Linux basic commands

• Explanation of the command line

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Root indicates the current operator's identity

Desktop: represents the current changer, which indicates that the administrator is in the desktop environment.

$ # # identity prompt,# represents Superuser,$ represents a normal user

Foundation0 # # host name

2) Virtual machine open,rht-vmctl ...

is in the user (student) identity landing, generally start with start , in the view can be displayed

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3) Switch User,

after logging in as a user (student) and switching to root(admin), you need to enter your password at this time .

The administrator does not need to enter a password when switching to the user.

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4)whatis command (whatis+ unknown command)

The literal meaning is easy to understand,the Whatis command is used to view the function of this unknown command,

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5) help command (Unknown command --help)

The Help command is used to see the parameters of an unknown command and the meaning of the parameters, it is convenient to view the time

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take date as an example,[option] ... indicates the parameters that can be followed (-xxx), plus the number of days, such as

Date–d 10day, you need to be aware of the middle of the space.

6) shutdown and restart

in the It is correct to use command both to control the shutdown and restart of the computer under the Linux environment.

shutdown:poweroff | Init0 | Shutdown-h now

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shutdown:poweroff | Init0 | Shutdown-h now

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7)Date command

Date is used to view all information about the time, and the first-off parameters are mentioned in the above content,

demonstrates the use of date itself and the effect of using a parameter

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This is found after passing the date–-help, there can be more kinds of output format. In this part of a swoop.

8)passwd command

This is the command about the password, Linux under the strict password change, must be guaranteed not less than 8 digits, can not have consecutive numbers or characters, which also guarantees the security of the password problem. For example, when you change the password, you commit the problem.

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There is also a passwd command in the administrator perspective is widely used, by using this command as root can directly modify the user's password, and can speak the user's password permission to modify, For example, the following is the effect of locking and unlocking the user's password through an administrator.

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Unlock

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Passwd–s + username can display information about the password, such as

-N 1 Student # # set password minimum expiration

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Passwd-x Student # # # Set Password is valid for up to a maximum of

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Passwd-w Student # # password expires temporarily can also use, daily reminders, a total of warning (a bit exaggerated!) The default is one day in advance so yes -1)

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Passwd–i 2 Student # # set user inactive days to 2

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9) Tab key use ( the table key in the system can automatically complement the existing command, file name and some command parameters)

For example , the effect of a+tab+tab display.

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processing commands for files

Head–n + file name (view the first n rows of a file )

If you do not enter a value of N, the default is 10

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Tail-n + file name (do not enter N value default ten)

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and less filename paging, press "Q" to exit (when the file content is a lot of time you can use this command to support paging view )

Cat filename Displays the full contents of the file

One)history Command

! Number (after completing the history , you can display commands that have recently been executed, which is available!) Number to complete the View History command)

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Clear History command:history-c

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WC Statistics file capacity information

Wc-l number of rows

-W Words

-C byte number (b)

-M character Count

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use Ctrl+r to enter the view mode and enter the command you want to view in any one letter to show the commands you have used recently.

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for Beginners Linux, it is necessary to master some shortcut keys, and then share some of the shortcuts used under Linux.

around # # One character moves one character

CTRL + around # # A word moves a word

CTRL + A # # cursor moves to the beginning of the line

+ E # # cursor moves to end of line

+ U # # cursor position deleted to beginning of line

+ k # # cursor position deleted to end of line

+ r+ keyword # # Bring up the most recent command with a keyword

+ C # # undo to enter the command

+ D # # Close the current environment

+l # # Empty screen

+shift + C # # copy

+shift + V # # Paste

+ SHIFT + t # # re- open a table in an existing shell

+shift + N # # open a new shell in the shell

+ SHIFT + Pageup|pagedown # # Toggle Table

+ ALT + L # # lock Screen

+ ALT + on | next # # Switch Work Interface

+ ALT + F1|f7 # # Enter the graphical interface

+ ALT + F2-f6 # # Enter Virtual Console

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Linux basic commands