Linux 2 Unit5

UNIT5 Flexible storage with logical volume management

# # #LVM创建 # #
[email protected] ~]# Mkdir/weixindata # #建立目录
[email protected] ~]# PVCREATE/DEV/VDB1 # #建立pv
Physical VOLUME/DEV/VDB1 NotFound
Can ' t open/dev/vdb1 exclusively. Mounted filesystem?
[email protected] ~]# vgcreate VG0/DEV/VDB1 # #建立vg
Physical VOLUME/DEV/VDB1 NotFound
Physical VOLUME/DEV/VDB1 NotFound
Can ' t open/dev/vdb1 exclusively. Mounted filesystem?
Unable to add physical volume '/dev/vdb1 ' to Volume group ' vg0 '.

[email protected] ~]# mkfs.xfs/dev/vg0
/dev/vg0:no such file or directory
Usage:mkfs.xfs
/* blocksize */[-blog=n|size=num]
/* Metadata */[-M crc=[0|1]
/* Data Subvol */[-dagcount=n,agsize=n,file,name=xxx,size=num,
(Sunit=value,swidth=value|su=num,sw=num|noalign),
Sectlog=n|sectsize=num
/* Force overwrite */[f]
/* Inode size */[-ilog=n|perblock=n|size=num,maxpct=n,attr=0|1|2,
PROJID32BIT=0|1]
/* No Discard */[-K]
/* Log Subvol */[-lagnum=n,internal,size=num,logdev=xxx,version=n
Sunit=value|su=num,sectlog=n|sectsize=num,
LAZY-COUNT=0|1]
/* Label */[-l label (maximum 12characters)]
/* naming */[-nlog=n|size=num,version=2|ci,ftype=0|1]
/* No-op Info only */[-n]
/* Prototype file */[-P fname]
/* Quiet */[-Q]
/* Realtime Subvol */[-R Extsize=num,size=num,rtdev=xxx]
/* SectorSize */[-slog=n|size=num]
/* Version */[-V]
DeviceName
is required unless-d name=xxx is given.
is xxx (bytes), XXXS (sectors), XXXB (fs blocks), XXXK (Xxxkib),
XXXM (xxx MiB), xxxg (xxx GiB), xxxt (xxx TiB) or xxxp (XXX PiB).
is xxx (blocks).
[email protected] ~]# mdadm-d/dev/md0 # #查看设备信息
MDADM:MD device/dev/md0 does not appear to be active.
[email protected] ~]# mdadm-s/dev/md0 # #停止此设备
Mdadm:stopped/dev/md0
[email protected] ~]# mdadm-a/DEV/MD0/DEV/VDB2 # #添加一个新设备
[Email protected] ~]# vgcreate vg0/dev/vdb1
Volume Group "VG0" successfully created
[email protected] ~]# lvcreate-l 300m-n lv0 vg0 # #创建300M的lv0在vg0下
Logical volume "Lv0" created
[email protected] ~]# Mkfs.xfs/dev/vg0/lv0 # #格式化
Meta-data=/dev/vg0/lv0 isize=256 agcount=4,agsize=19200 Blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= Crc=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=76800, imaxpct=25
= Sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
Naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
Log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=853, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 Blks, lazy-count=1
Realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0,rtextents=0
[email protected] ~]# mount/dev/vg0/lv0/weixindata/# #挂载
[Email protected] ~]# ll/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Apr 03:52/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0. /dm-0 # #下面测试结果出现/mapper is the same as/vg0
[email protected] ~]# ll/dev/vg0/lv0
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Apr 03:52/dev/vg0/lv0. /dm-0

Test results

Password:watch-n 1 ' echo ===pvmessage==;p vs;echo===vgmessage===;vgs;echo===lvm Message===;lvs;echo = = =;d F/weixindata '
===pvmessage==
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize pfree
/DEV/VDB1 vg0 lvm2 a--1020.00m 720.00m
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr vsize vfree
Vg0 1 1 0 wz--n-1020.00m 720.00m
LV VG Attr lsize Pool Origin Data
% Move Log Cpy%sync Convert
Lv0 Vg0-wi-ao----300.00m

