Linux CD use, RPM package, yum software Warehouse installation and use

I. Use of CD-ROM files

1,rhel5 (x86_64) disc structure

Cluster//Cluster binary package

Clusterstorage//Cluster file system binary package

Binary package products for server//Core servers

VT//Virtualized binary package

Image //boot and Driver disk image

Isolinux //Image boot file

2. Mount the disc (insert the disc)

/dev/cdrom =/dev/hdc optical Drive device file

#umount/dev/cdrom unmount disc using

#mount/dev/cdrom/media/ mounted discs use

#ls/media/ to view the contents of a disc

Second, RPM package management

1,rpm Database files

/var/lib/rpm

2. Query the installed RPM package information

RPM-Q Package Name query Specifies whether the package is installed

RPM-QA Query system has installed all the packages

Rpm-qa | grep package name query What packages are currently installed on the system that are related to the package name

RPM-QI Package name Query the details of the installed package

RPM-QL Package name query where the installed packages are installed

RPM-QC Package name query software-generated configuration file

3, query a directory or the file is generated by which RPM package

The absolute path of the Rpm-qf file is queried by which package the file is generated

4, query the RPM installation files to be installed (the RPM package is first uploaded to/root/desktop)

RPM-QPI Full package name query for details about software not installed

RPM-QPL Full package name Query does not install the file path to install the software

5. Verify the Installed Packages

Rpm-v software name

-VF file path

-va Lists all files in the system that have been modified since the RPM installation

S: File Size

M: Permission or type

5:MD5 Checksum

D: Device number

L: Number of links

U: User

G: Group

T: Time

6, import the official public key

RPM--import/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-redhat-release

7, install and upgrade rpm

Rpm-i Installation

- u upgrade

- F Upgrade (old version does not install new edition)

- v Show Detail information

- H to # Displays the installation progress

--force Mandatory Installation

8, uninstall

RPM-E Package Name

If uninstall appears specifies multiple packages

Can rpm-e--allmatches--nodeps package Name

9, dependency

Second, configure the Yum library and update operations

1,yum Overview

Software update mechanism based on RPM package to automatically resolve software dependencies

2,yum Warehouse Format

Local: file://

Network: ftp://or/HTTP

3,yum Warehouse configuration file

/etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo

4,yum Client Operations

Yum

List View package lists

Search to view package names or describe important keywords

Info View description information for the package, similar to Rpm-qi

Install the specified package, similar to Rpm-i

Update Upgrades the specified package, similar to Rpm-f

Remove Uninstalls the specified package, similar to RPM-E

Provides view file generated by that package, similar to RPM-QF

--nogpgcheck does not validate GPG signatures

5, clear local Yum cache (/var/cache/yum)

Yum Clean All

6, basic operation of software group

Yum

Grouplist Viewing a list of software groups

GroupInfo Viewing software group description information

Groupinstall Installing the specified software group

Groupupdate upgrading software groups

Groupremove Uninstalling software groups

I. Use of CD-ROM files

How to access the data inside the RHEL5.9 disc?

The first method:

1, first put rhel5.9iso, ensure the power OK

2, first Uninstall

[[email protected] ~]# ls-l/dev/cdrom//view/dev/cdrom connection path

[[email protected] ~]# umount/dev/cdrom//unmount disc

[[email protected] ~]# ls/media///view content in/media directory

3. Manual Mounting

[[email protected] ~]# mount/dev/cdrom/media///Attach/dev/cdrom to/media directory

4. Testing

[email protected] ~]# Mount | grep hdc//

[[email protected] ~]# ls/media///view content in/media directory

The second method:

1, first put rhel5.9iso, ensure the power OK

2. Enter the/MISC/CD directory

[[email protected] ~]# ls/misc///view content in/misc directory

[[email protected] ~]# cd/misc/cd///Switch to/MISC/CD path (trigger default mount)

Second, RPM package management

1, before the installation of the query

[[email protected] ~]# ls-ld/var/lib/rpm///view properties of/var/lib/rpm in long format (path of RPM library)

