Linux Cloud Computing Cluster Architecture Learning notes: 1-2 directory structure of files

Basic file management and XFS file system backup Recovery

• 1.1 Linux system directory structure, relative/absolute path.
• 1.2 Create/copy/delete files, RM-RF/accidents
• 1.3 View File Contents
• 1.4 XFS File system backup and Recovery

In Windows files on disk like, and in Linux everything is a file, there is no concept of disk, this is

Linux differs from Windows, and devices are considered files

1.1.1 Linux System directory structure

//home/root/dev/usr/etc/boot/lib/var/tmp/proc/bin/sbin

1. / is commonly referred to as the root partition. The starting point for all files and directories. Only the root user has write access to this directory.

2./etc configuration file contains the configuration files for all applications, and also contains scripts to start and close a particular program .

For example,/etc/passwd,/etc/init.d/network and so on.

3./boot stores the files that the Linux system needs to load when booting. Kernel, grub and other files are stored here.

4./var is an extensible directory that contains very often variable files.

For example,/var/log (System log),/var/lib (Pack documentation pieces)

5./root admin all data. Root user's home directory

6./tmp Temporary file storage location cannot hold important data

7./usr usr represents the UNIX software source/usr/src source code directory

8./bin Command This directory contains a binary executable file.

9. /sbin system commands, the commands in this directory are intended for use by system administrators for system maintenance.

A./ dev contains device files.

in Linux, everything is considered a file. Terminal devices, disks, and so on are all considered files. such as/DEV/SDA.

Home/Home general user all data is stored in this directory

/proc This directory is a virtual directory, it is a mapping of system memory, we can access this directory directly to obtain system information.

View our memory information, CPU information

Cat/proc/meminfo | grep "Mem"

Cat/proc/cpuinfo

/lib Storage System library files

lib***.a is a static library

Lib***.so is a dynamic library

　　Static libraries are loaded into binary files at compile time

　　Dynamic libraries are loaded into the process's memory space at run time

　　Simply put, these libraries are meant to allow your program to compile and run properly.

It acts like a. dll file in Windows. These shared libraries are required for almost all applications.

Summary:

· In most cases, the local administrator installs additional software under the/usr/local directory and signs the main execution program that is connected under/usr/local/bin.

• All settings of the system are in/etc directory.

• Do not modify any content in the root directory ("/") or/usr directory,

Catalogs are best aligned with Linux publishing.

• Most tools and applications are installed in the directory:/bin,/usr/sbin,/sbin,

• All files are under a single directory tree. There is no so-called "driver".

Linux Cloud Computing Cluster Architecture Learning notes: 1-2 directory structure of files