IP Phone configuration expert

An enterprise's boss is enlightened, knowledgeable, and well-managed. From selling lunch boxes to today's three branches in China, he is very cautious in every aspect, to save business costs. The call between two branches and the Headquarters uses the traditional PSTN Telephone Network. The Annual Long call fee occupies a large cost for the company.

One day, I was a little annoyed to be in charge of network management. I said: You see XXX company used its enterprise network to get an IP address. You can see if our enterprise network can be used as well! Save some telephone fees for our company!

With the "holy promise", I took a closer look at the IP phone number.

As the saying goes, IP phones are VoIP, that is, the use of Internet/Intranet (IP) networks to transmit the Telephone Band service (including voice/fax/Telephone Band data ), that is, traditional telephone applications are implemented through the (TCP/) IP protocol on the group exchange network.

Currently, the IP Phone solution is designed in the following ways: Common Voice Gateway Access Mode, router access mode, and IP Phone mode.

1. The General Voice Gateway access method is to use a dedicated voice gateway device to connect the voice program-controlled switch and WAN link;

2. the router access method uses the voice processing function of the existing vro to connect a traditional analog phone to an IP network;

3. The IP Phone method uses a soft PBX. For example, Cisco Call Manager is used as the telephone management center and a vswitch is used to connect to an IP Phone.

When using a router to deploy an IP phone, it mainly applies the following types of voice cards:

· FXS voice/fax interface card. The FXS port provides the ring current, voltage, and dial tone. The port is the standard ipv11 connector and can be directly connected to the telephone over a common telephone line. There is a saying that the FXS card can be connected to the external interface of the Standard analog switch through a telephone line (equivalent to an external line provided by the Telecommunications Bureau ). Another way is to connect to the relay interface of the PBX.

· Fxo voice/fax interface card. The fxo port is equivalent to a dumb terminal (telephone) and cannot provide the ring current, voltage, and dialing sound. The port is also the Standard ipv11 interface. It can be connected to a vswitch of the PSTN or a standard interface (internal line) of the PBX. In short, it must be provided by the Peer to the ring current, voltage, and dial tone.

· E/m voice/fax interface card. E/m is the interface standard of a vswitch. The E/M card is mainly used to connect to the E/m port on the trunk line of the switch.

· The E1 interface card is mainly used to connect to the E1 interface card on the switch. One E1 interface can provide 30 voice calls at the same time.

The IOS software of the router must be IP plus.

A dedicated as5300 or as5800 voice Access Gateway can be used. Considering the current and future possibilities of enterprise IP Phone expansion and the maximum number of connections, determine whether to use the original device to add the voice module scheme to deploy the VoIP Phone System.

Headquarters: cisco3662: original 2 WIC-2T. Add 2 NM-2V, 4 WIC-2FXO

Two segments: cisco2621: original 1 WIC-1T. 1 NM-2V, 1 WIC-2FXS

Design topology:

| ------------------------ {PBX} ------ A]

|

| Fxo

(Beijing) 1.1.1.1 ----- 1.1.1.2 (Shanghai) -- FXS -- B]

| 1.1.2.1

|

| ----------------- 1.1.2.2 (Shenzhen) -- FXS -- C]

 

Beijing router configuration:

Interface fastethernet0/0

IP address 10.10.0.1 255.255.255.0

!

Interface seri_3/0

IP address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.252

!

Interface seri_3/1

IP address 1.1.2.1 255.255.255.252

!

Voice-Port 1/0/0

Voice-Port 1/0/1

......

Dial-peer Voice 1 pots

Destination-pattern 0

Port 1/0/0

!

Dial-peer VOICE 2 pots

Destination-pattern 0

Port 1/0/1

!

Dial-peer Voice 10 VoIP

Destination-pattern 100

Session target IPv4: 1.1.1.2

!

Dial-peer voice 20 VoIP

Destination-pattern 200

Session target IPv4: 1.1.2.2

!

