Linux commonly used to find files or file content

Example tree diagram

.
|--Test_dir
| '--Dir_test_doc.text
|--Test_dir2
| |--dir2_test_doc.txt
| '--Dir2_test_doc2.txt
|--Test_doc1.text
'--Test_doc2.txt

2 directories, 5 files

1. Find the line for the contents of the file:

grep "searched string" file name

For example:

[[email protected] demo]# grep "doc1_content" Test_doc1 <--Find "Test_doc1" in file doc1_content
Testdoc1_content

2. Find the found string contained in the text file in this level (current) directory

[[email protected] demo]# grep "my_cool2007" * <--* represents a text file in this level directory
test_doc1:my_cool2007
test_doc2:my_cool2007

3. Find the file that contains the found string in the next level directory of the current directory

[[email protected] demo]# grep "my_cool2007" */*.txt
test_dir2/dir2_test_doc.txt:my_cool2007
test_dir2/dir2_test_doc2.txt:my_cool2007

4. grep with parameters

Find the line that matches the regular expression from the file contents:
$ grep–e "Regular expression" file name

Find is case insensitive:
$ grep–i "string found" file name

To find the number of matching rows:
$ grep-c "string found" file name


Find rows that do not match the specified string from the file contents:
$ grep–v "string found" file name

　　

From the root directory, look for all text files with a. log extension and find the line that contains "ERROR"
Find/-type f-name "*.log" | Xargs grep "ERROR"
Example: Starting from the current directory, find all text files with an. in extension and find the line containing "Thermcontact"
Find. -name "*.in" | Xargs grep "Thermcontact"

==================== I'm a split line ==========================

Find directories and files

Find path-command parameters [output FORM]

Parameter description:
Path: Tell find where to find the things you want,
Command parameters: Parameters Many of the following will be said
Output form: A lot of output,-print,-printf,-print0,-exec,-ok,-ls anyway a lot of themselves read the manual it.

Say exec,
The-exec find command executes the other Linux commands given by this parameter to the matching file. The corresponding command is in the form of ' command-and ' {} \;, note the space between {} and \;
-ok and-exec have the same effect, except that they will interact with the person, and you'll be sure to do it before OK executes.
Find command Main parameters:
-name finds files by file name.
-perm to find files according to file permissions.
-prune Use this option to have the Find command not be found in the currently specified directory, and if the-depth option is used at the same time, the-prune option will be ignored by the Find command.
-user Search for files according to the owner of the file.
-group finds files according to the group to which the files belong.
-mtime-n +n The file changes time to find the file,-n means that the file change time is now less than n days, +n indicates that the file change time is now N days ago. The Find command also has the-atime and-ctime options, but both of them and-mtime options
Similar, so we only introduce the-mtime option here.
-nogroup finds a file that does not have a valid owning group, that is, the group to which the file belongs does not exist in/etc/groups.
-nouser finds a file without a valid owner, that is, the owner of the file does not exist in the/etc/passwd.
-newer file1! File2 look for a file that changes time than the file File1 new but older than the file file2.
-type find a file of a certain type, such as:
B-block device files.
D-Directory.
C-character device file.
P-Pipeline file.
L-Symbolic link file.
F-Normal file.
S-socket file
-size N[c] finds files with a file length of n blocks, with C indicating the length of the file in bytes.
-depth when looking for a file, first find the file in the current directory, and then look in its subdirectories.
-fstype find files that are located in a type of file system, which are usually available in the configuration file
/etc/fstab, this configuration file contains information about the file system in the system.
-mount does not cross the file system mount point when locating files.
-follow if the find command encounters a symbolic link file, it tracks to the file that the link points to.
-cpio Use the Cpio command on the matching files to back up these files to the tape device.

