[Li Mao] learning materials of a game programmer

I think that when I wrote this article to read Mr. Hou Jie's "Let's get down to MFC", I suddenly felt that I had some experience in game programming in the past few years in college, so I wrote this article, this section describes the book list and source code reference of game programmers in my eyes. First, it serves as a memorandum of understanding about your learning objectives for the next two years. Second, it may be of reference value to others. My principle is to write only the materials I have studied or prepared for the study. Therefore, the content will undoubtedly bring strong personal preferences, such as the importance of the network, database, and other aspects. Because I mainly use 3D graphics engines, artificial intelligence algorithms, script systems, and anti-plug-ins (Anti-plug-ins? ^-^. This semester, computers are not connected to the Internet. Even this article has to be written in the Electronic Reading Room (movie screening room?) of the school library during the retreat of Yuelu Mountains (^-^ ?) Upload, the content is mostly written by memory. If there is any error, please correct it. Programmers should iterate over and over again in theoretical learning and practical programming, so learning materials is one thing. It is better to believe in books than to have no books. I. Books: algorithms and data structures: "data structure (C language version)"-yan Weimin and Wu Weimin Tsinghua press I think their related exercise set is even more valuable than the original book, every difficult question is worth doing. "Introduction to algorithms" Second Edition Chinese name "Introduction to algorithms" about algorithm standard learning materials and engineering reference manual, last year on the csdn website, its translation version was named as the top 20 technology bestsellers of the Year, at the same time, "programmers" magazine opened the "algorithm platform" column, these traces of fixed behavior, can not help but make people to China's current impetuous so-called "it" industry has produced a glimmer of hope. I can afford this thick book at a discount. Although he has made thousands of pages, his English is easy to understand and the content is easy to understand. It can be seen that classic books are more readable than ordinary books. You can also find the MIT video tutorial. In the first class, the old professor smiled and followed by a long-haired ta class. "Selecting hundreds of skills in C language name and question" -- the author of Gong jingguang Machinery Industry Press spent a year collecting the extremely skillful programming methods of various common C program segments, the content is informative and detailed references are provided. For example, a common number of Fibonacci provides non-recursive solutions, rapid algorithms, and extended algorithms. The number of such algorithms goes deep step by step until there are several non-oily files that can be squeezed. For a game programmer whose speed is like life, and a common floating point number is converted to an integer, how can this problem be avoided? Computer Algorithm BASICS (second edition) -- MA xiangxuan and other central China University Press I saw several graduate students use it as teaching materials (it's a joke that graduate students can develop algorithms ). This book is thin. In the words of the author, it is also "brilliant ". In fact, this book is the abbreviation of fundamentals of computer algorithms, but the original book has been published for too long and I cannot find it anyway. The art of computer programming Volume 1-3 Author Donald E. knuth is one of the four masters in my mind tied to Feng nuoman, Dijkstra, and Shannon. This book was written by the author since I was a bachelor's degree and has been written as a doctor for ten years. Can be used as the core of computer technology-the ultimate reference manual for algorithms and data structures. There are also a lot of innovations, such as the common shell sorting, which puts forward the available (3i-1)/2 interval in the book, which makes it a little faster than O (N1. 5 ). Of course, this set of books is highly mathematical, so I am afraid that ordinary people (Me ?) It is best to read a Preliminary Mathematical book concrete mathematics? ^-^. Unfortunately, this set of books came out to the third volume and did not cover all common algorithm contents. However, for game programmers, the more common algorithms they use, the less terrible the loss. "STL source code analysis"-hou Jie Huazhong University Press Hou Jie does not need to introduce it. The flagship of Chinese technical writers said that it has a world-class level. I think this book is a sunflower collection of C ++ and data structures ). That is to say, it is hard to understand at least a few layers of hell, because it requires too much preparation knowledge, for example, STL, data structures, generic programming, and memory management must be solid (do you have to look at the book "Small memory software" called the memory management design pattern ?), But once you understand it, it will be invincible. Data Structures for game programmers each data structure routine is a small game, and an algorithm demonstration system is implemented using the SDL library. Although the content is missing, at least people understand the role of data structures in the game. In fact, game programs are not more