Linux Basic Instructions

Root Administrator Gold 3 rm-rf/*
Administrator Administrator US President

1. System Information CPU model hard disk how much memory how big kernel information
[email protected] ~]#
"Who am I @ host name current directory" #高级管理员身份 $ normal User
CAT/PROC/CPUINFO:CPU Model Info
Cat/proc/meminfo: Memory Size
Fdisk-l: Hard Drive information
/DEV/SD (interface type U stat SAS) A (First hard drive) (HDD name) 42.9G
Uname-r See kernel version
Minor version number has a feature (odd development version even stable version)

2. Main structure of the system
/system's starting directory several subdirectories (dark blue)
Commands that/bin administrators and ordinary users can perform
/sbin Administrator Execution
/etc configuration file
/dev Device (device)/DEV/SDA (all files) equipment file storage directory
/boot master boot directory kernel in this directory
Home directory for a normal user (in this directory when the user is born (logged in))
/root Administrator's Home directory
Mount directory for/mnt Mount (mount) temporary devices
/tmp temporary file storage directory
/USR installation directory for third-party software GNU Community
/var constant file store directory log file
/proc Task Process

3. Learn the system files by color
The dark blue is a catalogue that can be accessed by CD
Green executable file is green (script command Word)
Light blue Symbolic Link (shortcut)
Black Normal file Black
Red Compressed file
Black bottom yellow Word device file
Purple picture file

Task: Confirm which directory in the root/all subdirectories is the most dark blue file in this folder?
CD pwd ls

/proc Process Storage directory (does not occupy the directory where the process state is saved in hard disk space memory)

command structure for 4.linux systems
Command word "Options" "File or directory"

The contents in brackets are optional

Change the difference between additions and deletions
Add File Add Directory
Touch create file with new file time stamp
mkdir make directory build directory-p recursion

Delete Remove
Rm-f Force Delete
-R Recursive Delete

Modify File Contents
Gedit Text Editor

View
LS cat-n line number display
More paging View file contents Q Exit View space is page flip

MV Move (cut) Rename file
CP Copy Copy (directory is not allowed to copy directly)-R
CTRL + L Clear Screen
Historical History Command Record

Practice:
1. Creating a file named Student in the/TMP directory requires the file to be written to "happy"
2. Creating a directory named Class in the/TMP directory requires the student file to be cut into class
3. Copy the class directory from the/tmp directory to the/OPT directory
4. Link the student file in the class directory in the/OPT directory to the desktop by using a symbolic link to display the contents of the file by double-clicking
/opt/class/student file
Ln-s Source File Link file

The difference between an absolute path and a relative path

Part Two basic commands
How to track log changes tail
How to count the Space du in a catalog
Alias which DF gzip bzip2 tar vim = = VI
Software Installation in the system

Linux Basic Instructions