Linux Common command function Daquan

Linux common shortcut keys (6)

CTRL + U: before the clip cursor
CTRL + K: after the clip cursor
Ctrl + Y: Paste
CTRL + R: Find command
CTRL + Insert: Copy
shift+ Insert: Paste

Online Enquiry and Help commands (2)

Mans

View command Help, Dictionary of commands, more complex and info, but not commonly used.

Help

See Help for Linux built-in commands, such as CD commands.

File and Directory operations commands (18)

Ls
Full spelling list, which is a listing of the contents of a directory and its content property information.
Cd
Full spelling change directory, which switches from the current working directory to the specified working directory.
Cp
Full copy, with the ability to copy files or directories.
Find
Find the meaning, used to find the directory and the file under the directory.
Mkdir
Full make directories, its function is to create a directory.
Mv
Full move, the function is to move or rename the file.
Pwd
Full print working directory with the ability to display an absolute path to the current working directory.
Rename
Used to rename a file.
Rm
Remove all, its function is to delete one or more files or directories.
RmDir
Completely remove empty directories, the function is to delete the blank directory.
Touch
Creates a new empty file, changing the timestamp property of an existing file.
Treep
The function is to display the contents of the directory in a tree-shaped structure.
BaseName
Displays the file name or directory name.
DirName
Displays the file or directory path.
Chattr
Changes the extended properties of the file.
Lsattr
View file extension properties.
File
Displays the type of file.
Md5sum
Calculates and verifies the MD5 value of the file.

View file and Content processing commands (21)

Cat
Full spell concatenate, which is used to connect multiple files and print to the screen output or redirect to a specified file.
Tac
The TAC is the inverse spelling of cat, so the function of the command is to display the file contents in reverse.
More
Page displays the contents of the file.
Less
Pagination Displays the contents of the file, the opposite usage of the more command.
Head
Displays the header of the file contents.
Tail
Displays the tail of the file content.
Cut
Splits each line of a file by the specified delimiter and outputs it.
Split
Split the file into different small fragments.
Paste
Merges file contents by row.
Sort
Sorts the text content of the file.
Uniq
Remove duplicate rows. Oldboy
Wc
The number of rows, words, or bytes of the statistics file.
Iconv
The encoding format of the converted file.
Dos2unix
Convert DOS format files to UNIX format.
Diff
Full spelling difference, comparing file differences, often used in text files.
Vimdiff
Command line Visual file Comparison tool, commonly used in text files.
Rev
Reverse output file contents. Echo 123|rev-->321
Grep/egrep
Filter strings, three musketeers old three.
Join
Merge by the same field as two files.
Tr
Replace or delete characters.
Vi/vim
command line text editor.

File compression and Decompression commands (4)

Tar
Package compression. Oldboy
Unzip
Unzip the file.
Gzip
Gzip compression tool.
Zip
Compression tool.

Information display commands (11)

    uname
        commands that display information about the operating system.
    hostname
        Displays or sets the host name of the current system.
    DMESG
        displays boot information for diagnosing system faults.
    Uptime
        displays system uptime and load.
    Stat
        Displays the status of the file or file system.
    du
        calculate disk space usage.
    DF
        reports on the usage of the file system disk space.
    top  Task Manager
        Real-time display of system resource usage.
    free
        view system memory.
    Date
        display and set system time.
    cal
        view time information such as calendars.

Search Files Command (4)

which
Find the binary command, which is found by the environment variable path PATH.
Find
Find files or directories from disk traversal.
Whereis
Find the binary command, which is found by the environment variable path PATH.
Locate
From the database (/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db) Lookup command, use UpdateDB to update the library.

User Management commands (10)

Useradd
Add Users.
Usermod
Modifies a user attribute that already exists on the system.
Userdel
Delete the user.
Groupadd
Add a user group.
passwd
Modify the user password.
Chage
Modify the user password validity period.
Id
View the user's Uid,gid and attribution user groups.
Su
Switch user identities.
Visudo
Edit the exclusive commands for the/etc/sudoers file.
Sudo
Perform the commands previously allowed in the Sudoers file as another user (the default root user).

Basic Network Operations Commands (11)

Telnet
Log on remotely using the Telnet protocol.
Ssh
Telnet using SSH encryption protocol.
Scp
Full secure copy for copying files between different hosts.
Wget
command line to download the file.
Ping
Test the connectivity of the network between hosts.
Route
Displays and sets the routing table for the Linux system.
Ifconfig
View, configure, enable, or disable a command for a network interface.
Ifup
Start the network card.
Ifdown
Turn off the network card.
Netstat
View network status.
Ss
View network status.