===
Filesystem 1k-blocks used Available U
Se% mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0 303788 15520 288268
6%/weixindata

# # # #设备拉伸 # #
[email protected] ~]# lvextend-l 900m/dev/vg0/lv0 # #将原设备拉伸为900M
Extending logical volume Lv0 to 900.00MiB
Logical Volume Lv0 successfullyresized
[email protected]tion ~]# xfs_growfs/dev/vg0/lv0 # #文件系统的扩展
Meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0 isize=256 agcount=4,agsize=19200 Blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= Crc=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=76800, imaxpct=25
= Sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
Naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
Log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=853, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 Blks, lazy-count=1
Realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0,rtextents=0
Data blocks changed from 76800 to 230400
[email protected] ~]# lvextend-l 1200m/dev/vg0/lv0 # #继续拉伸为1200
Extending logical volume Lv0 to 1.17GiB
Insufficient free space:75 extentsneeded, if only available///warn of insufficient space left
[email protected] ~]# PVCREATE/DEV/VDB2 # #创建另一个pv
Physical volume "/DEV/VDB2" successfully created
[email protected] ~]# vgextend VG0/DEV/VDB2 # #将另一个pv加入vg中
Volume Group "VG0" successfully extended
[email protected] ~]# lvextend-l 1200m/dev/vg0/lv0 # #继续拉伸
Extending logical volume Lv0 to 1.17GiB
Logical Volume Lv0 successfully resized//tensile success
[email protected] ~]# Xfs_growfs/dev/vg0/lv0 # #文件系统的拉伸
Meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0 isize=256 agcount=12,agsize=19200 Blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= Crc=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=230400, imaxpct=25
= Sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
Naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
Log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=853, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 Blks, lazy-count=1
Realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0,rtextents=0
Data blocks changed from 230400 to 307200


# # #系统的缩减 # #
1) Prepare before shrinking
[email protected] ~]# umount/weixindata/# #卸载
[Email protected] ~]# Mkfs.ext4/dev/vg0/lv0 # #更改文件系统
MKE2FS 1.42.9 (28-dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS Type:linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
76800 inodes, 307200 blocks
15360 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the Super user
First Data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=314572800
Block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
7680 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376,294912

Allocating group Tables:done
Writing Inode Tables:done
Creating Journal (8192 blocks): Done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting Information:done

[email protected] ~]# mount/dev/vg0/lv0/weixindata/# #挂载
[Email protected] ~]# DF # #查看挂载是否成功
Filesystem 1k-blocks used Available use% mounted on
/DEV/VDA1 104739003241020 7232880 31%/
Devtmpfs 927072 0 927072 0%/dev
TMPFS 942660 472 942188 1%/DEV/SHM
Tmpfs 942660 17080 925580 2%/run
Tmpfs 942660 0 942660 0%/sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0 1176704 3600 1095280 1%/weixindata

2) Start shrinking
[email protected] ~]# umount/weixindata/# #卸载
[[email protected] ~]# e2fsck-f/dev/vg0/lv0 # #扫描 (How large the system detects the file system itself)
E2fsck 1.42.9 (28-dec-2013)
Pass 1:checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2:checking directory structure
Pass 3:checking Directory Connectivity
Pass 4:checking Reference counts
Pass 5:checking Group summary Information
/dev/vg0/lv0:11/76800 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 13924/307200 blocks
[email protected] ~]# resize2fs/dev/vg0/lv0 300M # #缩减文件系统为300M
RESIZE2FS 1.42.9 (28-dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on/dev/vg0/lv0 to 76800 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on/dev/vg0/lv0 is now 76800 blocks long.

