KVM Summary Document One (CentOS-6.5)

One: KVM Installation

Two servers

192.168.115.18192.168.115.19

0. Modify the physical server time zone

Cp/usr/share/zoneinfo/asia/shanghai/etc/localtimeyum Install Ntpdate-yecho "*/5 * * * * * root ntpdate cn.pool. ntp.org ">>/etc/crontab && cat/etc/crontabservice crond stop && service Crond start

1. Modify Host Name

echo "192.168.1.154 kvm-node154.com kvm-node154" >>/etc/hostsecho "192.168.1.155 kvm-node155.com kvm-node15 5 ">>/etc/hostscat/etc/hosts

2. Modify kernel mode (compatible kernel)

Sed-i "s/default=0/default=1/g"/boot/grub/grub.conf && cat/boot/grub/grub.conf

3. Turn off SELinux

Sed-i "s/selinux=enforcing/selinux=disabled/g"/etc/selinux/config && cat/etc/selinux/config

4. Turn off the firewall and NetworkManager

Chkconfig iptables offchkconfig ip6tables offchkconfig NetworkManager off

5. Restart

Yum Update-yreboot

6. When the reboot is complete, check whether virtualization is supported

Cat/proc/cpuinfo | Grep-e "VMX|SVM"--color=always

7. The modules and tools required to install KVM virtualization

Yum Install KVM python-virtinst libvirt tunctl bridge-utils virt-manager qemu-kvm-tools virt-viewer virt-v2v libguest Fs-tools-y

8. Configure remote connection aliases commonly used by the Libvirt client service

vi/etc/libvirt/libvirt.confuri_aliases = ["Kvm154=qemu+ssh://[email protected]/system", "KVM155=QEMU+SSH: [Email Protected]/system,]

9. Start the LIBVIRTD daemon for client logon testing

Service LIBVIRTD startvirsh-c kvm154virsh-c kvm155

10. Configure the LIBVIRTD server, close the TLS installation connection, open the TCP connection, set the TCP listening port, the TCP connection does not apply the way of authentication authorization, set the socket save location.

cp/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf_$ (Date +%f)

Cat >>/etc/libvirt/libvirtd.conf << eoflisten_tls = 0listen_tcp = 1tcp_port = "16666" Unix_sock_dir = "/va R/run/libvirt "auth_tcp =" None "EOF

Service LIBVIRTD Stop && service LIBVIRTD start

11. Enable LIBVIRTD to turn off TLS and turn on TCP features in two ways

Method One: Sed-i ' s/#LIBVIRTD_ARGS = "--listen"/libvirtd_args= "--listen"/g '/ETC/SYSCONFIG/LIBVIRTD/ETC/INIT.D/LIBVIRTD Restart NETSTAT-TULNP | grep 16666

Method Two: Libvirtd--listen-d or Libvirtd-l-D

12. Configure the VNC listener address, the default is 127.0.0.1, change to 0.0.0.0, and this is done to create VM virtual machines. You don't need to specify--vnclisten 0.0.0.0

Sed-i ' s/#vnc_listen = "0.0.0.0"/vnc_listen = "0.0.0.0"/g '/etc/libvirt/qemu.conf cat/etc/libvirt/qemu.conf | More

13. Check if the KVM module is loading properly

Lsmod | grep KVM

14. View version

Virsh-version/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm-version

15. Close the NetworkManager network Management Server

Chkconfig NetworkManager offservice NetworkManager stopservice NetworkManager Status

16. Configure the BR0 NIC

CD/ETC/SYSCONFIG/NETWORK-SCRIPTS/CP Ifcfg-eth0 Ifcfg-br0

The eth0 configuration is as follows:

[email protected] network-scripts]# cat Ifcfg-eth0 device=eth0hwaddr=00:0c:29:57:87:7ftype=ethernetbridge=br0uuid= 14fbc589-a209-4b37-acd5-60ef51214cdbonboot=yesnm_controlled=yesbootproto=none

The BR0 configuration is as follows:

[email protected] network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-br0 device=br0hwaddr=00:0c:29:57:87:7ftype=bridgeuuid= 14fbc589-a209-4b37-acd5-60ef51214cdbonboot=yesnm_controlled=yesbootproto=noneipaddr=192.168.1.154netmask= 255.255.255.0gateway=192.168.1.1

17. View Network Bridge

Brctl Show

Two: KVM Create virtual machine

1. Using the Virt-install tool to create a virtual machine, it calls QEMU-KVM

Specific parameters:

--name    virtual machine name--ram     allocate memory, take value without units, Directly for the numeric value, the default unit mb--vcpus   allocates the number of CPUs, cannot check the physical server total core number--disk    virtual machine disk location, followed by  path=dirpath: The location of the disk image storage. device: type   , Cdrom ,disk,floppybus: Disk type: ide,scsi,usb,virtio,xenperms: Access: Rw,ro,sh ( Shared read-write), default rwsize: Disk size, Unit gbformat: Disk format. Sparse: Disk uses sparse format, that is, does not immediately allocate space for the specified size--network   Using Bridging Mode bridge: Connect to the specified bridge adapter model: Network card device model. E1000,RTL8139,VIRTIOMAC: Fixed MAC address. In either way. For KVM, the first three paragraphs must be 54:52:00--cdrom    Specify the location of the ISO image--vnc     specify an open port that enables the VNC service--VNCPORT VNC service for remote connection use--vnclisten   The default is 127.0.0.1, which only runs its own access, typically to 0.0.0.0--os-type   linux or Windows or unix--os-variant  system models. including  win7|vista|winxp64|winxp|win2k8|win2k3|freebsd8|generic|debiansqueeze|debianlenny|fedora16|fedora15| fedora14|rhel6|rhel5.4|rhel4|sles11|sles10|--accelerate   Acceleration 

