Linux disk management instruction set (1)

1. File directory management-cd
Name: cd
　　
Permission: All Users
　　
Usage: cd [dirName]
　　
Note: change the working directory to dirName. DirName can be an absolute or relative path. If the directory name is omitted, it is changed to the user's home directory (that is, the directory where the login is located ).
　　
In addition ,"~ "It also indicates the home directory," .. "indicates the current directory, and" .. "indicates the previous directory at the current directory location.
　　
Example: Skip to/usr/bin /:
Cd/usr/bin
Jump to your home directory:
Cd ~
　　
Jump to the top two layers of the current directory:
Cd ../..
　　
Cd-Return to the directory before entering the current directory
2. File System-df
Name: df
Permission: All Users>
Usage: df [Option]... [FILE]...
　　
Display the status of the file system or view the status of all file systems (default value)
　　
　　
-A, -- all contains all file systems with 0 Blocks
-- Block-size = {SIZE} use Blocks of {SIZE} size
-H, -- human-readable uses a human-readable format (the preset value does not include this option ...)
-H, -- si is like-h, but 1000 is used instead of 1024.
-I, -- inodes: List inode information, not list used Blocks
-K, -- kilobytes is like -- block-size = 1024
-L, -- local restrict the file structure listed
-M, -- megabytes is like -- block-size = 1048576
-- No-sync: Do not sync before obtaining information (default value)
-P, -- portability uses POSIX output format
-- Sync before obtaining information
-T, -- type = TYPE restrict the TYPE of the file system.
-T, -- print-type indicates the format of the file system.
-X, -- exclude-type = TYPE restrict the list of file systems from displaying TYPE
-V (ignore)
-- Help: Show This helper and leave
-- Version outputs version information and leaves
3. dirs
Function Description: displays directory records.
Syntax: dirs [+/-n-l]
Note: displays records in the directory stack.
Parameters:
+ N indicates the n directory from the left.
-N: displays the n directory from the right.
-L displays the complete directory records.
4. du
Du (disk usage)
Function Description: displays the directory or file size.
Language
Method: du [-abcDhHklmsSx] [-L] [-X
] [-- Block-size] [-- exclude =] [-- max-depth = or the size of the source file connected by the specified symbol in the -- dereference display option.
-M or -- megabytes is in the unit of 1 MB.
-S or -- summarize only displays the total.
-S or -- separate-dirs displays the size of individual directories in hours without the size of their subdirectories.
-X or -- one-file-xystem is based on the file system at the beginning of processing. If it encounters a different file system directory, it is skipped.
-X or -- exclude-from = in the specified directory or file.
-- Exclude = skips the specified directory or file.
-- Max-depth = ignore a directory that exceeds the specified number of layers.
-- Help: displays help.
-- Version: displays the version information.

5. edquota
Function Description: edit the quota of a user or group.
Syntax: edquota [-p] [-ug] [user or group name...] Or edquota [-ug]-t
Note: by default, the user or group's quota settings are edited using vi.
Parameters:
-U sets the user's quota, which is a preset parameter.
-G: set the quota of the group.
-P applies the quota settings of the source user to other users or groups.
-T: Set the grace period.
6. eject
Function Description: exit the extraction device.
Syntax: eject [-dfhnqrstv] [-a] [-c] [device]
Note: If the device has been attached, the eject disconnects the device and then exits.
Parameters:
The [device] device can be the driver name or the mount point.
-A or -- auto controls the automatic exit function of the device.
-C or -- changerslut: select the optical drive in the optical drive cabinet.
-D or -- default displays the preset device, instead of the actual action.
-F or -- floppy to exit the removable disk.
-H or -- help displays help.
-N or -- noop displays the specified device.
-Q or -- tape: exit the tape.
-R or -- cdrom to exit the CD.
-S or -- scsi exit the device with the SCSI command.
-T or -- trayclose to close the disc tray.
-V or -- verbose displays detailed instructions when executed.
7. mcd
Name: mcd
Permission: All Users
Usage:
Mcd [msdosdirectory]
Note: You can change the working directory of the mtools commands on the MSDOS disk. Unlike the msdos cd command, the mcd can also change the working disk.
　　
Parameters:
If no parameter exists, the current working directory is returned.
Example:
Mcd a: emp changes to the current working directory to a: emp.
Mcd is returned to the current working directory.
8. mdeltree
Name: mdeltree
Permission: All Users
Usage:
Mdeltree [-v] msdosdirectory [msdosdirectories...]
　　
Note:
This program can be used to delete MSDOS files and directories.
Mdeltree deletes all files and directories under the specified directory and directory. If the specified file or directory does not exist, an error message is returned.
　　
Parameters:
-V displays more messages.
Example:
Mcopy a: msdosdir. delete all the files and directories under the msdosdir directory in the root directory of the disk.
9. mdu
Function Description: displays the disk space occupied by the MS-DOS directory.
Syntax: mdu [-as] [Directory]
Note: mdu for mstools tool command, can display the MS-DOS file system directory occupied disk space.
Parameters:
-A: displays the space occupied by each file and the entire directory.
-S only displays the space occupied by the entire directory.

10. mkdir
Name: mkdir
　　
Permission: all users with the appropriate permissions in the current directory
　　
Usage: mkdir [-p] dirName
　　
Note: Create a subdirectory named dirName.
　　
Parameter:-p: Make sure that the directory name exists. If it does not exist, create one.
　　
Example:
　　
Create a subdirectory named AAA in the working directory:
Mkdir AAA
　　
Create a subdirectory named Test in the BBB directory under the working directory. If the BBB directory does not exist, create one. (Note: In this example, if-p is not added and the BBB directory does not exist, an error is generated .)
Mkdir-p BBB/Test
11. mlabel
Name: mlabel
Permission: All Users
Usage:
Mlabel [-vcs] drive: [new_label]
　　
Note:
This program can set the disk Label ).
If a label is set on the disk, mlabel displays it to the user. If no new tag is specified and the c or s option is not specified, mlabel prompts the user to enter a new tag. If you press Enter, the original tag is deleted.
　　
Parameters:
-V more messages.
-C: Clear the original tag without any prompt.
-S displays the current tag without a prompt.
　　
Example:
Mlabel a: newlabel. Change the label of disk A to newlabel.
12. mmd
Function Description: create a directory in the MS-DOS file system.
Syntax: mmd [directory...]
Supplementary Note: mmd for mtools tools commands, simulation MS-DOS md commands, can be in the MS-DOS file system to establish a directory.
13. mrd
Function Description: Delete the directory in the MS-DOS file system.
Syntax: mrd [directory...]
Additional note: mrd for mtools tools commands, simulation MS-DOS rd commands, can delete the MS-DOS directory.
14. mzip
Function Description: Zip/Jaz disk drive control commands.
Syntax: mzip [-efpqruwx]
Note: mzip is an mtools command. You can set the protection mode of the Zip or Jaz disk drive area and exit the disk.
Parameters:
-E: exit the disk.
-F and-e parameters are used together. The disk is forcibly withdrawn regardless of whether the file system is attached to the disk.
-P: Set the disk WRITE password.
-Q: The current status is displayed.
-R sets the disk to the write protection status.
-U is temporarily removed from the disk protection status before exiting the disk.
-W sets the disk to the write status.
-X: Set the disk password.
15. pwd
Function Description: displays the working directory.
Syntax: pwd [-- help] [-- version]
Note: When executing the pwd command, you can immediately learn the absolute path name of your current working directory.
Parameters:
-- Help Online help.
-- Version: displays the version information.