[email protected] ~]# mount/dev/vg0/lv0/weixindata/# #挂载
[Email protected] ~]# lvreduce-l 300/dev/vg0/lv0 # #缩减设备
Warning:reducing Active and openlogical volume to 300.00 MiB
This May DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystemetc.)
Does really want to reduce lv0? [y/n]: Y
Reducing logical volume Lv0 to 300.00MiB
Logical Volume Lv0 successfullyresized
[email protected] ~]# PVMOVE/DEV/VDB1/DEV/VDB2 # #把设备1信息传给设备2
[Email protected] ~]# vgreduce VG0/DEV/VDB1 # #把vdb1从vg0移除
Removed "/DEV/VDB1" fromvolume Group "vg0"
/dev/vdb1:moved:1.3%
/dev/vdb1:moved:100.0%
[[email protected] ~]# pvremove/dev/vdb1 remove VDB1 from PV
Labels on physical volume "/DEV/VDB1" successfully wiped


# # # #快照 # #
[[email protected] ~]# touch/weixindata/file{1..10}
[Email protected] ~]# ls/weixindata/
file1 file2 file4 file6 file8 lost+found
File10 file3 file5 File7 file9
[email protected] ~]# umount/weixindata/
[Email protected] ~]# cd/weixindata/
[[email protected] weixindata]# ls
[[Email protected] weixindata]# CD
[Email protected] ~]# lvcreate-l 50m-nlv0backup-s/dev/vg0/lv0 # # #创建快照
Rounding up size to full physicalextent 52.00 MiB
Logical volume "Lv0backup" created
[email protected] ~]# mount/dev/vg0/lv0backup/weixindata/
[Email protected] ~]# cd/weixindata/
[[email protected] weixindata]# ls
file1 file2 file4 file6 file8 lost+found
File10 file3 file5 File7 file9
[email protected] weixindata]# RM-FR *
[[email protected] weixindata]# ls
[[Email protected] weixindata]# CD
[Email protected] ~]# umount/weixindata/
[Email protected] ~]# Lvremove/dev/vg0/lvobackup # #删除坏了的快照
One or more specified logical volume (s) is not found.
[email protected] ~]# lvcreate-l 50m-nlv0backup-s/dev/vg0/lv0 # #重新快照
Rounding up size to full physicalextent 52.00 MiB
Logical volume "Lv0backup" already exists in volume group "vg0"
[email protected] ~]# mount/dev/vg0/lv0backup/weixindata/
[Email protected] ~]# ls/weixindata/
file1 file2 file4 file6 file8 lost+found
File10 file3 file5 File7 file9


Guardianship Password:
watch-n 1 ' echo ===pvmessage==; pvs;echo===vgmessage===;vgs;echo===lvmmessage===;lvs;echo = = =;d F/weixindata '

Monitor screen when snapshot is successful:
===pvmessage==
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize pfree
/DEV/VDB2 vg0 lvm2 a--1020.00m 668.00m
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr vsize vfree
VG0 1 2 1 wz--n-1020.00m 668.00m
LV VG Attr lsize Pool Origin
data% Move Log Cpy%sync Convert
Lv0 vg0 owi-a-s---300.00m

Lv0backup vg0 swi-a-s---52.00m lv0
0.00
===
Filesystem 1k-blocks used Available use%
Mounted on
/DEV/VDA1 10473900 3240980 7232920 31%
/

# # # #LVM的删除 # #
[Email protected] ~]# umount/weixindata/# #卸载
[Email protected] ~]# Lvremove/dev/vg0/lv0backup # #删除快照
Do you really want to remove active logical volume Lv0backup? [y/n]: Y
Logical volume "lv0backup" successfully removed
[email protected] ~]# Lvremove/dev/vg0/lv0 # #删除lv0本身
Do you really want to remove active logical volume Lv0? [y/n]: Y
Logical volume "lv0" successfully removed
[[Email protected]tion ~]# vgremove vg0 Delete VG
Volume Group "vg0" successfully removed
[[email protected] ~]# pvremove/dev/vdb2 remove PV
Labels on physical volume "/DEV/VDB2" successfully wiped

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Linux 2 Unit5