Learn frequently-used Mac commands, assist iOS development, and frequently-used mac commands for ios

Source: Internet
Author: User

Learn frequently-used Mac commands, assist iOS development, and frequently-used mac commands for ios

Source: Jack_lin (@ Jack_Lin_IOS)


Heavy technology Preface

In the process of iOS development, you pay more attention to the efficiency of iOS development and are proficient in using common commands on Mac terminals. This allows you to better explore iOS development. This article focuses on the basic commands and shortcuts of common Mac terminals, and is more suitable for beginners of IOS to learn and understand.

Mac OS X File System
  • Mac OS X is a Unix kernel. It uses Unix multi-user systems and Unix file systems. All files are stored in the root directory./UsersBelow, there is no drive letter concept in Windows. After a user logs on to the system, his/her User Directories generally include public, pictures, documents, downloads, music, movies, sites, desktops, and resource libraries, OS X internationalizes Chinese users, opens terminals, and inputsls, You will see the real Directory Name:Desktop、Documents、Downloads、Library、Movies、Music、Pictures、Public、Sites. Enter cd/in the terminal, switch to the root directory, and typelsIn this way, you can see the overall Unix directory.
    As shown in:


Terminal
  • Among them, some common file location highlights:
    123456 1. Driver location/Development me/Library/Extensions; 2. Desktop location/User name/Desktop; 3. The file wildcard is asterisk * 4. In the unixsystem, A. txt is not equal to a.txt. The root directory flag/is not dispensable. cd/System indicates to go to the System in the directory with the root directory, and cd System indicates to go to the System in the current directory.
Common Mac commands
  • List objects:Ls parameter directory nameFor example, view the driver directory:ls/System/Library/Extensions, (Parameter-w displays Chinese characters,-l details,-a includes hidden files );
  • Conversion directory:cdFor example, convert to the driver directorycd /System/Library/Extensions;
  • Create a new directory:Mkdir directory nameFor example, create a backup file backup under the driver directory,mkdir /System/Library/Extensions/backup;
    Create a backup directory backup on the desktop,Mkdir/User name/Desktop/backup;
  • Copy an object:Cp parameter source file target fileFor example, you want to copy the Natit. kext file on the desktop to the driver directory.Cp-R/User name/Desktop/Natit. kext/System/Library/ExtensionsThe R parameter indicates recursive operation on the directory. kext looks like a file in the graphic interface and is actually a folder.
    Back up all files in the driver directory to the desktop backup
    Cp-R/System/Library/Extensions/*/User name/Desktop/backup;
  • Delete an object:Rm parameter fileFor example, you want to delete the driver cache.rm -rf /System/Library/Extensions.kextcache 、rm -rf /System/Library/Extensions.mkext, Parameter-rfIndicates recursion and forcible execution.rm -rf /Your system is paralyzed;
  • Move files:Mv FileFor exampleAppleHDA.KextMove to desktopMv/System/Library/Extensions/AppleHDA. kext/User name/Desktop,
    WantAppleHDA.KextMove to the backup directorymv /System/Library/Extensions/AppleHDA.kext /System/Library/Extensions/backup;
  • Text editing:Nano file nameExample: Editnatit Info.plist nano /System/Library/Extensions/Natit.kext/Info.plist;
  • Directory operation:
Command name Function Description Example
Mkdir Create a directory Mkdir dirname
Rmdir Delete a directory Rmdir dirname
Mvdir Move or rename a directory Mvdir dir1 dir2
Cd Change current directory Cd dirname
Pwd Display the path name of the current directory Pwd
Ls Display the content of the current directory Ls-la
  • File Operations:
Command name Function Description Example
Cat Display or connect files Cat filename
Od Show non-text file content Od-c filename
Cp Copy a file or directory Cp file1 file2
Rm Delete a file or directory Rm filename
Mv Change the file name or directory Mv file1 file2
Find Search for files using matching expressions Find.-name "*. c"-print
File Display file type File filename
  • Select Operation:
Command name Function Description Example
Head Display the first few lines of the file Head-20 filename
Tail Display the last few lines of the file Tail-15 filename
Cut Display certain fields in each row of a file Cut-f1, 7-d:/etc/passwd
Colrm Delete several columns from standard input Colrm 8 20 file2
Diff Compare and display the differences between the two files Diff file1 file2
Sort Sort or merge files Sort-d-f-u file1
Uniq Remove duplicate rows from the file Uniq file1 file2
Comm Display public and non-public rows of two ordered files Comm file1 file2
Wc Number of characters, words, and lines in the Statistical File Wc filename
Nl Add the row number to the file Nl file1> file2
  • Process Operation:
Command name Function Description Example
Ps Display current process status Ps u
Kill Terminate a process Kill-9 30142
  • Time Operation:
Command name Function Description Example
Date Displays the current date and time of the system. Date
Cal Show Calendar Cal 4 2016
Time Statistical Program Execution time Time a. out
  • Network and communication operations:
Command name Function Description Example
Telnet Remote Login Telnet hpc.sp.net.edu.cn
Rlogin Remote Login Rlogin hostname-l username
Rsh Run the specified command on the remote host Rsh f01n03 date
Ftp Transfers files between the local host and remote host Ftp.sp.net.edu.cn
Rcp Copy files between the local host and remote host Rcp file1 host1: file2
Mail Read and send emails Mail
Write Send messages to another user Write username pts/1
Mesg Allow or reject receiving packets Mesg n
Ping Send a Response Request to a network host Ping hpc.sp.net.edu.cn
  • Korn Shell command:
Command name Function Description Example
History Lists the commands and numbers that have been executed recently. History
R Repeat the execution of a recent command. R-2
Alias Define an alias for a command Alias del = rm-I
Unalias Cancels the definition of an alias. Unalias del
Rcp Copy files between the local host and remote host Rcp file1 host1: file2
Mail Read and send emails Mail
Write Send messages to another user Write username pts/1
Mesg Allow or reject receiving packets Mesg n
  • Other commands:
Command name Function Description Example
Uname Displays information about the operating system. Uname-
Clear Clear screen or window content Clear
Alias Define an alias for a command Alias del = rm-I
Unalias Cancels the definition of an alias. Unalias del
Who Display All currently set Environment Variables Who
Whoami Displays the username currently performing the operation Whoami
Tty Display terminal or Pseudo Terminal name Tty
Du Query disk usage Du-k subdir
Stty Display or reset control key definitions Stty-
Df/tmp Displays the total space and available space of the file system. -
W Displays the total information of the current system activity. -
  • Show resource library:
    Method 1:

