Learn how to get started with Ubuntu

Learn how to quickly learn how to train Linux experts-general Linux technology-Linux technology and application information. The following is a detailed description. You can learn from this article:
√ Create a Linux instance that can run directly on a CD or USB flash disk
√ Fdisk, a powerful partitioning tool in Linux
√ How to read and write DOS/Windows partitions in Linux
√ Comparison of common Linux and DOS Commands
√ Data can be backed up when the computer cannot be started

Practice 1: Linux

For cainiao, the complicated Installation Process of Linux is daunting. How nice is it if the installation steps are omitted. Ubuntu Live CD can make you think.

Step 2: first download the ISO image file for Ubuntu 1st from the http://www.gtlib.gatech.edu/pub/... 10-0000top-i386.iso.

Step 2: Burn the downloaded ISO file to a CD. Here, taking Nero as an example, you can directly execute the "burn> burn image" menu command after it is started.

Step 2: Put the burned CD in the optical drive and restart. Press Del to enter the BIOS settings page and set the optical drive to the first boot device. In this way, you can run Ubuntu Linux on the CD after restarting.

Practice 2: portable USB flash drive

Now the size of the USB flash disk is getting bigger and faster, and the data transmission speed is getting faster and faster. This makes it very convenient for us to run the operating system on the USB flash disk. Next we will use USB XUbuntu to install a Ubuntu Linux on a USB flash drive (at least 1 GB or larger.

Warning: in this practice, you need to partition and format the USB flash disk (just drill the Linux Fdisk partition command in detail). Improper Operations may damage other partitions. Therefore, you must back up important data to avoid data loss! If you are not familiar with the Linux system, you 'd better practice it under the guidance of a master or in the vmwarevm. In addition, you must first understand that your computer does not support starting from a USB device.

Step 2: Go to http://prdownloads.sourceforge.n... ubuntu.zip? Downloaddownloads the usbubuntu.zip package file for backup. Then, place the Ubuntu Live CD disk created in practice 1 into the optical drive and use it to start the computer. After entering the Ubuntu Linux Startup interface, select "Start or install ubuntu" and press the Enter key to Start the system.

Step 2: Insert a USB flash drive and click "Applications → Accessories → Termind" in the menu to open the command terminal window. Enter "sudo su" (excluding quotation marks, the same below) and press the Enter key to run the command. Run the "fdisk-l" command to view all available devices and partitions, and write down which device partition the USB flash disk is. It is generally recognized as "/dev/sda", and the flash disk I used for testing is recognized as "/dev/sdb1". The following describes the device number as an example.



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Step 2: run the "umount/dev/sdb1" Command to remove the USB flash drive. Then run the "fdisk/dev/sdb1" Command. The "Command (m for help :)" prompt appears, you can start partitioning the USB flash disk (press the "m" key and press enter to view the complete Fdisk command reference ).

1. Enter "p" and press the Enter key to display the partition status on the USB flash drive. You can run the "d" command to delete an existing partition. After a prompt similar to "partition number (1-4):" is displayed, press "1" and then press the Enter key to delete the partition, in the same way, delete other partitions.

2. enter the "n" command to create a new partition. In the following prompt, select the "p" command to set the primary partition: press the "1" key to select 1st partitions; press enter to use the default number of disk cylinders. Enter "+ 700M" and press enter to confirm and set the partition size.

3. Return to the "Command (m for help :)" prompt, press "a" to set the active partition, and press "1" to select the 1st partition. Return to the "Command (m for help :)" prompt and press "t" to change the partition file system, press the "6" key to set the file system to FAT16 format (if you press the "l" key, all partition types of code can be displayed ).

4. continue to run the "n" command to create other partitions, enter "p" to select the primary partition, and then select "2" to create 2nd partitions. Press the Enter key twice to use the default number of cylinders and size. Finally, press the "w" key to write the above settings to the partition table. Now the partition operation is completed (see) and Fdisk is exited.



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Step 2: run the "umount/dev/sdb1" command to confirm that the USB flash drive has been removed. Run the "mkfs. vfat-F 16-n USB/dev/sdb1" command to format the 1st partitions of the USB flash drive into the FAT16 format.

Step 2: remove the Xubuntu CD and restart your computer to go to Windows XP. Decompress usbubuntu.zipto the udisk, and find the makeboot.exe file in the udisk for double-click execution (Note: This program requires Microsoft.. NET Framework. If your system does not support it, you can go to the Microsoft website to search and download it.) And then follow the wizard prompts to perform the operation, A Linux-enabled USB flash drive can be created. Restart your computer and set boot priority to USB-FDD or USB-ZIP in BIOS.

Just Do It

★Rescue data from faulty computers

The computer fails and cannot access the system. What should I do? It is imperative to back up important data. If you burn a Ubuntu Linux CD, try it. However, to access the DOS/Windows partition in Linux, You need to mount the partition. The command execution process is as follows:

Sudo su (obtain permissions)
Cd/mnt (go to the mnt subdirectory under the root directory)
Fdisk-l (view the device partitions in the System)
Mkdir dosc (create a subdirectory named dosc in the current directory)
Mount/dev/hda1/mnt/dosc
(/Dev/hda1, a way to name a partition in Linux, equivalent to a C partition in DOS;/mnt/dosc, this is the directory of installation points for connecting the C partition under DOS to Linux)

The key command is "mount"

TIPS:

★On the Ubuntu Linux Startup interface, press F2 to select different language interfaces, including simplified Chinese, but I think the English version is more stable.

★Ubuntu Linux provides the "Office" software. In addition to Microsoft's Word documents, it also supports Excel and PowerPoint documents. Try it now.