Learn four tricks to make it easy to install your program under Linux

I. BACKGROUND

Because recently wanted to explore some of the Linux under the things, began to play the Linux system, in the process of installing the software has a lot of puzzled and confused, and now finally figure out how the specific installation procedures and procedures, first share to you at the same time also convenient for reviewing review.

Ii. Basic Overview

1.RPM
RedHat Package Manager short name, which is the RedHat pack manager.
Install the software to Liunx as a database record.
The packages are pre-compiled and packaged into a RPM-mechanism file, similar to the installation program for Windows.
Software information is recorded in the local database, easy to query, upgrade, uninstall.
Custom parameters and settings are not allowed and are more restrictive.

2.SRPM
source rpm, with source rpm package with extension SRC.RMP.
Can not be installed directly, it needs to be compiled and then installed.
You can modify the parameter file custom configuration item.
similar to RPM.

3.YUM
Yellow Dog updater,modified for short, based on RPM package management.
The ability to automatically download RPM packages from the specified server and install them, automatically handle dependencies, and install all dependent packages at once, without the hassle of downloading and installing them over and over again.
Simple and convenient to use.

Iii. Introduction of installation Method

1. Install Linux software by source mode

Download source package to/USR/LOCAL/SRC

Unzip the source package

View install and Readme file installation dependencies software

./configure installing software to a specific location

Make clean clear the target profile

Make compilation

Make install

Modify Path

Install Linux software in 2.rpm mode

Identify the path or website where the package is installed (find/dirname–name ' name* ')

Find out if RPM-QA has been installed in the RPM library | grep ' Softwarename '

Installing rpm–ivh/path/to/file.rpm

RPM Common parameters

-I: Installation

-U: After the software is installed if not installed, if installed and the version is older update

-F: After the software is not installed, do not install, if installed and the version is older update

-V: View detailed installation Information

-H: View installation progress

RPM Common long options

--nodeps: Ignore Dependency enforcement installation

--replacepkgs: Install the installed software files repeatedly

--force: Forced installation

--nosignature: Ignoring digital signature authentication

--prefix: Specifying the installation path

--relocate: Changing the installation path

--justdb: Perfect rpm database file for this software archive

--initdb: Initializing the RPM database

--rebuilddb: Rebuilding the RPM database

RPM Query: RPM [options] [filename]

-Q: Query whether the following software is installed

-QA: Lists all the software that is installed on this system

-QL: Lists the full list of all files generated after the installation of the software

-QD: Lists the full list of all man files generated after the installation of the software

-QF: Lists the installed software that the file belongs to

-qi: List details of the software

-QR: Lists files related to dependent software for the software

-P: Not installed Packages

-E: Remove a software (to start from the top level of dependencies)

RPM Upgrade: RPM–V[APF] [Filename/dirname]

-V: followed by the software name, showing the changed files contained in the software

-va: List all changed files on the system

-VF: List If a file has been altered

RPM Digital Signature Verification process

Get the Public key installation package

Install public key RPM--import/path/to/gpg-key

Get gpg-pubkey* file with signature information

When the original software is installed, the RPM instruction reads the signature information and compares it to the imported public key. Install if same, not allowed for different installations

3.SRPM Installing Linux Software

To compile the source package: rpmbuild [Options]

--rebuild: Compile the ***.src.rpm source code and package it into RPM package

--recompile: Compile, Package, and install the ***.src.rpm source code

-BA: Compiles data and produces both RPM and srpm

-BB: Compiles data only to the process rpm file

Note: srpm Pack rebuild built RPM package, inside there will be a *.spec configuration file

The following steps are the same as rpm

4.YUM Installing the Linux software

Configuring the Yum Warehouse/etc/yum.repo.d/*

Connect to Network

Yum Install Softwarename

Yum clean all deletes data from all Yum repositories

Query: yum[list|info|search|provides|whatprovides] Parameter
Search: Query the name or description of a program (yum search MySQL)
List: List all currently managed software and versions (RPM-QA)
Info similar to list, querying the software for features, Release notes (Rpm-qai)
Provides: Querying the owning software via file (RPM-QF)

Install, upgrade, yum [Install|update] program name
Install: Installing the Software
Update: Upgrade the software, do not specify a name to upgrade the entire system

Uninstall program: Yum[remove] Program name

Configuration of Yum
/etc/yum.repos.d/centos-base.repo
Yum Clean[package|headers|all]
/var/cache/yum

Iv. Summary

For software technology, I think the most important thing is the spirit of sharing and open source, because this and sharing the same principle of happiness, if you have a technology, I have a technology, then we share with each other, everyone has become a two-point technology, not only not reduced, but increased, this is not what we want to see? Why not? That's why I like to take some time off to write technical blogs tirelessly.

Learn four tricks to make it easy to install your program under Linux