special than other programs, and even require more solid basic skills. Therefore, it is of great benefit to spend time doing exercises that seem unrelated to practical applications. In addition, some algorithms that are widely used, such as the * Algorithm and its variants, involve the search traveling and branch-Restriction Methods of graphs, i'm afraid I have to read some difficult papers to fully understand the application, such as Donald E. knuth's an analysis of alpha-beta cutoffs. There are many such good books, such as data ures and Algorithms in C ++, programming pearls, and more programming pearls, I thought I had to read a more rigorous book and a more casual book. Assembly: "IBM-PC assembly language programming" Second edition of the domestic classic textbooks. The art of assembly language has 1600 pages! C language: although the second edition of the C programming language is short, every routine is classic. (Our teacher started to use it as a teaching material, and later it was replaced by Tan Xiaoqiang's C language book. The reason is: the example is full of text processing. I am bored. Isn't modern computer programs spending a lot of time on string and text processing ?) C ++: I have studied C language and C ++ again. Let's take a look at the short version of C ++ Primer: Essential C ++. I have an introduction to C ++, looking at "C ++ common knowledge: essential intermediate programming", there won't be any important knowledge points completely overwhelmed. The next is "The C ++ Standard Library: A tutorial and reference standard library, of course, mainly refers to the standard learning Reference Manual of the standard template library, and then it is best to write programs while learning. I mean those books whose titles are adjectives + C ++. There are seven or eight books. Let's take a look. Rome was not built in one day. ("Essential C ++", "valid C ++", "more effective C ++", "accelerated C ++", "valid STL", and "predictional C ++ ", more than tional C ++, imperfect C ++, although the title format is similar, every book is not sloppy .) Who said that C ++ programs are slower than C programs? For more information, see the design and evolution of C ++. Inside the C ++ object model exposes the C ++ compiler model. Efficient C ++ performance programming techniques when the algorithm optimization has reached the extreme, before using the assembly, you can finally look at this book, sometimes the high-level and low-level can do the same thing. Another two special books: Modern C ++ design: Generic programming and design patterns applied, I wrote a Loki library that tried to provide everything for implementation. However, my point of view was not universally responded to by the C ++ community. Even so, this book is still a model of combining cutting-edge ideology with practical technology. C ++ template metaprogramming treats the compiler as a calculator? This book introduces the MPL template metabase of the boost library. Of course, when talking about the boost library, game programmers can't help but mention the graph library, which can be viewed in the book "The boost graph library. In addition, the python library, known as the first commercial 3D graphics engine in China, uses the boost-Python library. To be honest, I think the starting engine is quite good. Although the self-made 3D editor has a simple interface, its functions are quite complete, and it is also good to use it as a teaching content for the game school. There is also a complete set of online game solutions, known as China's first self-developed online game solution. I saw the 3D editor. I thought this was not a foreign editor named freeworld3d? Although a little biased, I have tried to crack it before. The English interface is also written in Chinese. You can use the resource modification software such as exclusive. I wondered why I was looking for a freeworld3d editor that was not very powerful? Is it just because it is cheap to dozens of dollars? The only thing special about it is that it supports exporting the scenario format of the Ogre graphics engine. In this way, you can't help but doubt the "autonomy" of its graphics engine. This kind of "independent" R & D is really shameful, as long as there is no SourceForge website in China (it is said that it was previously blocked with FreeBSD website ?), Chinese people can develop independently. Some people will also recommend books such as C ++ primer, thinking in C ++, and the c ++ programming language. It is true that these books are also good, but I always think they are too big. It is better to spend more time looking at good source code abroad. Windows Programming operating system concepts Fifth edition the tutorial for some domestic operating systems is actually its abbreviated version. Windows 95 system programming secrets deeply analyzes various types of Windows operating systems. Some people love to read the Linux kernel complete notes, and others love to read the lyrical book like writing an operating system by yourself, however, as a commercial operating system, I want to analyze the Windows kernel to this point. In version 4, programming applications for Microsoft Windows first processes threads, then stores and manages them in virtual memory, and then dynamically links the library. At most, we can talk about message mechanisms. The author said in the preface: "I don't talk about ActiveX, COM, and so on, because when