Linux file system

File system: Hierarchical structure, indexed;

/: Original starting point;

Inverted tree-like structure;

/DEV/PTS/2: Leftmost/indicates root directory

Other/represent path separators

The path delimiter for Linux is/

window is the \

The path to the file is represented by:

Absolute path: The path represented from the root

Relative path: The path represented at the beginning of the current position

Rules for using file names:

Strictly differentiate character case: File1,file1,file1

The directory is also a file, under the same path, two files cannot have the same name;

Supports the use of any character other than/;

Maximum of 255 characters;

User has home directory: Home,

The user's starting directory, the location of the common user management file;

Working directory:

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736

The right-most file or directory name is called the base name basename

BaseName to the left is called the path name DirName

Command:

~] #basename/path/to/somefile

Somefile

~] #dirname/path/to/somefiel

/path/to

Components of the program: Binary program files, library files, configuration files, Help files;

Binary, library file: executable file

Library file: cannot be executed independently, only when invoked

Profiles, Help files: Files that can be viewed for their content

Linux File system:

1, the file name strictly distinguishes the character casing;

2, the file can use any character except/;

3, the file name can not exceed 255 characters;

4. The file that starts with. is a hidden file;

. : current directory;

.. : The top level directory of the current directory;

/etc/sysconfig/

. : Sysconfig

.. :/etc

Working directory: Working directory

Home directory: Home

linux:glibc

How to compile the program:

Dynamic links

Static compilation

Type of process:

Terminal: Hardware device, associating a user interface

Terminal-Related: booting through the terminal

Independent of Terminal: auto-start during Operation Boot-up

The composition of the operating system:

Static: Kernel,application

File System: Hierarchical structure

FHS:

Filesystem hiserarchy standard File system hierarchy

/bin: Basic command Program Files available to all users

/sbin: A tool program for use in system management;

/boot: Each static file that the bootloader must use; Kernel,initramfs (INITRD), grub, etc.

/dev: Store special files or device files;

There are two types of devices: Character devices, block devices;

/etc: The configuration file of the system program, can only be static;

/home: The central location of the general family directory; In general, the home directory of each normal user is the default subdirectory with the same name as the user name in this directory,/home/username;

/root: Administrator's home directory; optional;

/lib: Provides a shared library for system startup or applications on the root file system (/bin,/sbin, etc.) and provides kernel modules for the kernel

Libc.so.*: Dynamically linked C library;

ld*: Runtime connector/loader;

Modules: The directory used to store kernel modules;

/LIB64:64-bit system-specific storage 64 for the shared library path;

/media: Portable equipment mount point, cdrom,floppy, etc.;

/MNT: Temporary mount point for other file systems;

/OPT: Installation location of the additional application, optional path;

/SRV: Data provided by the current host for the service;

/tmp: A directory for temporary files that can be generated by the program that will generate the temporary file, for all users to write operations, with special permissions;

/USR:USR Hierarchy, globally shared read-only data path;

Bin,sbin

Lib,lib64

INCLUDE:C program header file;

Share: Storage location of schema-specific files such as command-book pages and self-documenting documents

Local: another level directory;

Installation location of the X11r6:x-windows program

SRC: Where the program source files are stored

/usr/local:local hierarchy, which allows the system administrator to install local applications, and is typically used to install third-party programs;

/var:/var Hierarchy, a directory that stores data that is often changed;

Cache:application Cache Data

Lib:variable State information

Local:variable Data for/usr/local

Lock:lock files

Log:log Files and directories

Opt:variable Data for/opt

Run:data relevant to running processes

Spool:application Spool Data

TMP temporary files preserved between system reboots

/proc: The kernel and processes store information about them, many of them are kernel parameters, such as Net.ipv4.ip_forward, virtual net/ipv4/ip_forward, stored in/proc/sys/, so their full path is/proc/sys/net/ Ipv4/ip_forward;

/SYS:SYSFS virtual file system provides a more ideal way to access kernel data than Proc.

This article is from the "Bread" blog, be sure to keep this source http://daliu.blog.51cto.com/4051113/1832560

Linux file system