Linux _ disk management and linux disk management

Linux _ disk management and linux disk management

I. linux disk management

Ii. Actual operations

[root@hadoop09-linux ~]# fdisk /dev/sdbDevice contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabelBuilding a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x2859532e.Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to         sectors (command 'u').Command (m for help): mCommand action   a   toggle a bootable flag   b   edit bsd disklabel   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag   d   delete a partition   l   list known partition types   m   print this menu   n   add a new partition   o   create a new empty DOS partition table   p   print the partition table   q   quit without saving changes   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel   t   change a partition's system id   u   change display/entry units   v   verify the partition table   w   write table to disk and exit   x   extra functionality (experts only)Command (m for help): nCommand action   e   extended   p   primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 1First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): Using default value 1Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): +10GCommand (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x2859532e   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1               1        1306    10490413+  83  LinuxCommand (m for help): nCommand action   e   extended   p   primary partition (1-4)ePartition number (1-4): 2First cylinder (1307-2610, default 1307): Using default value 1307Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1307-2610, default 2610): Using default value 2610Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x2859532e   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1               1        1306    10490413+  83  Linux/dev/sdb2            1307        2610    10474380    5  ExtendedCommand (m for help): nCommand action   l   logical (5 or over)   p   primary partition (1-4)lFirst cylinder (1307-2610, default 1307): Using default value 1307Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1307-2610, default 2610): +4GCommand (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x2859532e   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1               1        1306    10490413+  83  Linux/dev/sdb2            1307        2610    10474380    5  Extended/dev/sdb5            1307        1829     4200966   83  LinuxCommand (m for help): nCommand action   l   logical (5 or over)   p   primary partition (1-4)lFirst cylinder (1830-2610, default 1830): Using default value 1830Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1830-2610, default 2610): +4GCommand (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x2859532e   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1               1        1306    10490413+  83  Linux/dev/sdb2            1307        2610    10474380    5  Extended/dev/sdb5            1307        1829     4200966   83  Linux/dev/sdb6            1830        2352     4200966   83  LinuxCommand (m for help): mCommand action   a   toggle a bootable flag   b   edit bsd disklabel   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag   d   delete a partition   l   list known partition types   m   print this menu   n   add a new partition   o   create a new empty DOS partition table   p   print the partition table   q   quit without saving changes   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel   t   change a partition's system id   u   change display/entry units   v   verify the partition table   w   write table to disk and exit   x   extra functionality (experts only)Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.[root@hadoop09-linux ~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00062208   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sda1   *           1          39      307200   83  LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2              39        2358    18631680   83  Linux/dev/sda3            2358        2611     2031616   82  Linux swap / SolarisDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x2859532e   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1               1        1306    10490413+  83  Linux/dev/sdb2            1307        2610    10474380    5  Extended/dev/sdb5            1307        1829     4200966   83  Linux/dev/sdb6            1830        2352     4200966   83  Linux[root@hadoop09-linux ~]# rebootBroadcast message from root@hadoop09-linux.ibeifeng.com(/dev/pts/0) at 8:51 ...The system is going down for reboot NOW![root@hadoop09-linux ~]# Connection closed by foreign host.Disconnected from remote host(CentOs_64) at 23:52:01.Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.[d:\~]$ Connecting to 192.168.0.108:22...Connection established.To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.Last login: Wed Sep  7 08:27:29 2016 from 192.168.0.105[root@hadoop09-linux ~]# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x00062208   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sda1   *           1          39      307200   83  LinuxPartition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary./dev/sda2              39        2358    18631680   83  Linux/dev/sda3            2358        2611     2031616   82  Linux swap / SolarisDisk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk identifier: 0x2859532e   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1               1        1306    10490413+  83  Linux/dev/sdb2            1307        2610    10474380    5  Extended/dev/sdb5            1307        1829     4200966   83  Linux/dev/sdb6            1830        2352     4200966   83  Linux[root@hadoop09-linux ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb6mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)Filesystem label=OS type: LinuxBlock size=4096 (log=2)Fragment size=4096 (log=2)Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks262944 inodes, 1050241 blocks52512 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super userFirst data block=0Maximum filesystem blocks=107793612833 block groups32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group7968 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736Writing inode tables: done                            Creating journal (32768 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: doneThis filesystem will be automatically checked every 34 mounts or180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.[root@hadoop09-linux ~]# mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/[root@hadoop09-linux ~]# df -hFilesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda2              18G  2.5G   15G  15% /tmpfs                 495M   72K  495M   1% /dev/shm/dev/sda1             291M   33M  243M  12% /boot/dev/sdb6             4.0G  137M  3.7G   4% /mnt

Permanent mounting

[root@hadoop09-linux ~]# vi /etc/fstab ## /etc/fstab# Created by anaconda on Fri Sep  2 08:10:36 2016## Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info#UUID=517d46c1-d4c6-41ba-94f7-b0cac93f178b /                       ext4    defaults        1 1UUID=75090abd-0581-411d-863a-73d735fb90df /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2UUID=25865ffd-404c-49c2-afba-374d7a5a81df swap                    swap    defaults        0 0tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0/etc/sdb6               /mnt                    ext4    defaults        0 0