you understand these basics, those things will soon understand !" It can be used as a prerequisite for programming windows. Computer System: "Computer Systems: A programmer's Perspective" and "the art of computer programming" are two great books in the history of computer science, operating systems, compilation, compilation principles, computer networks, and other courses are integrated into this huge book, because computers are a whole in the eyes of the author. Open-source reading: "code reading: The Open Source Perspective" Zhang dasheng copied several hundred pieces of Shi Tao's landscape in the Ming Dynasty, and painted the landscape in disorder. Later, he went to Dunhuang to copy the landscape for a few years and came back to make great changes, it will eventually become a big family. Programmers spend 40% of their time reading other people's source code. Mr. Hou Jie said, "There is no secret in front of the source code," and said, "The world is a big event, and it must be fine ", you can refer to his "yellow spring, source tracing experience. MFC: I really thought that people who haven't read Mr. Hou Jie's "deep dive into MFC" probably don't understand MFC programming. In fact, I plan to write a three-dimensional editor for the game artist over a year, by the way, as a graduation project. Use MFC for the graphics library. You have no choice. If you want to use wxWidgets, it is nothing more than a curious version, but it is not a flip version of MFC, of course, it is cross-platform. Just as the resistance hacker knows the parts of his firearms well, if you want to use MFC to write a non-toy program, you must understand its internal structure. Another book, called MFC, is not the same. IDE: Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 unleashed is a tool that must be used to do its best. Of course, I think it is better to use your own brain with code readers and graphical tools like source insight, slick edit, and code visualizer. However, if the source code is too slow, you can use visual program X. If you are always writing similar code, you can use code Smith. Cppunit can be used for unit testing, and the testing framework in the boost library is also good. If you are in a mood, you can use Visual Studio's external intel compiler, which is embedded with stlport, but it is not a big project. If you do not need to perform performance analysis, use vtune. Programmer's path: "game journey-my programming sentiment. In my mind, game programmers are the first to push the card mark abroad, and the first to push the cloud in China. Maybe two years later, I will go to Netease as an Assistant Programmer of Yunfeng. It's my dream. (^-^) he wrote this book only based on what he understood, so the content won't be cool and new, but believe me, every time I read it, there are new gains, but they are not knowledge-based. because knowledge is endless, it is better to teach people to fish than to teach people to fish. spiritual inspiration is a long term. As Yao zhuangxian, the main programmer and art guide of the classic game "Legend of the legend" Yao zhuangxian ", said in the preface, the entire Chinese national game industry will be promoted by knowledge. Liang zhaoxin, author of The Story of programming experts, is the author of hajun's super solutions. What every qualified Programmer (programmer rather than CODER) should master is now the exclusive rumor of programming experts. I don't know whether it is the luck of the author or the sorrow of the Chinese IT industry. There are still a lot of knowledge points, but it is quite a word about the status of MFC. I really think that the reputation of MFC is something that people who don't know how to use it stink. However, the author's complaints are also excited. Every creative programmer should not like the framework. Masters of Doom: how two guys created an empire and transformed pop culture: Chinese names such as camark and Rolos in the history of these games. (Now camark has been focusing on rocket manufacturing, and luros has his wife and his home for seclusion.) If it weren't for the honors of camark and Abraham, the graphics master, it's possible that the current game still does not know what the 3D thing is. Undoubtedly, the history of the computer industry is promoted by heroes. This book truly records the thoughts of these worldly heroes. As a programmer, I am also very interested in these planning and art books. I used to program the 3DS MAX plug-in for a year or two. I think maxscript is better than maxsdk, after all, most of the data in game development is imported and exported in model scenarios. Planning: Creating emotion in games: the craft and art of emotioneering, what else do we need to grasp the players' hearts? Right, that is, emotion. What is truly touching is deep in the bone marrow. From the name of Ultimate Game Design: building game worlds, we can see that it is quite desirable to write to level designers, especially to build outdoor natural scenarios. Developing online games: an insider's guide is like an anti-pattern book about software team operations. This book talks about commercial operations more than technology. A game programmer who has experienced great hardships and now has translated this book. Artist: Digital cinematography & directing digital photography director. Whenever you place a camera in a 3D creation software such as 3DS MAX or Maya to design its motion track, have