Deep Network Operations Command (9)

Nmap
The Network Scan command.
Lsof
Full Name list open files, which is the file that is already opened in the system.
Mail
Send and receive messages.
Mutt
Mail management commands.
Nslookup
Interactively query the commands of the Internet DNS server.
Dig
Find the DNS resolution process.
Host
A command that queries DNS.
Traceroute
Track data transmission routing status.
Tcpdump
Command-line Grab kit.

Commands for disks and file systems (16)

Mount
Mount the file system.
Umount
Unmount the file system.
Fsck
Check and repair the Linux file system.
Dd
Convert or copy files.
Dumpe2fs
Export EXT2/EXT3/EXT4 file system information.
Dump
EXT2/3/4 File System Backup tool.
Fdisk
The disk partitioning command, which is suitable for disk partitions below 2TB.
Parted
The disk partitioning command, which has no disk size limit, is commonly used for disk partitions below 2TB.
Mkfs
Format to create a Linux file system.
Partprobe
Update the kernel's hard disk partition table information.
E2fsck
Check the EXT2/EXT3/EXT4 type file system.
Mkswap
Create a Linux swap partition.
Swapon
Enable the swap partition.
Swapoff
Close the swap partition.
Sync
Writes the data in the memory buffer to disk.
Resize2fs
Adjusts the size of the Ext2/ext3/ext4 file system.

System permissions and user authorization related commands (4)

chmod
Change file or directory permissions.
Chown
Change the owner and owner group of a file or directory.
Chgrp
Change the file user group.
Umask
Displays or sets the permission mask.

Commands to view system user login information (7)

WhoAmI
Displays the currently valid user name, which is equivalent to executing the id-un command.
W.H.O.
Displays user information for the currently logged on system.
W
Displays a list of users who have logged in to the system and displays the instructions that the user is executing.
Last
Displays the user who logged into the system.
Lastlog
Displays the last logon information for all users in the system.
Users
Displays the list of users for all users who are currently logged on to the system.
Finger
Find and display user information.

Built-in commands and others (19)

Echo
Prints the variable, or outputs the specified string directly
Printf
The result is formatted to output to standard output.
Rpm
Commands for managing RPM packages.
Yum
Automate the simple management of RPM package commands.
Watch
Executes the given command periodically and displays the output of the command in full-screen mode.
Alias
Sets the system alias.
Unalias
Cancels the system alias.
Date
View or set the system time.
Clear
Clear the screen, for short, clear screen.
History
View the history of the command execution.
Eject
Eject the optical drive.
Time
Calculates the command execution time.
nc
Powerful Network Tools.
Xargs
Converts the standard input to a command-line parameter.
Exec
The command that invokes and executes the instruction.
Export
Sets or displays environment variables.
unset
Delete a variable or function.
Type
Used to determine if another command is a built-in command.
Bc
Command Line Scientific calculator

System Management and performance monitoring commands (9)

Chkconfig
Manage Linux system boot entry.
Vmstat
Virtual memory statistics.
Mpstat
Displays status statistics for each available CPU.
Iostat
Statistical system IO.
Sar
Gain full access to system performance data such as CPU, run queue, disk I/O, paging (swap area), memory, CPU interrupt, and network.
IPCs
Used to report the status of interprocess communication facilities in Linux, including information about message lists, shared memory, and semaphores.
Ipcrm
Used to delete one or more message queues, semaphore sets, or shared memory identities.
Strace
For diagnosing and debugging Linux user space trackers. We use it to monitor user space processes and kernel interactions, such as system invocation, signal delivery, process state changes, and so on.
Ltrace
The command tracks the library function call of the process and it shows which library function is called.

Commands to shut down/restart/logoff and view system Information (6)

Shutdown
Shutdown.
Halt
Shutdown.
Poweroff
Power off.
Logout
Exits the currently logged-on shell.
Exit
Exits the currently logged-on shell.
Ctrl+d
Exits the shortcut key for the currently logged-on shell.

Process Management related commands (15)

Bg
A command that pauses in the background changes to continue execution (performed in the background).
Fg
The commands in the background are moved to the foreground to continue running.
Jobs
See how many commands are currently running in the background.
Kill
Terminates the process.
Killall
Terminates the process through the process name.
Pkill
Terminates the process through the process name.
Crontab
Timed Task command.
Ps
Displays a snapshot of the process.
Pstree
The tree displays the process.
Nice/renice
Adjusts the priority of the program to run.
Nohup
Ignores the pending signal to run the specified command.
Pgrep
Finds a process that matches a condition.
RunLevel
View the current operating level of the system.
Init
Toggles the run level.
Service
Start, stop, restart, and shut down system services, and also display the current status of all system services

Linux Common command function Daquan