PS: The text of a reading note in the spring of this year: I am so happy that I can see books that clarify so many questions again over the past year.
Daniel dannett's evolution of freedom: but what do we talk about when we talk about freedom? Freedom is not a talent. How does it evolve step by step?
How can free will be compatible with a deterministic world?
There is a very interesting game here. This simple model can be so powerful that it helps us to think about how to generate "the owner" under the theory. We can clarify the first of the many obstacles on the road: How the theory of determination does not mean "inevitable. (CH2)
Conway's Game of Life conto lives in a two-dimensional world. Imagine a two-dimensional Pixel Grid. The state of each pixel can be on or off. Each pixel has eight neighbors: Four adjacent (East-West-North), and four diagonal adjacent. The status of the world changes with every tick and follows the following simple rules:
Life physics: For each grid in a grid, check several States of its eight neighbors as "open" at the current time ". If the answer is 2, the cell remains in the current State ("On" or "Off") for the next moment "). If the answer is 3, the cell is in the "open" status for the next moment ". In all other cases, the cell is in the "off" status for the next moment ".
That's all ~
What can this rule do ?? Go to portal: Wiki entry, a Java-based animation simulation.
It can be a static life.
It can be a life cycle change.
It can also evolve into a mobile glider (small pieces moving in the Middle-East direction) and a factory that produces it (in the upper-right corner), and can also be seen as a gun to launch bullets.
Even more astonishing, game founder Conway and his students prove that the two-dimensional world contains the universal Turing machine ). It is shocking because a general-purpose Turing machine can theoretically compute any computeable function. The personal PC we use and the supercomputer are all a type of general-purpose Turing machine.
Here is a specific implementation-Paul Rendell: the portal, his Turing machine, is like this:
We can go further. Conway also successfully designed a self-replication structure that will generate more copies of itself and then colony on an empty plane, just like bacteria in a petri dish, each contains a universal Turing machine. But how long is such a complicated guy? They are estimated to be at the order of 10 ^ 13 pixels.
Even further away from the designers, can these complicated structures appear spontaneously? If we introduce variation, will the Big Guy above still be able to replicate normally, and then consider the power of choice, how will our two-dimensional world develop? This involves the evolution of the problem, and put it down without a table.
Kanto's two-dimensional world is only based on such simple rules, but can evolve into a life-like model, they can avoid some specific harm (happen), and make themselves exist as long as possible. In such a deterministic world, they also have a certain degree of "avoidance", that is, the first obstacle we need to clarify at the beginning: "certainty does not mean" inevitable ". (The decision to avoid it is still avoided)
Kanto life game and universal Turing Machine