you ever thought that you are also in the director's position? The animator's getting Val kit looks at this book about the movements of cartoon characters, while generating the idea of reviewing cat and mouse, while continuing to show contempt for a recent report on a computer-generated auto-cartoon animation software in China, this report said the move could greatly accelerate the production of Chinese cartoon cartoons. I do not discuss technically whether it is being placed on a satellite. (In fact, I know very well that I have done cartoon animation-Assisted Software Programming for a year or two ), but how can computer mechanical animation replace human spiritual creations? The dark side of game texturing uses Photoshop to create texture maps. 3D graphics: To create 3D graphics, we should first look at the textbooks on analytic ry, linear algebra, and computational ry in a down-to-earth manner. There should be no less exercise. Domestic mathematics books are quite good. The computation ry by Master Su buqing is a world-class design. Unfortunately, Chinese CAD macros have been compromised by piracy. It's time for us to take over the baton. It's time! Computer Graphics geometrical tools, detailed explanation of computer graphics geometric tools, has many algorithms and many leaks. 3D math primer for graphics and game development is simple and can be used as a "fast food" for 3D mathematics. The second version of mathematics for 3D game programming & computer graphics is more in-depth than the previous one, proving that the reasoning is more mathematical, it can serve as a bridge between professional mathematical books and programming practices. Wide-ranging content, ray tracing, light computing, visual cropping, collision detection, Polygon technology, shadow algorithm, rigid body physics, fluid water waves, numerical methods, curve and surface, which is rich enough. If you want to learn MMX and SSE in vector game math processors, let's take a look at it. But from the basics, be patient. DirectX: the introduction to 3D game programming with DirectX 9.0, a simple example framework written by the author. I will simply use the state mode to tie all the examples together. The author of beginning direct3d game programming became a game programmer after obtaining a lawyer's degree. Although this book is positioned as an entry-level book, its content has unique merits. It uses the dxsdk sample framework instead of the currently accepted dxut. There are two ways to compile, one is to rewrite it into dxut. Second, find the old sample framework. I am too lazy to download the entire early version of DirectX for an example framework. Later I found it in NVIDIA SDK 9.5. Advanced animation with DirectX: DirectX advanced animation technology. Skeleton system, gradient Key Frame Animation, doll technology, facial expression deformation, particle system, cloth softening, dynamic material, not all. I often think about the effects exported from 3D creative software into a bunch of text or binary files. First, encrypt, compress, package, decompress, and decrypt the files, and then use the game program to recreate a lite animation system, gaming programmers are also really hard. OpenGL: although it is a Web tutorial, nehe OpenGL tutorials is no inferior to the official book. Originally, learning OpenGL is just a hard time reading hundreds of C function documents, if the basic knowledge of graphics is solid. OpenGL shading language OpenGL supports the latest graphics card technology, which relies on hotfix and makeup extension. Therefore, it must be used with NVIDIA OpenGL extension specifications. Focus on 3D models, focus on 3D terrain programming, focus on curves and surfaces, however, before performing reverse engineering on the format of an unknown 3D model, before studying the geomipmapping terrain algorithm paper, before CAD, we still need to look at them as above, if we haven't gotten the Foundation from somewhere else. Script: first read "game scripting mastery" and others to understand the structure of the virtual machine, you can design a simple script to explain the execution system. Check the manuals of Python, Lua, and Ruby. It will take half a second. Programming role playing games with DirectX 8.0 while teaching, while using DirectX to write a gamecore library, the first engine is childish. Isometric game programming with DirectX 7.0 is also based on two dimensions, which is why this book is worth reading. Visual c ++ online game modeling and implementation is written by a mass of programmers with solid skill and programming skills, especially UML modeling and rotional rose. Object-oriented game development: "I like this book. "shader: to get started, read" shaders for game programmers and artists "to write shader in rendermonkey using HLSL advanced coloring language. let's look at "direct3d shaderx: vertex and pixel shander tips and tricks" in the Assembly coloring language. The silver is gold. Three Treasures: game programming gems I only saw 1-6 books. It is said that 7th and 8 books have also come out? The accompanying source code often has bugs, but it cannot be concealed. This annual technical collection of the world's top game programmers involves various aspects of game development. I think developers with rich development experience can find resonance in it. Graphics GEMS provides a full set of five Bible graphics programming books. After reading this set of books, you will understand the differences between scientists and engineers in the computer field. Scientists always say this is theoretically feasible. Engineers will say that to solve the problem within the time limit of logn, I can only give up and simplify the problem. GPU gems came out two NVIDIA companies called for graphics written by gurus. On the day I understood it, I was also in a mood to go to The Siggraph International graphics conference and try my luck. Game Engine programming: 3D Game Engine programming is an explanation of the zfxengine engine design philosophy. It is very practical and has many surprises. 