Linux Basics 99 Q (i) _unix Linux

1. What is Linux?

Linux is an exotic operating system that is born on the web, growing up on the web, and ripe for networking. In 1991, Finnish college student Linus Torvalds The idea of developing a free UNIX operating system, when Linux was born, to keep the fledgling operating system from dying, Linus to publish its own work Linux over the Internet. Since then, a large number of well-known, unknown computer hackers, programmers to join the development process, Linux gradually grew up.

Linux started out by requiring all the source code to be publicly available, and no one could profit from the Linux deal. However, the ideal of pure free software is detrimental to the popularity and development of Linux, so Linux starts to turn to the GPL and become a major member of the GNU camp.

Now, with excellent design, exceptional performance, coupled with the strong support of IBM, INTEL, CA, CORE, Oracle and other internationally renowned enterprises, the market share has gradually expanded and become one of the mainstream systems.

2. What is free software?

Since 1984, MIT has been supporting the "world's last Hacker" Richard Stallman to launch the free software movement in the software development community, thus creating the Free Software Foundation FSF, the GPL and the GNU Project, opening the preface to the Free Software revolution.

The GPL, the general Public License agreement, is antithetical to the traditional commercial software license agreement, and is dubbed copyleft. The GPL guarantees that anyone has the freedom to share and modify free software. Anyone has the right to acquire, modify and redistribute the source code of the free software, and to provide the source code of the free software without adding additional charges. It also stipulates that the derivative works of free software must be issued under the GPL as its republishing license agreement.

The goal of the GNU project is to create a freely available, portable Unix-like system.

3. What are the advantages of Linux technically?

1 provides advanced network support: Built-in TCP/IP protocol;

2 The real sense of multitasking, multi-user system;

3 compatible with UNIX system at source level, compliant with IEEE POSIX standards;

4) The core can simulate the FPU;

5 support Dozens of kinds of file system format;

6 full operation in the protection mode, make full use of CPU performance;

7 Open source code, users can improve their system;

8 The use of advanced memory management mechanism, more effective utilization of physical memory;

4. Do I need to learn Linux?


Computer Beginners: It is strongly recommended that you stay away from the configuration, management are quite cumbersome Linux, to embrace windows of the user-friendly graphical interface;

Word Processor: The development of windows for many years, has developed a set of "WYSIWYG" word processing software, it is not worth the black and white on the VI rivalry;

Programming Enthusiasts: Linux source code is completely open, is the gospel of programming enthusiasts. Is it not your wish to dissect the kernel? How about, try it!

Network administrator: Embrace Linux. According to the authority evaluation, Linux in the same Configuration machine Network Service efficiency is NT 1.8 times times, and still free, the boss will certainly laugh.

In short, if you have one of the following conditions, embrace Linux:

1 to programming have crazy love, always like to use the program to solve the problem;

2 has a strong spirit of research, like to explore the problem;

3 The people who are interested in constructing the network server;

4 Your PC is old fashioned, running Windows like a snail;

5 want to learn and understand Unix as a system;

6 extremely disgusted with Windows blue screen crash;

7 people who don't want to spend money and want to use genuine software.

Will 5.Linux replace Windows 9x?

Computer in the application can be divided into desktop applications (workstation/client) and server applications, desktop applications directly to customers, to achieve a number of personalized work; The server application is some background processing system, to achieve some common service work. For desktop applications, ease of use is very important, and for the server, the performance of reliable, stable is more important.

So the reliable, stable UNIX system designed for the server and the user interface friendly Windows 9x system designed for the desktop system have long been the mainstream system.

Linux system is a UNIX-like system, its design on the stability of the consideration of more than ease of use, it is not a desktop system, it is not to replace the desktop system appears. So Linux does not replace Windows 9x.

6.Linux and windowsnt who better?

WindowsNT System is Microsoft to enter the server as a tool for the system, the design of the system to meet the requirements of the server under the premise of integration into the Windows 9x graphical interface advantages, making it easy to use, by users like, its market share has been rising.

However, the cost of the graphical interface, so that the efficiency of the system has been reduced, so it is suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises, individual users, the performance requirements are not strictly optional occasions.

Linux, however, is suitable for applications that emphasize performance metrics and require little user interface.

What is the difference between 7.Linux and UNIX?

Linux is also a member of the Unix family, and it has many features that are the same as UNIX, and the biggest difference between them is the following two points:

1 Unix systems are mostly matched with hardware, while Linux can be run on a variety of hardware platforms;

2 UNIX is commercial software, and Linux is free software, free, open source code.

8.Linux can be used in what areas?

1 education field: Design advanced, open source code These two characteristics make Linux become the handled of the system class;

2 network server domain: Stable, robust, low system requirements, strong network function makes Linux become the first choice of Internet Server System, now has reached 25% of the share;

3 Intranet: You can set up e-mail server, WWW server, proxy server, transparent gateway and router with low input;

4 Video Production field: The famous "Titanic" is a collaboration between more than 200 Linux to complete the special effects of the effect.


9.Linux system development Status and future how?


At the LinuxWorld conference in 2000, it became clear that the community's support for free systems was greatly enhanced, especially as many hardware vendors, such as IBM, HP and Dell, joined the Linux sector, which greatly facilitated the development of this system.

Although, now a variety of complex Linux distributions, each for the array, reducing the overall fighting power of Linux. But the industry believes that different distributions will eventually produce a fragmented market, with each version focusing on more professional things.

Linux as a system through the market after the baptism, will certainly create greater brilliance.

What impact does 10.Linux have on the software industry?

First, the program is the crystallization of the programmer's thinking, is the common culture of mankind. Later, Microsoft's founder, Bill Gates, created a whole new software industry model: programs are paid for, and the source program is the intellectual property of programmers, and needs to be protected. The software business model created the Microsoft Empire and also pushed Bill to the top of the world's richest place.

If Microsoft's Windows has made a big contribution to the world, it will also bring monopoly and stink to the development of the software industry. The Free software FSF organization is trying to break this pattern through the GNU project, once again allowing everyone to share the crystallization----source code of the programmer's ideas.

and Linux to join, making free software organizations more fighting, it turns out, it does have a far-reaching impact on the current software industry. At the same time, the unique development of Linux has provided valuable experience for the innovation of software industry.

11. How do I learn Linux?

1 Read more Linux books, such as "Linux Encyclopedia", "RedHat Linux Mystery", "Linux System Management white paper" and so on;

2 Dare to try, often use Linux, learn Linux from the practice, do not be afraid of "try again";

3 often through the network and Linux enthusiasts to communicate with each other, improve themselves.