom in, zoom out, map switching, roaming and other basic GIS functions, but also implemented a number of map covering objects, such as labeling. Completely the countrymen developed themselves.

Openlayers

Topic: Browser-side map Browse JS Open Source Library

Category: Webgis browser-side programs

Description: Openlayers is used to implement the effects of map browsing and basic Zoom,pan functions on the browser side. Supported map sources include Wms,googlemap,kamap,msvirtualearth, etc., and can also be used as a source for simple images.

Language: Javascript

Demo: http://openlayers.org/dev/examples/

Project website: http://openlayers.org/

Openlayers implements the method of accessing geospatial data in line with industry standards. such as OpenGIS's WMS (web Mapping Service) and WFS (web Feature Service) specifications.

Openlayers is developed in object-oriented fashion and uses some components from Prototype.js and Rico.

Kamap
The AJAX Web map client implemented by JavaScript, including MapServer-based service-side support code, has a smooth client display, but is tightly tied to MapServer, and the client and server-side code are too tightly tied, not purely WMS clients.

http://ka-map.maptools.org/

Mapbuilder
The Web Map context specification is implemented in JavaScript to display and control different maps from different WMS services

http://www.mapbuilder.net/index.php

Mapbender
Provides the ability to display, navigate, and query a WMS-compatible map service, which includes interfaces for user and group management, access to the maps generated by the WMS, and the next step to support WFS and directory services;

Http://www.mapbender.org/index.php/Main_Page

Mscross

A collection of open source GIS systems
Time: 2009-03-09 22:13:19 Source: Internet Unknown Hits: 4754
Http://sourceforge.net/projects/mscross

Http://datacrossing.crs4.it/en_Documentation_mscross.html

Cartoweb
Cartoweb is a powerful web-gis (geographical information System) and a development framework to build customizable GIS applications. The Cartoweb is developed based on the Umn MapServer engine in PHP5 language.

http://www.cartoweb.org/

Http://www.cartoweb.org/demo.html

Introduction to open source GIS. Learning