3D game engine design has a lot of theoretical knowledge about mathematics and physics. This is enough. Can you expect more? Artificial Intelligence: AI techniques for game programming describes genetic algorithms and artificial neural networks, mainly used in-place arrays and graph algorithms. The prototype of the book is based on the content posted by the author on the gamedev.net forum. AI game programming wisdom is equivalent to gems of AI programming. PC game programming (man-machine game) is based on a chess program. It introduces many search algorithms, in addition to the common extremely minimal Algorithm and Its Improvement-negative maximum algorithm and deep priority search. It also provides a variety of improved algorithms, such as alpha-Beta, fail-soft alpha-Beta, aspiration search, minimal window search, Zobrist hash, iterative deepening, history heuristic, killer heuristic, SSS *, dual *, MFD and more. it is rare to see a wide array of data. Anti-plug-ins: "encryption and decryption (version 2)" does the steel cracking serial number of the webmaster section of the snow Forum have something to do with anti-plug-ins? However, which two things in the world are irrelevant? Many Martin Fowler of UML Distilled did not really understand UML until they read this book. Martin Fowler is a real master. From the early analysis model to the essence of UML, he proposed revolutionary reconstruction. Later, he wrote a book on enterprise model. I am now leading a software development consulting company. He came to China as an expert at the javaone China conference last year. Personal Website: martinfowler.com: Design Pattern: Design Patterns elements of reusable object-oriented software, design patterns explained, head first design patterns, restructuring three axes: refactoring: improving the design of existing code, refactoring to patterns, refactoring workbook, Software Engineering, that's why I like lightweight. Agile Software development principles, patterns, and practices is a hot topic. Even companies can say agile, but masters won't be so advertising. The second masterpiece of code complete. Mathematics: loss of mathematics and certainty M. klein's original mathematics was just the invention and speculation of mankind, and it was not necessary to enter the temple. He thought that so many scientists (mostly mathematicians) who did not eat fireworks in history had discovered the mysteries of cosmic operation, it's time to go down the altar. Physics: Book 1 of "General Physics" + = "physics for game developers" physics I want to do this. I can use the Newton engine and Ode to make it more complex, on the day of popularization of the physical captcha ppu, you will be able to fully utilize physx. You have seen the latest demo of the "cell division" game, and thousands of boxes are crazy collide, it's time for hardcore players to drool while touching their wallets. Ii. Open-source code: irrlicht's famous ghost engine, which was liked by the lightweight 3D graphics engine at first sight two years ago. The source code is elegant, efficient, and straightforward. It is worth reading by every C ++ programmer, not limited to graphic programmers. There are also a lot of lightweight things around it. Such as lightfeather extension engine, ice, irrlichtrpg, irrwizard. irredit, irrklang, and irrxml are available. (This may be because of efficiency. Many open-source authors prefer to write their own XML parsing libraries, such as the irrxml library above, even if the existing tinyxml library is available. This will make Tomcat plug-in axis and axis plug-in juddi, and make Java Web Service coder as Russian doll toys shame .) The top open-source graphics engine in the Ogre rankings, of course, is of large scale and there are many surrounding areas. In addition to ogrestudio written in C #, ofusion embedding 3DS MAX as a wyswyg-style 3D editor is also awesome, especially in some of its scenarios and terrain plug-ins. So that the book "Pro ogre 3D programming" focuses on its usage. Sohu's tianlong Babu game uses it as a graphics engine. Of course, it has also developed an engine plug-in. I knew there was a Chinese Xie programmer in the Ogre development group who had been doing traditional software programming for many years. The error message of the graphic module of tianlong Babu game contains a list of working directories of a programmer. The folder name is the English name of Xie programmer, I infer that Xie programmer is the main process of Sohu in Beijing. It seems that China has contributed a lot to the open-source business. Wang's efforts will not be wasted! (^-^) However, some of my detection methods are similar to website database brute-force attacks. Raknet's UDI-based network library also supports sound transmission. We will try it out with