Leetcode OJ 133 Questions: Clone Graph

The topic is very long, in fact, only need to focus on the first line is OK. This problem thinking is quite obvious, for the diagram is either BFS, or DFS, as to the specifics, I think with 138: Copy List with the Random pointer very much like. During a BFS or DFS process, you may want to adjust the vertex adjacency point, and don't forget that its adjacency point may not have been created yet. So, there are the following ideas:

Traverse two times without a graph. The first time, all nodes are created without preserving the relationship between vertices. Second time, adjust the relationship between vertices. The relationship between vertices is saved in neighbors, in order to be able to find the position of the newly created vertex, the first pass time needs to preserve the one by one correspondence between the original vertex and the new vertex pointer, which can be saved by map or unordered_map.

I'm a little verbose here, so look at the comments in the code to make it clear. Here, I use BFS traversal. The time complexity is O (n) and the spatial complexity is O (n).

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Leetcode OJ 133 Questions: Clone Graph