Large numbers are also small.

With the rapid development of information technology, the large data base and the basic research range-the large digital paradigm-became the concept of becoming more and more popular in recent decades. Although large numbers are "big", they are relative concepts, that is, the "big" in terms of storage and technology, and it's never meant to be, but over the years a lot of people seem to have a special feeling about the "big" in terms of pre-technology, and think that it has gone beyond a certain threshold and will lead to significant, even revolutionary, changes in many domains. Every time a big new thing appears on the horizon, this somewhat impatient feeling of revolution is a common derivative, and its reliability is often debatable. But the big numbers have different kinds of things that are not going to work.   In this article, we're going to introduce a small application.  , the title of this article is somewhat "Lada" because the numbers involved in this small response are far from being "big" (so we have added an argument to the "big numbers"), but not by the number of things it uses to be the core of the numbers, The practice of putting the cause and effect aside is a typical method in large numbers, and this small application is small, and after all, it is also necessary to use a computer, and it is also border with large numbers of means.   This is the age when certain historical documents are determined.   The era of historical documents has always been a matter for historians to do, because a lot of information can only be determined by the age to play the role. But because of the unimaginable, many historical documents are unknown. To make sure of the age of these documents, a typical approach was to turn to the carbon-14 generation method. However, the age of the measurement often has a few decades of misunderstanding, the distant ancient documents may not be anything, the modern document is slightly too rough. In addition, this method sometimes produces a certain amount of damage to the file. In addition to the carbon-14 's measurement method, the use of paper, ink and other technology of the history, from the document used for the type of cardboard or ink is also used to make sure that the age is often a common method, but unfortunately the error is usually more than a few decades. The approach is not as satisfying as it is, making other approaches useful. Recently, Turahen, a researcher at the University of Toronto in Canada, has shown a new approach. The study of   Turahen and others was a large amount of evidence for the British middle-century period. Most of these are in Latin, and the records of the transactions of the various types of property and land are youcai for the study of the British history of the medieval period. But most of the evidence in the present Baivan above is neither the age of the mark nor the time from which the content has been pushed. On the other hand, in the last few hundred years, the past few decades of the methods mentioned above are very significant, and the BaivanThe huge numbers also make those methods less realistic. In this way, Turahen and others have used a new method. They are based on the evidence known in the thousands years, the time-unknown resignation and the distribution rules of the language in the age-known evidence, thus analysing the similarity between the former and the different eras, and determining the most probable age of the former (that is, the greatest age of similarity); Alternatively, it is possible to estimate the probabilities of different resignation and tablets in different eras, and then estimate the probability of the former in each age by the number of financial reports in the former, in order to make sure the most probable age (that is, the time of greatest probability).   How accurate is this approach? Turahen and others used a very smart method to measure, that is, to use the age-known documents, the estimated results and the actual age of the comparison. They found that the average error of this estimate can be scaled down to less than 10 years, and more accurate than the ones mentioned earlier.   Of course, there are many uncertainties in this approach, such as the degree of similarity between the dates, the probability of the occurrence of the evidence in different eras, and so on, which is not unique to the calculation method used. These uncertainties are very common in large numbers, and they have advantages and disadvantages. The "cons" are as clear as the way the carbon-14 method was measured; The "benefit" provides the extra degrees of freedom needed to change the method. In fact, the study of Turahen and others is in itself the manifestation of this extra degree of freedom, because they are not the founders of this method, but instead use the extra degrees of freedom provided by the report software to make new definitions and algorithms. The methods shown by   Turahen are also suitable for other time periods or other types of documents, and in addition to helping to make sure the age, it helps to ensure that documents related to other things-such as the author.  

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Large numbers are also small.