Linux Starter Pack

Welcome to join the Linux family! For you, this may be a strange field, but I believe that with the gradual in-depth understanding, you will love Linux, like open source! First, let's take a look at what Linux novices should be aware of and understand.

1. Meet a few Daniel

Linus Torvalds

Born on December 28, 1969 in Helsinki, Finland, has American citizenship. He was the first author of the Linux kernel, and then launched the open source project as the chief architect and project coordinator for the Linux kernel, one of the most famous computer programs and hackers in the world today. He also launched the open source project for Git and is the main developer.

Richard Matthew Stallman

RMS, born on March 16, 1953, was the founder of the American Free Software movement's spiritual leader, the GNU program, and the Free Software Foundation. As a well-known hacker, his main achievements include Emacs and later GNU emacs,gnu C compiler and GDB debugger. The GNU General Public License, which he writes, is the most widely used free software license in the world, which opens up a new path for the copyleft concept.

Eric Steven Raymond

Born on December 4, 1957, the programmer, the author of the Cathedral and the Bazaar, the maintainer of the New Hacker dictionary ("Jargon File"), the famous hacker. As the main author and maintainer of the New Hacker dictionary, Raymond has long been considered a historian and anthropologist of hacker culture. But after 1997, Raymond was widely recognized as one of the leading leaders in the open source movement and the most popular (and most controversial) hacker.

To learn more about the open source community, see here:

• The most famous 15-bit computer scientist in history

• Years is to kill a pig knife: open-source Uncle Linus Torvalds is how to refine

• "One week Open source" 09 issue: "Open source said" visit the RMS of the Great God

• Come and Worship! 20 domestic technology active on GitHub Daniel
  

• 10 most Popular Front-end Daniel on GitHub
  

2. Learn about the star members of the Linux family

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux: Red Hat Enterprise Linux is a Linux distribution version of Red Hat for the commercial market, including mainframes. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 has been providing 10 years of support for each version of Linux from Red Hat Enterprise, Red Hat Enterprise Linux Changjian Rhel. Red Hat Enterprise Linux releases a new version about 3 years ago.

• Fedora Linux: Fedora Linux is one of the more well-known Linux distributions. It is a fully functional, updated and fast free operating system. For the patron Red Hat, it is a testing platform for many new technologies, and the technologies that are thought to be available will eventually be added to Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

• Centos: CentOS Full name is "Community Enterprise Operating System" (Community Enterprise Operating System), is one of the Linux release, it is from Red Hat enterprise Linux is compiled from source code published under open source rules. Because of the same source code, some servers that require a high degree of stability are used with CentOS instead of the commercial version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. The difference between the two is that CentOS does not contain closed source code software. CentOS's main modification to the upstream code is to uninstall trademarks that are not freely available.

• Ubuntu: Ubuntu is a desktop-based Gnu/linux operating system with the name "Ubuntu" from the southern African Zulu or Hausa language, meaning "human nature". Ubuntu, based on the Debian distribution, differs from Debian in that it releases a new version every 6 months.

• SUSE Linux: SUSE is a release version of the Linux operating system and a release from Germany. SUSE Linux is currently focused on the enterprise market.

• openSUSE:openSUSE is an open community program known as the "most beautiful Linux distribution".

• Debian: Debian is a free operating system, the full name of Debian Gnu/linux, maintained by the Debian Project organization, Debian is a purely free software combination of the operating environment.

• ArchLinux: Arch Linux (or arch) is a Linux distribution with lightweight simplicity as its design concept. Its development team is designed with simplicity, elegance, correctness and minimal code. The Arch Linux project was inspired by CRUX and was launched by Judd Vinet in 2002.
  