    Display
    Enter the following command in terminal:
    chflags nohidden ~/Library/;
    Hide
    Enter the following command in terminal:
    chflags hidden ~/Library/;

    Method 2:

    Open the Finder, and select to press and hold the option key in the menu to display the resource library items (you need to repeat each time you open the options ).

  • Finder shows hidden files
    Show Hidden Files
    Enter the following command in terminal:
    defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool true
    killall Finder;
    Restore hidden files
    Enter the following command in terminal:
    defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool false
    killall Finder.
  • Xcode uninstall
    Enter the following command in terminal:
    sudo /Library/uninstall-devtools –mode=all
    The actual installation directory. By default, Xcode is installed in the/Developer directory and can be executed.
    sudo /Developer/Library/uninstall-devtools –mode=all;
  • Display the complete path in the Finder title bar
    Enter the following command in terminal:
    defaults write com.apple.finder _FXShowPosixPathInTitle -bool YES
    killall Finder
  • Remove the shadow of the window screenshot
    When screenshots are taken from the window (Command-Shift-4, space), the image is automatically added with a shadow. If you do not like the shadow effect, you can turn it off.
    Enter the following command in terminal:
    defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool true
    killall SystemUIServer;
  • Force Safari to open a webpage in a new tag
    Safari supports tag browsing by default. However, when we click a link on the page or click a link in another application, Safari often opens a new window, resulting in too many Safari windows on the page, which is difficult to manage. The following tips,
    We can make Safari open the webpage in a new tag by default.
    Enter the following command in terminal:
    defaults write com.apple.Safari TargetedClicksCreateTabs -bool true;
  • Change the position where screenshots are saved
    Mac OS provides convenient screenshot shortcuts, allowing us to quickly take screenshots of the entire screen, part of the screen or application window. However, this screenshot function has one disadvantage: it can only save screenshots to the desktop. If we take a lot of screenshots, it will make the desktop look messy. Is there any way to change the default storage location of screenshot images? Yes. The method is very simple. You only need to enter the following command in the terminal.
    Ults write com. apple. screencapture location
    Killall SystemUIServer;
    When you enter the command, replace the "storage location" with a real folder. For example, enter
    defaults write com.apple.screencapture location ~/Screenshots;
Common shortcut keys in Mac
  • Command + Tab switch application under any circumstances-forward Loop
  • Shift + Command + Tab switch application-backward Loop
  • Command + Delete move the selected resource to the recycle bin
  • Shift + Command + Delete clear the waste bin of related programs
  • Command + 'Switch between multiple windows of the same application
  • Command + F call out the query functions of most applications
  • Command + C/V/X copy/paste/cut
  • Command + N create application window
  • Command + Q exit the current application. Note that there are three small icons in the upper left corner of all application interfaces. Click green to expand to the most suitable window size, and minimize the yellow color, the current window is closed in red, but the program is not exited.
  • Using Command + Q with Command + Tab to close the application is the fastest
  • Command + L when the current program is a browser, you can directly locate the address bar
  • Command + "+/-" to zoom in or out the font
  • Control + release key display shutdown dialog box
  • Control + Space calls out Spotlight
  • Command + Space switching Input Method
Conclusion
    • Each type of terminal development cannot be limited to the development tool IDE. Some operations on the operating system may bring unexpected surprises. QQ technology exchange group 290551701 http://cxy.liuzhihengseo.com/


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