Linux Administration catalog File command summary

I. Common commands for file and directory management

Directory operation commands:pwd,cd,ls,mkdir,du,

File Operations Command:

Touch,file,cp,RM,MV,which,find,Ln

File Content Operations Command:

Cat,more,less,head,tail,WC,grep

Archive and Compress commands:

Gzip,bzip2,tar

because the directory belongs to a special file in a Linux system, many commands that operate on the file also apply to the directory.

Ii. specific usage of the order

1.pwd Command

Purpose: View working directory

How to use: enter PWD directly at the command line . The PWD command is generally used alone, without paying special attention to the command format.

2.CD Command

Purpose: Switch working directory

format:CD [ directory location ]

The directory location (file location) can use an absolute path, or you can use a relative path.

The CD command specifies "-" as a parameter, which means switching to the same directory as the previous step

3.ls command

Purpose: List displays directory contents

format:ls[ option ] ... [ directory or file name ]

Common Command options:
-L: Display in long format

-A: Displays information about all subdirectories and files, including hidden files

-D: Displays the properties of the directory itself

-a: similar to "-a", but not realistic ". "and". the information for the directory

-H: Display informationin more readable byte units (K,M , etc.)

-r: The contents of thefirst return display

--color: Distinguish different types of files by color

4.mkdir Command

Purpose: Create a new directory

format:mkdir[-p] [ path ] directory name

the mkdir command is used to create a new empty directory, and you can create multiple directories at the same time

The-p option creates a nested multi-tiered directory structure that can only be created in a directory that already exists if you do not use the-P option.

5.du command

Usage: Statistical catalogue and space occupancy of documents

format:du [ options ] ... [ directory or file name ]

Common Command options:

-A: All files are included in the statistics, not just the statistics directory

-H: Display informationin more readable byte units (K,M , etc.)

-S: Counts the total amount of space occupied by each parameter

The "-s""-H" option of the du command istypically used together to count the total size of the specified file

6.Touch Command

Purpose: Create a new empty folder, or update the file time stamp

format:touch file name ...

7.File command

Purpose: View File types

format:file file name ...

8.CP Command

Purpose: Copy files or directories

format:CP [ options ] ...   source file or directory ... destination file or directory

Common Command Options

-R: Copy entire directory tree first

-P: Keep the properties of the source file unchanged

-F: Force overwrite the target file or directory with the same name

-I: reminders when files or directories need to be overwritten

9.RM Command

Purpose: Delete files or directories

format:rm [ options ] ... file or directory

Common Command Options

-F: Forcibly deleting files or directories without reminders

-I: Remind users to confirm when deleting files or directories

-R: Recursively delete entire directory tree

RM-RF(Universe Invincible First delete command) when this command executes without any hint, delete the file or the entire directory tree directly, you should use it carefully

Ten,MV command

Purpose: Move a file or directory (if the target location and source file location is the same, the equivalent of renaming

format:mv [ options ] ...  source file or directory ... destination folder or directory

If you need to move multiple files or directories, the target must be a directory

One,which command

Purpose: Find the linux command file and display the location (the search scope is specified by the PATH environment variable)

format:which command or program name

perform "echo $PATH" To see what the PATH variable specifies

Thefind command

Purpose: Used to find files or directories

format:find [ look in] [ find criteria ]

Common search criteria:
-name: Find by file name

-size: Find by File size

-user: Search by file owner

-type: Find by File type

The current directory is used as the lookup scope when the default lookup range

Find by name: keyword "-name", based on the target file part name lookup, allow the use of * and? Wildcard characters

Find by file size: The keyword is "-size", based on the part of the target file name lookup, generally use the "+","-" number set to more than or less than the specified size as the search criteria. Common capacity units include K(note is lowercase). M,G

TheHead command

Purpose: View part of the beginning of the file (default is ten lines)

format:head-n file name

Tail command

Purpose: View a small portion of the end of a file (default is ten lines)

format:tail-n file name

Tail-f file name

WC command

Purpose: Statistics The number of words in the file and other information

format:WC [ options ] ... target file ...

Common Command options:

-L: Count rows

-W: Count the number of words

-C: Statistics of bytes

The.grep Command

Purpose: Finds and displays the line containing the specified string in the file

format:grep [ options ] ...   Find Criteria target file

Common Command options:

-I: Ignore case when finding

-V: Reverse lookup, output rows that do not match the lookup criteria

Find conditional settings

The string to find is enclosed in double quotation marks.

"^..." indicates that ..... Beginning, "... $"means to ... End

"^$" indicates a blank line

bZIP,gzip command,

Purpose: Make compressed files, unpack compressed files

format:gzip [-9] file name ...

bZIP [-9] file name ...

gzip-d. GZ format for compressed files

bzip2-d compressed files in *.bz2 format

Common Command Options

-9: High compression ratio, more when creating a compressed package

-D: Used to unlock files that have been compressed

Tar command

Purpose: Make compressed files, unpack compressed files

Purpose: Make archive files, release archive files

format: tar [ options ] ...  Archive file name source file or directory

tar [ options ] ...  Archive file name [-C target directory ]

Common Command Options

-c(lowercase): Create A package file in . tar format

-X: Unpack package files in . tar format

-V: Output details

-F: Indicates the use of an archive file

-P(uppercase): Preserve the permissions of Yuanshi files and directories while packaging

-T: List view files in package

-P(lowercase) keeps the properties of the original file unchanged

-C (uppercase): Specifies the target folder to release when unpacking

-Z: Call the GZIP program for compression or decompression

-j: Call bzip2 program for compression or decompression

This article is from the "Forward Linux Notes" blog, so be sure to keep this source http://momodeqianxing.blog.51cto.com/9041985/1426718