Linux Common commands

Source: Internet
Author: User
Tags bz2 chmod clear screen unpack

1. Command Prompt
[email protected] ~]#
        
Root: User name
localhost: host name
~: Represents the path, which represents the home path of the current user
Home path for Super admin:/root/
home path for normal users:/home/user name/
#: Identity, Super admin
$: Normal user

                    
2. PWD (print working directories): Print the current working directory
Man pwd View Help documentation
pwd [parameter]
-L View logical Path
-P View physical path (valid when viewing hyperlinks folder)
        
3. LS (list): Displays a list of files and directories
Man ls view Help documentation
        
Clear Screen: ctrl+l or clear

syntax format: ls [parameter] [file path]
-A: Lists all list information that contains hidden files
-L: Long format display of file information
-H: Display information in a format that people can read (the size of the file is displayed in units)
-R: Recursive presentation of file information

        
4. mkdir (Make Directories): Common New file Directories
- P: Create a multilevel directory
-V: Displays procedural information for command execution

5. CD (change directory): Switch directory
relative path: Determines the current location by referencing the current path
absolute path: Starting from the root directory/
                
CD ~: Go to home directory
CD: Go to home directory
CD-: Go to the last directory
CD: Enter the top level directory
CD. : Enter current directory (refresh current directory)
        
6. RmDir (Remove empty directories): Delete Empty directory
- P: Delete Multilevel directory
-V: Displays procedural information for command execution

7. Touch: Generate an empty file
Create a new file and refresh the file's modified time if the file exists
the name of the stat file: View the file's specific property information

8. RM (remove): Delete Files
        
RM-RF: Recursive does not prompt for deletion
RM-RF/
RM-RF *
RM-RF.

Shred: Shred (not used)
        
9. Cat/tac: View the contents of a file
- N: Show line numbers

More : Pagination shows the contents of a file
Less :
Head:
Tail:

11. cp (copy) :文件的复制    语法格式:cp  option  source   dest(文件,目录)     cp a.txt b.txt /root/mydir      cp -R mydir /root/home    cp a.txt  /root/c.txt 12. mv(move) :剪切    语法格式:mv  option  source   dest(文件,目录)       重命名:        mv  a.txt  b.txt     剪切:        mv  a.txt  mydir/    同时操作多个文件:        mv a.txt /root/b.txt  /root/mydir13. wc(work count ):统计文件中的数据    wc -wcl 文件名称        单词   字符  行数14. echo :字符串的输出    输出数据到控制台        echo "你好"     将数据定向到文本中        echo "你好" >  mytest        echo "你好" >> mytest    显示命令的执行结果        echo `ls`         echo `ls`  > mytest15. ln(link) :链接 (windows中的超链接)    语法格式:        ln  源文件  目标文件    符号链接:        可以操作文件和目录        创建的是一个路径,相当于windows中的超链接    硬链接:(默认情况)        只能操作文件        相当于创建一个完全一样的副本,类似于实时备份        两个文件完全同步,副本也占用物理空间16. grep(global regular expression and print) :全局规则表达式输出    grep 搜索的字符   文件名称    grep -E 正则表达式   文件的名称
2.1 Description of permissions
文件:    读权限:读取文件的信息    写权限:对文件中的内容进行更改    执行权限:脚本文件 目录:     读权限:读取目录的信息,查看目录中的内容(ls 目录)    写权限:对目录中的内容进行修改(CUD)    执行权限:进行目录的权限 查看文件的权限:    ls -l           三种基本的权限:    R 读权限     4    W 写权限     2    X 执行权限   1三种用户权限的分类:    属主: user  文件或者文件夹的所有者               属组: group  分组授权,更好的管理权限         其他: other 除了属主和属组之外的用户       十位权限位的说明:    第一位:文件类型        - 普通文件        d 目录        l 链接文件    其余九位:        属主    属组   其他用户  的权限 (RWX)
2.2 change command for permissions
语法格式:chmod (change mode)     读写执行权限  : RWX    修改权限的权限 :文件和目录的所有者、超级管理员            用户的类型       操作的类型       权限类型        chmod   u / g  / o        + /- / =        r/w/x    文件、目录    chmod   数字1数字2数字3   文件/目录       chmod   ugo+x   文件/目录       chmod   u+rwx   文件/目录创建新用户:    adduser laowang    passwd laowang   设置用户的密码    su laowang       切换用户
2.3 Change of permissions command 2
语法格式:chown  属主:属组  文件/目录名称         chown  属主  文件/目录名称         chown  :属组  文件/目录名称    
2.4 Change of permissions command 3
语法格式:chgrp  属组  
3. Help Commands
man 命令help 命令命令 --help
4. Find Commands
find 查找位置  option  参数    -name 文件名称    -user 用户名    -group 组名称    -type 类型(l , d , f )    -perm 权限(数字:755)    -size 大小(+ - 单位:k m g)    例如:find / -name mysqlwhereis 命令的名称    查看命令的命令    例如:whereis ls           
5. Piping commands
语法格式:命令2  |  命令2   |   
6. Backup and compression
   the compression formats commonly used in Linux are:. GZ,. bz2,. Tar, and so on packaging: package multiple files into one file,   Size invariant compression: Use some compression algorithm to compress a large file into a small file 6.1 Zip format compression: Zip destination File Source file extract: Unzip original file 6.2. bz2 format compression: bzip2 destination file        Source file 2 source file 3 .... For example: Bzip2/root/myfile.txt is packaged by default: myfile.txt.bz2 decompression: bunzip2/root/myfile.txt.bz26.3. gz format compression: gzip target text        Piece source file 2 source file 3 .... For example: Bzip2/root/myfile.txt is packaged by default: myfile.txt.gz decompression: gunzip/root/myfile.txt.gz6.4 packaging (Tar focus) Packaging: Tar-    CVF destination File Source file 1 source file 2 .... Unpacking: TAR-XVF source file [-C target Location]6.5 Universal notation (emphasis) tar-parameter-C: Package-X: Unpack, unzip-V: Displays the name of the file being processed-f: Keep up with the file names processed by-Z: Processing files using the gzip compression algorithm-J: Processing files using the BZIP2 compression algorithm TAR-CVF packaging TAR-XVF unpacking TAR-ZCVF using gzip to package and compress the text Piece TAR-ZXVF use gzip to unpack and unzip files TAR-JCVF use BZIP2 to package and compress files TAR-JXVF use bzip2 to unpack and extract files   
语法格式:shutdown  参数  时间                   -r                   -h                   -c 例如: shutdown -h now 立即关机      shutdown -r now 立即重启      shutdown -h +6    (定时6分钟关机)      shutdown -h 20:55 (设定一个时刻进行关机)      ctrl+c 取消上次的命令      shutdown -h +6 &  在后台运行定时的操作      shutdown -c 取消定时操作reboot 重启init 数字:    init 0 关机操作    init 3 多用户命令行模式    init 5 多用户图形界面模式    init 6 重启操作
8. Mount Commands
挂载命令:mount -t 文件系统  设备的名称   挂载点    挂载光盘:mount -t iso9660 sr0 /mnt/cdrom    挂载u盘:mount -t vfat /dev/sdb1 (使用虚拟机连接u盘:虚拟机--->可移动设备--->连接U盘)卸载命令:umount 挂载点 或者 设备名称    卸载光盘:umount /dev/cdrom             umount /dev/sr0             umount /mnt/cdrom
9. Network Commands
9.1 ping 命令:查看网络的连通性    ping -c 次数  ip地址    ping  `cat 文件名称`9.2 ifconfig命令:查看网络设备的信息    ifconfig回车    ifconfig 网卡名称:查看某一个具体的网卡信息    ifconfig 网卡名称  down :关闭网卡    ifconfig 网卡名称  up  :激活网卡    修改ip地址:ifconfig  网卡名称  ip地址  netmask 255.255.255.09.3 service 命令:操作服务    service network status    service network start/stop/restart      

Linux Common commands

Related Article

Contact Us

The content source of this page is from Internet, which doesn't represent Alibaba Cloud's opinion; products and services mentioned on that page don't have any relationship with Alibaba Cloud. If the content of the page makes you feel confusing, please write us an email, we will handle the problem within 5 days after receiving your email.

If you find any instances of plagiarism from the community, please send an email to: info-contact@alibabacloud.com and provide relevant evidence. A staff member will contact you within 5 working days.

A Free Trial That Lets You Build Big!

Start building with 50+ products and up to 12 months usage for Elastic Compute Service

  • Sales Support

    1 on 1 presale consultation

  • After-Sales Support

    24/7 Technical Support 6 Free Tickets per Quarter Faster Response

  • Alibaba Cloud offers highly flexible support services tailored to meet your exact needs.