Linux Engineer Learning materials, file system tree in Linux

In Linux, all files and directories are started by the root directory. Is the source of all directories and files. Then one more branch down, a bit like a tree structure. Each file name (including the full path) in this directory tree is unique. In the system we will see/directory there are many directories! These directories have their own features.

So what are the functions of these directories? Let's see.

For storing command files

The commands stored in the/bin directory do not cause any quality changes to the system and are available to all users

The commands stored in the/sbin directory will cause changes to the system, and most commands can only be used by root

Boot

boot files for system boot, and Linux kernel files

/dev for storing hardware device files

/etc to store the system and software configuration files: IP address modification

Home and Root

Log in with a normal user, check the home directory and root directory to see if you have access to the root directory

User's home directory, similar to ' My Documents ' in Windows XP

Home directory collection of normal users, the default home directory for ordinary users is a subdirectory in the home directory with the same name as the user name, only the user data of the normal user

/root Administrator Root user's home directory, only the root user data

Lib and lib64

Used to store runtime files (function library files), such as runtime files missing when playing games, Xxx.dll lost

The development of the software to use

Lib 32-bit

LIB64 64-bit

Media and MNT

For loading storage devices

Media for automatic loading of various types of external storage devices, such as: U disk, CD-ROM, etc. (RHEL7 instead of/run/media, speed USB drive access)

MNT System presets for manual loading of various types of internal storage devices, various types of networked storage devices, such as FTP, Network Neighborhood (stealing jobs)

Default installation path for software

/usr for storing system software, as well as software help manual Read Me (ie linuxredhat manufacturer licensing software)

/OPT is used to store third-party software, not original licensed software (WPS and Office comparison)

Question: Where is the configuration file for my software? Answer/etc

The bin and sbin under the root are actually shortcuts, which are actually placed in/usr

But for the use of the user, they are placed under the root

/proc/sys/run takes up no hard disk space and takes up memory space

Proc Storing process information

SYS storing system data

Run the program data when the system is running

/tmp Storage Temp directory for temporary files generated when the system is running

Q: What is a temporary file?

Cached files are temporary files, and some software automatically deletes cache files! Apple iOS 11 system when space is not enough, will automatically clear the space

var and SRV

/var for media files (e.g. web,ftp) for storing software

/SRV System user-defined media files for storing the software

Linux Engineer Learning materials, file system tree in Linux