[[email protected] ~]# rpm-q bash//Check if bash is installed

[[email protected] ~]# RPM-QA//See the number of installed packages in all RPM libraries

[Email protected] ~]# Rpm-qa | Less//use less to view content in the RPM library

[Email protected] ~]# Rpm-qa | Wc-l//Statistics The number of rows in the RPM library

[[email protected] ~]# RPM-QA *ftp* //Find installed *ftp*-related installation packages in RPM library

[Email protected] ~]# Rpm-qa | grep ftp//Find installed *ftp*-related installation packages in the RPM library

[[email protected] ~]# rpm-q Firefox//view the installed Firefox information in the RPM library

2. Information query of installed software

[[email protected] ~]# Rpm-qi Firefox//View the details of the installed Firefox

[Email protected] ~]# RPM-QL Bash | More//view installed bash installation manifest in the more viewer

[[email protected] ~]# RPM-QC bash//View configuration information in the installed bash manifest

[[email protected] ~]# rpm-qf/etc/passwd//production see/ETC/PASSWD Related installation package

3, not install the Software information query

[[email protected] ~]# cd/media/server///If you can't go back and mount it

[[email protected] server]# ls *lynx*//Find a *lynx*-compliant installation package

[[email protected] server]# rpm-q Lynx//Check Lynx for installation

[[email protected] server]# Rpm-qi Lynx//View Lynx details (full installation package name)

[[email protected] server]# RPM-QPI Lynx//View details of the non-installed Lynx (full installation package name)

[[email protected] server]# rpm-qpi lynx-2.8.5-28.1.el5_2.1.x86_64.rpm //View details of the Lynx not installed

[[email protected] server]# RPM-QPL lynx-2.8.5-28.1.el5_2.1.x86_64.rpm //View Installation checklist for an installed Lynx

[[email protected] server]# rpm-qpc lynx-2.8.5-28.1.el5_2.1.x86_64.rpm //View the configuration file for the Lynx not installed

[[email protected] server]# RPM-QPD lynx-2.8.5-28.1.el5_2.1.x86_64.rpm //View documentation file for Lynx not installed

4. Installation and uninstallation of software

[[email protected] server]# ls *lynx* *iptraf*//List of installation packages that meet *lynx* *iptraf*

[[email protected] server]# rpm-q Iptraf Lynx//check if Iptraf and Lynx are installed

[Email protected] server]# RPM-IVH lynx-2.8.5-28.1.el5_2.1.x86_64.rpm iptraf-3.0.0-5.el5.x86_64.rpm // Installing the RPM installation package

[[email protected] server]# rpm-q Iptraf Lynx//check if Iptraf and Lynx are installed

[[email protected] server]# rpm-e Iptraf Lynx//uninstall Iptraf and Lynx

[[email protected] server]# rpm-q Iptraf Lynx//check if Iptraf and Lynx are installed

[[email protected] server]# which VI vim//Check the storage location of VI and VIM

[[email protected] server]# Rm/bin/vi/usr/bin/vim//delete/bin/vi/usr/bin/vim

[[email protected] server]# vim/etc/passwd//Open with VIM editor/etc/passwd

[[email protected] server]# vi/etc/passwd//Open/etc/passwd with VI Editor

[[email protected] server]# Rpm-qf/bin/vi/usr/bin/vim//view these two directories and which installation package about

[[email protected] server]# rpm-q vim-minimal vim-enhanced//Check if Vim-minima and vim-enhanced are installed

[[email protected] server]# ls *vim-minimal* *vim-enhanced*//check for *vim-minismal* and *vim-enhanced* installation packages

[Email protected] server]# RPM-IVH--force vim-enhanced-7.0.109-7.2.el5.x86_64.rpm vim-minimal-7.0.109-7.2.el5.x86_ 64.rpm

Install RPM installation Package (Force install/overwrite installation)

[[email protected] server]# vim/etc/passwd//Check to see if the Vim editor is available

5. Verification integrity of software

[[email protected] server]# rpm-v bash//Verify the integrity of the Bash installation package

[[email protected] server]# rpm-qf/etc/passwd//check/etc/passwd this directory and which installation package about

