Learning the drawing must see--Sketch basic knowledge

Basic factors of modelling

1. The point, line and surface of the form

The objects we depict are three-dimensional, and the most basic form is the cube, the sphere, the cylinder and the vertebral body. Sketch sketch can start from these four types of bodies, to study the relationship between the basic factors of subject formation and the shape of body.

Point point of position, is the shape of the mark, for the shape has a specific number of significance. First look at the position point, find out its basic points and vertices, right point, Zoo, near and far point, these points specify the overall scope of the object and the size of the ratio between the plane. Then look at the turning point, which is like a transport hub that links the lines and faces in the form.

The linear line is produced by the directional movement of the point. The line is the continuation of the point movement, connecting the beginning and end of the line, any sketch is composed of countless lines. Line is the backbone of the shape, the line has infinite charm.

A guide line is a hypothetical line that is used in shaping a form. These lines help us to grasp the body's dynamic potential and the overall characteristics of the body, which is conducive to the performance of our bodies from the whole to the local orderly.

Contour lines reflect the transition part of the body. In the painting process, the contour line performance requirements from the line to the curve, there is a contour to the internal contour, thus forming a solid frame of the object.

No points of the combination or countless lines after the effect of the formation of visual surface, and surface movement produced by the body. In the molding process, the surface can be divided into two categories, namely face and surface.

The face of the cube in the picture is generally on the front, side, top (bottom) three surface rendering.

Curved sphere with the help of light, in the screen is generally based on the light, dark side, shading line (surface), reflective surface and projection combination.

Any complex form can be understood and analyzed by a decent relationship of cubes and spheres.

2. Proportion and division

The ratio refers to the size, length, height, number, width, thickness and area wind of the objects or parts. Different proportions of the relationship between the formation of different aesthetic, observation and performance of proportional relations have a better way, such as the first to grasp the two poles of relative factors, and then determine the middle part, in turn, can determine any complex proportional relations

3. Characteristics and basic shape

The body characteristic of an object is that it has its own characteristics, making it different from one another. We should generalize and generalize the shape, and form a basic concept, such as circle: Face, Apple, jar, Sun, square: desk, book, TV, house, etc., so it can be said that grasping the basic shape of the basic grasp of the main characteristics of the form.

Starting from the body, the prototype of the object is simplified, and the trivial details are omitted to form a simple geometrical shape. The first is to grasp its plane shape, is the square, is the circle or the angle, and then look at its volume characteristics, belong to a cube, a sphere or a column. In the specific painting, the first visual height, and then the width of the visual, and finally make the upper and lower narrow comparison, you can grasp the basic characteristics of the body.

4. Transitions and Outlines

As the surface of the object changes in direction, the face of the form turns. The square object transitions Obviously, is called the folding, the circular object turning slowly, is called the turn. The edge of a general object can be seen as a transition, and the edges within the cube are transitions, called inner contours. The boundary between the light and dark on the inside of the sphere can be regarded as a transition. In the modelling process, when we take the line to reflect the shape of the turning point, that is, contour line. According to the parts inside and outside the shape transition, the contour line can be divided into outer contour line and inner contour line. In the process of painting drafting, the contour of the object should be concentrated, and the method of grasping the contour can be taken from the outside to the inside.

5. Structure and composition

Structure refers to the composition and construction of parts of an object itself. objects have internal and external components and structural relations, a part of each other connected interspersed, overlapping, and so on, which determines the shape of the object. In the sketch training, some subjective components and expressive techniques are added to the structure, and the body structure reflected on the picture can be regarded as a kind of composition.

6. Perspective and Space

All objects occupy a certain space, there is a certain space between things and things. such as the space distance between the artist and the sketch, the space distance between the objects being drawn, the space distance before and after the drawing object itself, the space distance between the subject and the background. In the sketch, using the perspective of the object to produce a sense of distance, the expression of space skills, the most basic method is the use of perspective principle.

The method of geometrical perspective

The geometric perspective of production and mathematical principles, is to apply geometry perspective to the performance of painting, is a combination of science and art techniques. It is mainly by means of the perspective phenomenon of big and small to express the three-dimensional sense of the object.

Parallel perspective when one of the six faces of a cube is parallel to the position of the drawing, what the artist sees is the perspective change it produces.

Parallel perspective

Angle perspective when a corner of a cube is being painted, all facets of the cube produce perspective changes