openvision later. Blender's most prestigious open-source 3D animation software also has a game engine. Although the operation is driven by shortcuts, it requires hundreds of shortcuts to be used. But as a light cavalry threatening 3D business giants from commercial code to open source, after ten years of tempering, the code can reach millions of lines. This code should only be available in the sky, how can it not be used as a long-term source code reference? Wind soul two-dimensional graphics library. The famous masterpiece of Yunfeng. Although it does not represent its highest level (the highest level is saved as the commercial code in the Svn of Netease interaction in Guangzhou), you can also admire it. The swordsmanship hero uploads a two-dimensional RPG. Several authors have become the main programmers of Chengdu jintian. Jin Tian's boss has made a fortune from 1 million, and has been worth more than million yuan in three years. This code can also be used as a student's work a few years ago, because a project is well-rounded and doesn't have to be a brilliant module. I don't have time to write such a stuff. I can't even find an artist. I can only think about cracking others' resources all day (^-^ ). Boost C ++ quasi-standard library. For more information, see learn its source code. Yake is the best lightweight game framework I have ever met. I used to change the graphics engine in a project from irrlicht to ogre. In my opinion, the ogre peripheral project is very swollen, and it looks similar to the Linux kernel without comprehensive documentation. However, this yake engine is quite popular. It uses an FSM finite state machine as the scheduling core of real-time programs, and then each module provides an interface for physics, graphics, networks, scripts, guis, input, and so on, interfaces are then provided to each Open Source engine, and then connected to the specific engine. Through this layer-by-layer abstraction, you can connect to the Newton engine, Ode or pysx, either ogre, crystal space or irrlicht, or raknet or libcurl; it can be python, Lua, or Ruby, cegui, others, OIS, or others. Therefore, yake is not the periphery of ogre. Although all the people who use neoengine turned to it, the version is still very early. In particular, I think that this abstraction must be included in the study. The interfaces of interfaces open the thinking from the specific binding, while the abstraction must be limited during development, as Cai xuexiao said in "Java sleep", oooo (object-oriented allergic obsessive-compulsive disorder) can also be used too frequently ). The quake doom series is said to be classic, and the open-source hacker spirit such as carmark deserves approval. Release the commercial source code and follow the path of innovation to let others pursue it. However, the 3D editor of quake and Unreal Engine is the first of all the editors. Nvidia sdk 9.x is a treasure of 3D graphics programming. These examples of diret3d and OpenGL are used to demonstrate their latest graphics technology. Hardware vendors often don't care much about software products. The source code shows you how to use things for you. After learning it, you have to buy my hardware. The intel compiler and physx physical engine are similar. Will Havok give its Havok physical engine free of charge to others? Not to mention the trial version, not even a demo can be seen. Therefore, the content of this SDK is much more cool than those of the entry-level examples in the MS DirectX SDK. I was lucky enough to know what it was like in March. However, the video card must be so-so. Two or three of my geforce 6600 cannot run well. 3. Website: www.csdn.net programmer base camp. Soft Text and new technology show are annoying. Blogs and communities are the essence. Www.gameres.com game programmer base. There is something in the document library. Will the recipient seabug of the contribution be the same person as the master seabug of the hero of the holy sword? Is there time for a master in Chengdu to maintain the website? I don't know. The website name "Why do you play games?" is a personalized name, And the webmaster came out just a few years ago after the hardships of the early stages of industrial development. Www.66rpg.com has a lot of two-dimensional game image resources. The rpgmaker software promoted by Liu, the webmaster, can also play a game, but it cannot be taken seriously by professional developers. Www.gamedev.net has many enthusiastic foreign experts at the Forum. Www.sourceforge.net Needless to say, the world's largest open-source code library, how can I return to Kingsoft empty-handed? The foreign student projects are just as elegant as they are. (DirectX is a student program in the UK. It is still regarded as unqualified at school .) Www.koders.com source code search engine, supports regular expressions, also available in Google lab. When you cannot write a function, you can check how the open source code is written. Of course, it is only for reference. The open source code may not have the strength of production grade. When it comes to Google, you can read Google power tools Bible, and you will find that many Google products have been widely used. After writing this article for a full day and a half, I couldn't help but admire the long-term hard work of technical writers like Hou Jie. It seems that books or software should respect the intellectual work of the author or programmer.