Router OSPF 100

Log-adjacency-Changes

Network 1.1.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1

Network 10.10.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1

 

Shanghai Configuration:

 

Interface fastethernet0/0

IP address 10.10.1.1 255.255.255.0

!

Interface serial0/0

IP address 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.252

!

Voice-Port 1/0/0

Voice-Port 1/0/1

!

Dial-peer Voice 1 pots

Destination-pattern 100

Port 1/0/0

!

Dial-peer VOICE 2 pots

Destination-pattern 101

Port 1/0/1

!

Dial-peer voice 3 VoIP

Destination-pattern 0

Session target IPv4: 1.1.1.1

!

Dial-peer Voice 4 VoIP

Destination-Pattern 2 ..

Session target IPv4: 1.1.2.2

!

Router OSPF 100

Network 1.1.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1

Network 10.10.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1

!

Shenzhen Configuration

Interface fastethernet0/0

IP address 10.10.2.1 255.255.255.0

!

Interface serial0/0

IP address 1.1.2.2 255.255.255.252

!

Voice-Port 1/0/0

Voice-Port 1/0/1

!

Dial-peer Voice 1 pots

Destination-pattern 200

Port 1/0/0

!

Dial-peer VOICE 2 pots

Destination-pattern 201

Port 1/0/1

!

Dial-peer voice 3 VoIP

Destination-pattern 0

Session target IPv4: 1.1.1.1

!

Dial-peer Voice 4 VoIP

Destination-Pattern 1 ..

Session target IPv4: 1.1.1.2

!

Router OSPF 100

Network 1.1.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1

Network 10.10.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1

!

 

After all the configurations have been completed, pick up phone A at the Beijing headquarters and unplug the extension number 888 of fxo on the PBX interface. A prompt is displayed, and then unplug the phone number 100 in Shanghai, now, phone B in Shanghai is ringing. The call can be started. The sound quality is good when you hear it.

You can pull c from B, call, and call quality.

A can also be pulled from B and C.

There are several dial-up segments in the VoIP system. The first segment is the call segment from the analog phone to the PBX, and the second segment is the call segment from the pbx to the fxo module on the router, the third section is the call segment from the router to the router, and the fourth section is the call segment from the FXS to the phone number on the router.

 

The boss is very happy, but after a while, the boss has been calling for training and saying what VoIP Phone you have got! I want to go to bed for a while at noon. Someone calls me. I didn't answer the call, but the call kept ringing. I picked it up and didn't talk to anyone. Let's take a look at what's going on !!!

I was so annoyed that I had to use B to call a for a test. It really kept ringing. What happened !!! Check the configuration. That's right! What's the problem !!

From A to B, this problem does not occur. from B to C or from C to B, this problem should be caused by the central router or PBX, try another PBX. the problem persists.

If the PBX is excluded, the problem may be on the central router or the fxo interface.

So I checked the fxo errors on cisco.com and found the <understanding fxo disconnect problem> manual. Try it !!

The following configurations are added to the central router:

Voice-Port 1/0/0

Cptone CN

Timeouts call-Disconnect 0

Timeouts ringing 5

Timeouts wait-Release 1

After these commands are added, the problem is solved !!

After a long sigh of relief, I can finally take a rest!

Sort out the configuration materials:

Dial-peer Voice 1 pots ****** create a dial-out peer 1

Destination-pattern 0 ******* set the number to 0. You can add the corresponding vertex numbers to multiple numbers after 0, for example, 0...

Port 1/0/0 ******* and voice port binding

Dial-peer Voice 10 VoIP ****** create a VoIP dial-out peer 10

Destination-pattern 100 ****** set the dial number to 100

Session target IPv4: 1.1.1.2 ******* set the IP gateway for the VoIP peer

 

Voice-Port 1/0/0 ******* enter the Voice interface 1/0/0 Configuration Mode

Cptone CN ****** set the region

Timeouts call-Disconnect 0 ******* set the end time of the call with No Response

Timeouts ringing 5 ****** set the ringing time

Timeouts wait-Release 1 ******