For more Linux versions, see here: Family Genealogy of Linux Systems

3. Basic Linux Books for beginners must read

To learn Linux well, you need at least: a good introductory textbook, a Linux instruction reference manual, a Linux system Management manual, and a book explaining the principles of Linux systems. Here we recommend several well-known good books:

• "Bird Brother's Linux private cuisine basic study" bird Brother, People's post and telecommunications publishing house

• "Bird Brother's Linux private dishes server erection" bird brother; Machinery Industry Press

• "Linux command, editor and Shell Programming" [US] Bell (Sobell M.G.) Tsinghua University Press

• "Linux device Driver" section Porter; China Power Press
  

• "In-depth understanding of the Linux kernel" (US) Beauvais, Sisteron; China Power Press
  

• Advanced Programming for the UNIX environment W.richard Stevens/stephen A.rago, People's post and telecommunications publishing house
  

4. Familiar with common Linux commands

• Man : Any time you think you're not sure about a command line, you can find out exactly what this command can do by entering "man + command".
  

• ls: lists the contents of the directory.

• pwd: Displays the full path of the current working directory in the terminal.

• CD: to change the directory where you are currently located.

• mkdir: Create a new directory.
  

• CP: copy File/rename file.

• mv: move files.

• Find and locate: Search for files.
  

• Kill: quickly close a process.
  

• passwd: change password.
  

• md5sum: Calculating and verifying MD5 information signatures

• Historical : query History command.

• sudo: The Super User do command allows authorized users to execute commands from Superuser or other users.

• Touch: Create a new file, or update the file's access and modification times to the current time.

• chmod: Modify access permissions for the file.

• chown: Change the file owner and the user group.

• apt: APT is an advanced Package manager developed for the Debian series system (Ubuntu,kubuntu, etc.), which automatically and intelligently searches, installs, upgrades, and resolves dependencies for the package on the Gnu/linux system.

5. Beware of a few mistakes that a novice often makes

• do not log on as a root user: This is the practice of using UNIX, unless it is necessary to run anything under the root user easily.

• file naming confusion: Avoid special characters such as dollar signs ($), brackets, and percent signs (%) that have special meaning for the shell and may cause conflicts. Avoid using spaces, do not use invalid characters, "/" is the root directory-specific.

• All files are mixed together: put the home directory on a separate partition, you can reload the system or even upgrade your entire version without losing your data and personal settings.

• try to click Run. exe file: It is useless to double-click those. exe files unless you have wine installed. New users need to know that both Linux and Windows will only run applications that are developed for their own systems.

• send OpenOffice documents to Microsoft Office users in the default format: Microsoft products are not very friendly to other operating systems and other applications, Many new Linux users tend to have trouble sharing files to their friends because they cannot read their shared file formats, so new Linux users should be careful about the format of the files they store and make sure they can be opened by a similar Microsoft application.  
  

• Ignore updates: new updates can patch some new vulnerabilities. Maintenance updates can construct a watershed between a vulnerable system and a secure system. The security of Linux comes from constant maintenance.  
  

These are some of the operating habits of the error, there are some technical types of errors, you can see the "avoid UNIX and Linux common errors"

6. Visit some Linux communities and websites

Professional Linux website in China

• Chinaunix: Founded in 2001, is a forum to discuss the Linux/unix class operating system technology, software development technology, database technology and network application technology, such as the main open source technology community website.

• Linux Eden Forum: Chinese Gnu/linux Open Source community, open source information portal, provides the latest and fastest Linux and open source information, 24-hour rolling update.

• Linuxcn:linux China is a community focused on Chinese Linux technology and information, where you can get a firsthand knowledge of Linux information and technology.

Famous Foreign Linux website

• Linux Online: The most authoritative Linux Web site, the article discusses all-encompassing, software hardware everything.

• Linux International (Linux International): There is a large list of Linux resources.

• Linux: The best web site to learn Linux and a place to experience Linux.

• linuxforums: provides a comprehensive website of Linux software resources, Linux forums, Linux server distribution information, Linux article tutorials and more.

For more Linux-related learning resources, please see "email protected " for Linux learning resources.

The above content is CSDN code finishing report. If there is any mistake, please criticize.

Resources:

• Dedicated to beginners: How to learn Linux operating system

• 20 commands that are very useful for novice Linux

• Seven habits that a Linux beginner should develop
  

• Linux System Beginner's FAQ Solution aggregation Encyclopedia

• Learn about the top ten mistakes that Linux novices make

Linux Starter Pack