linux-Disk File System Management

Device file name for the hard disk device:

IDE,STS:HD Opening

SATA:SD Opening

SCSI:SD start

USB:SD Opening

A,b,c,... to differentiate different devices under the same type

IDE:/dev/had/hdb

first one IDE Port: Master, from Hda,hdb

a second IDE Port: Master, from HDC HDD

SDA,SDB,SDC.

Hda

HDA1: First primary partition

HDA2:

Hda3:

HDA4:

HDA5: First logical partition

Fdisk-l See how many partitions the current system has [/dev/to/some_device_file]

[Email protected] ~]# fdisk-l/DEV/SDA

Managing Disk Partitions

Advanced formatting: Specify partition type

Mkfs–t ext3 The specified partition type is ext3

To create a partition:

[Email protected] ~]# Fdisk/dev/sdb

A toggle a bootable flag

b Edit BSD Disklabel

C Toggle the DOS Compatibilityflag

D Delete a partition delete a partition

L list known partition types shows all supported types. l is uppercase L when used in conjunction with t

M Print this menu

n Add a new partition create a fresh partition

o Create a new empty dospartition table

P Print the partition table shows the partitions on the current hard disk

Q Quit without saving changes do not save exit

s create a new empty Sundisklabel

t change a partition ' s system ID modifies the partition type .

U Change display/entry units

V Verify the partition table

W Write table to disk and exit Save and exit

X extra Functionality (EXPERTSONLY)

[[email protected] ~]# cat/proc/partitions See which partitions the kernel recognizes

[[email protected] ~]# partprobe notify hard disk reread partition table, general partition after re-reading, in order to format

File System Management:

Re-creating the file system will damage the original file

Mksf:make File System

-T Fstype performing file system types

[[email protected] ~]# mkfs-t EXT2/DEV/SDB5 format SDB5 partition as ext2 type

Mkfs-t ext2 =mkfs.ext2

Mkfs-t ext3 =MKFS.EXT3

specialized in managing ext Series files:

Mke2fs

-j: creating a ext3 type file system

-B block_size: Specifies the block size, the default is 4096, can be value 1024,2048,4096;

-L Label executes the volume label;

-M #: percentage of blocks specified to be reserved for super users

-I #: to specify how many bytes of space to create an inode, the default is 8192; The value given here should be 2^n times the block size ;

-N: specify inode number

-F: Force file system Creation

-E: user Specifies additional file system Properties

[[email protected] ~]# blkid Viewing the file system type, you can also view the volume label

/dev/sda1:uuid= "376611e6-90be-4b7e-ac1c-b57a5961fac6" type= "Ext4"

/dev/sda2:uuid= "094ec731-7d77-417a-af18-680d0d744f0e" type= "swap"

/dev/sda3:uuid= "16ba63e9-5762-4afb-b8e2-0ad5ed7c34b5" type= "Ext4"

/dev/sda5:uuid= "3da9db3d-f8a3-4c7d-b25c-f1f2af27171b" type= "Ext4"

/dev/sdb2:uuid= "8cbf19de-84b1-4d26-8d3b-77c1206e7342" type= "ext2"

/dev/sdb5:uuid= "0f599bd3-c824-4f55-b3a6-1f6b925375a4" type= "ext2"

/dev/sdb6:uuid= "42315B22-5B4A-4886-95EC-70EA63875FCC" type= "ext2"

[Email protected] ~]# BLKID/DEV/SDB2

/dev/sdb2:uuid= "8cbf19de-84b1-4d26-8d3b-77c1206e7342" type= "ext2"

E2label/dev/sda2 commands that specialize in viewing volume labels

[[email protected] ~]# E2LABEL/DEV/SDB5 Hello can also set volume label

[Email protected] ~]# E2LABEL/DEV/SDB5

Hello

[Email protected] ~]# mke2fs-j/DEV/SDB2

Check if there is Creatingjournal (32768 blocks): log,ext3 only supports the function of logging

File system type:

Ext2

Ext3

[[email protected] ~]# Cat/proc/filesystems See which file systems are currently supported by the system

TUNE2FS: Adjust file system related properties without damaging the original data

-j: adjust to ext3

Tune2fs–j/dev/sda5

-L Set or modify the volume label

[[email protected] ~]# tune2fs-l MMMMM/DEV/SDB5 Modify the volume label

-m# Modifying reserve percentages

-R # Specify number of reserved blocks

-O Set default mount options

Cc.

-c#: Specifies that the mount count reaches # several times after the self test,0 or 1 means to turn off this feature:

-i#: The number of days to use per mount for self-test:0 or 1 means to turn off this feature:

-L: Displays information in the Super block

[Email protected] ~]# tune2fs-l/DEV/SDB5

DUMPE2FS displaying file property information

-H displays only the Super block information

Fsck checks and repairs the file system

-T Fstype: Specifying File Types

-A automatic repair

E2fsck dedicated to repairing ext2,ext3 file Systems

-A automatic repair

-F Mandatory check

This article from "Linux operation and Maintenance" blog, declined reprint!

linux-Disk File System Management