2. Upload the ISO image to the specified directory to create a mirrored storage location

Mkdir/isomkdir/vm

3. Create a QCOW2-formatted disk, you must create a disk image before creating the virtual machine

Qemu-img create-f qcow2/vm/api1-qcow2.img 8G virt-install--name api1--ram 1--vcpus , SIZE=8,DEVICE=DISK,FORMAT=QCOW2,BUS=VIRTIO,PERMS=RW--network bridge=br0,model=virtio--cdrom/iso/centos-6.6-x86 _64-minimal.iso--vnc--vncport 5911--vnclisten=0.0.0.0--os-type=linux--os-variant=rhel6--accelerate

4.TIGERVNC Connection

ip:5911, installation process, complete installation. Restart the Guestos, after the reboot is complete, you must manually open the Guestos client with the Virsh start name command.

5. Create a disk for the raw (virtual machine default disk format). You can create it directly, and you do not need to create a disk image first.

Virt-install--name api2--ram512--vcpus 1--DISK/VM/API2-RAW.IMG,SIZE=8,DEVICE=DISK,FORMAT=RAW,BUS=VIRTIO,PERMS=RW --network bridge=br0,model=virtio--cdrom/iso/centos-6.6-x86_64-minimal.iso--vnc--vncport=5912--vnclisten=0.0.0. 0--os-tyep=linux--os-variant=rhel6--acclerate

6.TIGERVNC Connection

ip:5912, installation process, complete installation. Restart Guestos. You must manually open the Guestos client with the Virsh start name command.

7. After the virtual machine is installed, you cannot use the Virsh shutdown Name and need to install the Acpid service in the virtual machine

Tigervnc Log on to the virtual machine, configure the IP address of the eth0, make sure you can access the extranet, and then

Yum install-y acpid chkconfig acpid on chkconfig--list | grep acpidreboot

8. After the virtual machine system is installed, configure the virtual machine console login configuration to log in by Virsh console name

(1)

echo "ttyS0" >>/etc/securetty && Cat/etc/securetty

(2) vi/etc/grub.conf

RHGB quiet added after: console=ttys0

(3)

echo "So:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty ttyS0 115200" >>/etc/inittab cat/etc/inittab

(4)

Virsh shutdown name Sleep && Virsh start name

(5)

Virsh Console Name Note that after the virtual machine starts, the normal boot information is displayed in 10s. Don't be nervous.

9. Configure VM Time

Cp/usr/share/zoneinfo/asia/shanghai/etc/localtime

Vi/etc/libvirt/qemu/api2.xml<clock offset= ' UTC ' > ===> <clock offset= ' localtime ' >

Yum install ntpdate-y ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org echo "*/5 * * * * root ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org" >>/et C/crontabservice Crond Restart

Three: KVM virtual machine native clone

It is important to note that the state of the source client must be shut down or paused. Native clones are performed using the Virt-clone command. image files and XML configuration files are generated automatically.

1. Native Clone case:

Physical Machine IP Address: 192.168.1.154 virtual machine Name: API1 virtual machine Image:/vm/api1-qcow2.img

(1) Stop Api1virsh shutdown api1 && sleep && exit 0 (2) Start cloning: Virt-clone-o api1-n api2-f/ Vm/api2-qcow2.img (3) Start Api2, modify host name and IP address Virsh console api2vi/etc/sysconfig/networkhostname=vm-api2gateway= 192.168.1.1

(4) Network card error:

Bringing up interface Eth0:device eth0 does no seem to be present, delaying initialization. [FAILED]

(5) Resolve, edit 70-persistent-net.rules

cd/etc/udev/rules.d/&& VI 70-persisten-net.rules

The information of the Eth0 network card is commented, the eth1 card name is changed to Eth0. Record the Mac information for eth1. Then paste the MAC address of the eth1 into the MAC address in the Ifcfg-eth0.

:

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(5) Editing the XML configuration file for Api2

Virsh Edit Api2.xml Change the port of VNC port= "5912"

Quad: KVM Virtual machine Disk Snapshot

Attention:

Disk snapshots and disk dynamic scaling are supported only for disks with a disk format of Qcow2.

1. Basic commands

Snapshot-list domainsnapshot-create-as domain shotnamesnapshot-revert domain shotnamesnapshot-delete Domai N Shotname

2. Note

Creating a snapshot must ensure that the virtual machine is turned on. Recovering a snapshot must ensure that the virtual machine is powered off.

3. Example

Domain name:api2shutdown api2snapshot-create-as api2 api2_httpdsnapshot-list api2snapshot-revert api2 api2_ht Tpdsnapshot_delete Api2 api2_httpd

This article from the "Do not ask for the best, only better" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://yujianglei.blog.51cto.com/7215578/1733863

KVM Summary Document One (CentOS-6.5)