Example 1

A, by name to find

[Email protected] ~]$ Find ~-name memcached.pid-print   #查找home目录下文件名为memcache. pid file/home/zhangy/memcached/ Memcached.pid[[email protected] ~]$ find. -name "*.pid"-print      #. Represents the current directory, looking for all files that end with a PID./memcached/memcached.pid./.tencent/qq/95219454.pid[[email Protected] ~]$ Find ~-name "[0-9]*.pid"-print   #查找以数字开头的所有pid文件, here to say [0-9]* cannot match 23, it is not the same as the general language class, Inside the shell * can represent all characters (single, multiple lines), if you want to match 2,345 can only write [0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]/home/zhangy/.tencent/qq/95219454.pid[[email Protected] ~]$ find/home/zhangy/.tencent/-name "[0-9]*.pid"-print  #在. Tencent folder find PID file/home/zhangy/.tencent/ Qq/95219454.pid

b, using file permissions to find

[[email protected] css]$ Find ~-perm 755-print |more #~   represents the $home directory, looking for a file with permission 755/home/zhangy/www/css2/c_ Textshadow.html/home/zhangy/www/css2/c_textautospace.html[[email protected] css]$ find. -perm 700-name "u_*"-print |more  #查找所有以产u_开头的, and a file with a permission of 700./css2/u_length_cm.html./css2/u_length_px.html

C,prune to ignore the directory to find

[[email protected] download]$ find. -name "*.gz"  -prune-o \ (\!-name AAA \)  -print  #查找在前目录中, files not in the directory ending in AAA, not in GZ: /eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar./fix-crash-in-excerpts.patch./addfeed_widget_wordpress_plugin.zip./jquery China-addthis plugin 1.07.rar

D, find files according to file type

[[email protected] download]$ find. -type d-print   #查找当前目录下面的目录. /ddd[[email protected] download]$ find. ! -type d-print  #找当前目录下面的非目录文件./eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar./haproxy-1.3.15.7.tar.gz./ Fix-crash-in-excerpts.patch

E, find files based on the user and user group the file belongs to

[[email protected] download]$ find. -nouser-print  #查找当前目录中, no attribution file [[email protected] download]$ find/home/zhangy/download-user zhangy-group users- Print  #查找用户组为users files that belong to the user zhangy/home/zhangy/download/home/zhangy/download/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar/home/ Zhangy/download/haproxy-1.3.15.7.tar.gz

F, root file size to find

[[email protected] download]$ find/home/zhangy/download-size +1000000c-print  #查找文件大小大于1000000字符的文件, note that the + sign is greater than/ Home/zhangy/download/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar/home/zhangy/download/mmseg-0.7.3.tar.gz[[email protected] Download ]$ Find/home/zhangy/download-size-10-print  #查找文件大小小于10块的文件, note-number means less than, one piece equals 512b/home/zhangy/download/home/ Zhangy/download/fix-crash-in-excerpts.patch/home/zhangy/download/test.sql.zip

G, the modification time of the root file to find

[Email protected] download]$ find/home/zhangy-mtime-5-print  #5天修改过的文件,-= within/home/zhangy/www/css2/c_ Textshadow.html/home/zhangy/www/css2/c_textautospace.html[[email protected] download]$ find/home/zhangy-mtime +5- Print   #查找5天前修改过的文件, + indicates previous/home/zhangy/www/test.php[[email protected] www]# find./-mmin-5-print  # Find files that have been modified within 5 minutes./cache/index.html

H,exec explanation

[[email protected] download]$ find. -type f-size +1000000c-exec ls-al {} \;  #显示当前目录下面所有大于1000000的文件, exec executes a command behind it, {} This represents the file name-rw-r--r--1 zhangy users 3624960 2009-03-08. eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar-rw-r--r--1 zhangy users 3091711 12-18 13:48./mmseg-0.7.3.tar.gz-rw-r--r--1 zhangy users 11913 2009-06-26./pcre-7.9.tar.gz

I, matching

[Email protected] workspace]$ find/database/-name ' *.sql '-print    #查找以sql结尾的文件./database/28toplearning.sql[[ Email protected] workspace]$ find/database/-name ' *.sql* '-print   #查找文件名包括sql文件./database/28toplearning.sql[[ Email protected] workspace]$ find/database/-name ' 28* '-print      #查找以28开头的文件./database/28toplearning.sql

Example 2

Find./-name "null_*"-exec basename {} \; | Sort   #搜索文件 and displays only the file names in ascending order. Null_0null_1null_2null_3null_4null_5null_6null_7null_8null_9

Example 3

         Find./-type f-name "*.log" | Xargs grep-r "Error"    



Reference article:
Http://linux.51yip.com/search/find
Http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-25266990-id-199887.html

Linux commonly used to find files or file content