[[email protected] server]# rpm-v setup//Verify the integrity of Setup package

[[email protected] server]# rpm-vf/etc/passwd//Verify/ETC/PASSWD What this path has changed

[[email protected] server]# rpm-qf/etc/printcap//Check/etc/printcap this directory and which installation package about

[[email protected] server]# Rpm-va//Check the integrity of all installation packages

6, Import software official signature file

[[email protected] server]# rpm-q Lynx//Check if Lynx is installed

[[email protected] server]# rpm-e Lynx//Uninstall Lynx

[[email protected] server]# RPM-IVH lynx-2.8.5-28.1.el5_2.1.x86_64.rpm//install Lynx

[[email protected] server]# ls-l/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-redhat-release //View the official signature file path

[[Email protected] server]# rpm--import/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-redhat-release //Import official signature file

[[email protected] server]# rpm-e Lynx//Uninstall Lynx

[[email protected] server]# RPM-IVH lynx-2.8.5-28.1.el5_2.1.x86_64.rpm //install Lynx

7. Resolve Installation Software dependencies

[[email protected] server]# ls *bind-chroot*//View *bind-chroot* about the installation package

[[email protected] server]# rpm-q bind-chroot//See if Bind-chroot is installed

[[email protected] server]# RPM-IVH bind-chroot-9.3.6-20.p1.el5_8.5.x86_64.rpm//Installation Bind-chroot

error:failed dependencies:

[[email protected] server]# rpm-q bind//See if BIND is installed

[[email protected] server]# ls bind*//view installation package related to bind*

[[email protected] server]# RPM-IVH bind-9.3.6-20.p1.el5_8.5.x86_64.rpm//install bind

[[email protected] server]# RPM-IVH bind-chroot-9.3.6-20.p1.el5_8.5.x86_64.rpm //Installation Bind-chroot

[[email protected] server]# rpm-q bind bind-chroot//See if Bind and Bind-chroot are installed

bind-9.3.6-20.p1.el5_8.5

bind-chroot-9.3.6-20.p1.el5_8.5

Third, configure the Yum library and update

Build a local software repository

1, put RHEL5.9 ISO, ensure the Power OK (/MISC/CD)

Client Configuration

[[email protected] ~]# cd/etc/yum.repos.d///Switch to/ETC/YUM.REPOS.D directory

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ls//List Contents

Rhel-debuginfo.repo

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cp Rhel-debuginfo.repo Rh-server5.9.repo//copy yum template

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cat Rh-server5.9.repo //View the contents of the document

##########################################################

Correct configuration of document format

[Rh-server]

name=red Hat Enterprise Linux Server

Baseurl=file:///misc/cd/server

Enabled=1

Gpgcheck=1

Gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-redhat-release

###########################################################

Test:

[email protected] ~]# Yum Clean all

[Email protected] ~]# Rpm-qa |wc-l

[email protected] ~]# Yum List | Wc-l

Use of the Yum command

[[email protected] ~]# Yum list vsftpd//view VSFTPD Package list

[[email protected] ~]# Yum search vsftpd//view VSFTPD package name

[[email protected] ~]# Yum info firefox//view Firefox details

[[email protected] ~]# rpm-q httpd//See if HTTPD is installed

[[email protected] ~]# yum-y install httpd//Installation httpd

[[email protected] ~]# rpm-q httpd//See if HTTPD is installed

[[email protected] ~]# yum-y remove httpd//delete httpd

[email protected] ~]# Yum provides/etc/passwd //

Operation of the Yum package group

[Email protected] ~]# lang=en

[[email protected] ~]# Yum grouplist//view software group list

[[email protected] ~]# Yum groupinfo "Web Server"//view details of webserver software group

[[email protected] ~]# yum groupinstall "Web Server"//install webserver software group

[[email protected] ~]# yum groupremove "Web Server"//uninstall webserver software Group

[[email protected] ~]# yum-y groupinstall "GNOME Desktop Environment" "X Window System"//Install graphics environment

[email protected] ~]# Yum groupinstall "Development Libraries" "Development Tools"