Linux file Management class commands, types, user Rights Management and bash Shell features: command aliases, filename wildcard

File Management class commands

Ls

View: Cat tac more less head tail

Copy: CP

-R: Recursive

-I: Hints, interaction

-F: Forced override

-A: Keep all file information

-D: When the source is a linked file, the link itself is copied instead of the source file

-P: Keep the original property

Delete: RM

Delete a non-empty directory Rm-rf

Mobile: MV

Create: Touch

Used to modify timestamps, create empty files

-C: Do not create a new file, only modify the timestamp

-A: Modify access time only

-M: Modify the modification time

-T: Specify timestamp

First-M plus-T followed by time

Meta Data properties: Stat

Display file meta data information, more information

Stat file

View Content Type: File

File type

Normal file:-,f

Catalog File:d

Link file: L (soft connection)

Device files

Character Device: C

Block Device: b

Named pipes: P

FI, FO

Socket file:

Linux file Timestamp:

Access time

Modification Time: Write data

Change time: Time of metadata change

LS: Select the current directory by default

-A: Show all files, including hidden files

-A: Not realistic, and. Common generic paths

--color: Display color

-L: Long format display

-D: Displays the properties of the directory itself, usually in conjunction with-l

-r: Enables reverse display

-R: Recursive display

-i:inode, index node

-H: File size, displayed in a human readable manner

Tree: Shown in trees

Name resolution: Name Resolving

Features of bash: command aliases

Clear: Clear Screen

Alias: All aliases defined in the current shell

Any attributes that occur with the process will end in the process and the property disappears

Alias command = ' original command '

Unalias aliases: Aliases that are undefined

Add \ Use the command itself before the command, not the alias

Only plain text files can be viewed

File files ...: View the format of the contents

Cat: Connect text to display on standard output

control characters such as line break

-E: Display Terminator $

-V: Display nonprinting characters

-e: Equivalent to-ve

-N: Displays the sequential number of each line

-S: Merge multiple contiguous blank rows to display a blank line

TAC: Reverse Display

MORE: Support backward only (after file tail)

Less: Supports front and rear rollover

Head

-n#: How many lines before display

Tail

-n#: How many lines are displayed after

Use of the echo command

-E

\b: Delete the preceding character

\ t; tab

\v: Vertical tab

\ n: Line break

\onnn

Start \033[# #

# 1-7 Front View

# # Background Color

End \033[0m

-N: Do not wrap text for display

File operations

CP src Dest

If SRC is a file

If the target is a file and the target exists, overwrite

If the destination file does not exist, create a new file

If the target exists and is a directory, copy the source to the destination directory and keep the original

If SRC has multiple files

If the target is a file and the target exists, replication cannot be completed

If the destination file does not exist, replication cannot be performed

If the target exists and is a directory, copy the files to the destination directory and keep the original

If SRC has only one, and it is a directory-r

If the target is a file and the target exists, replication cannot be completed

If the destination file does not exist, create a new directory

If the target exists and is a directory, copy the files to the destination directory and keep the original

Features of the bash shell: globbing, file name wildcard

*: matches any character of any length

？ : Matches a single character

[]: matches any single character within the specified range of characters, not case-sensitive

[[: Upper:]] Uppercase

[[: Lower:]] lowercase letters

[[: Alpha:]] uppercase and lowercase letters

[[: Digit:]] Number

[[: Alnum:]] Mixed alphanumeric

[[: Space:]] Space

[[: Punct:]] punctuation special characters

[^]: matches any single character outside the specified range of characters

Practice:

　　

　　　　　　

Copy/etc directory starting with p, with any characters in the middle, and files ending in D to the/tmp directory
#cp-R/etc/p*d/tmp
Copy/etc directory starting with P, followed by 4 arbitrary characters, and the file ending in D to the/tmp/a directory: If a does not exist, create it first
#mkdir/tmp/a
Cp-r/etc/p???? d/tmp/a
Copy/etc directory starting with any digit and ending with a non-numeric file to the/tmp/b directory
#mkdir/tmp/b
Cp-r/etc/[[:d igit:]]*[^[:d igit:]]/tmp/b
Copy/etc directory with non-letter start, followed by a letter and any other length of the file into the/TMP/C directory
#mkdir/TMP/C
Cp-r/etc/[^[:alpha:]][[:alpha:]]*/tmp/c

　　　　　　

Linux file Management class commands, types, user Rights Management and bash Shell features: command aliases, filename wildcard