Linux Learning Notes (i) installing Ubtuntu and VMware tools in VMware

Objective

In the development project, we are generally Windows Development Linux deployment system, each show their own advantages, the development of the interface is very convenient for developers to use but because of its interface program exists to occupy a lot of memory and system resources so running services is not particularly stable, Linux is characterized as a server is stable, professional, in the company and many aspects of the use of Linux, now using a lot of Hadoop Big Data computing is running on the Linux system, learning Linux system is behind the foundation, Just starting to learn about Linux is not particularly thorough about its principles and many other features, but only some basic commands and knowledge.

If you want to learn more about big data, servers, and cloud computing and so on, it is necessary to master a solid Linux, even if you do not learn it can be used as a hobby to install a Linux system to play, more contact with different areas of different aspects of content, in the future may be useful.

It took two days to build the Linux system in the virtual machine, familiar with the various commands, and the installation of Tomcat, JDK, and so on, by the way here to summarize.

Linux Systems

Linux is a free-to-use and free-to-propagate Unix-like operating system, a POSIX and Unix-based multiuser, multitasking, multi-threaded and multi-CPU operating system. It can run major UNIX tools software, applications, and network protocols. It supports 32-bit and 64-bit hardware. is a performance-stable multi-user network operating system.
The Linux operating system was born on October 5, 1991. There are many different Linux versions of Linux, but they all use the Linux kernel. Linux can be installed in a variety of computer hardware devices, such as mobile phones, tablets, routers, video game consoles, desktops, mainframes, and supercomputers.
Strictly speaking, the word Linux itself only represents the Linux kernel, but in fact people have become accustomed to using Linux to describe the entire Linux kernel, and use the GNU engineering various tools and databases of the operating system.

Personal understanding of Linux:

There are many Linux systems currently popular, such as Red Hat, Ubtuntu, CentOS, Red Flag, Debian, SuSE, and so on, so many Linux versions of the first contact with Linux may not know which system to use, These systems have the same kernel kernel, except that the peripheral shell and some of the tools that bind to the kernel are not the same, and some companies do encapsulation development on pure Linux for their own convenience, because it is open source code and can be modified by anyone. and produced so many different versions and types, we can also modify its system code, open-source development will be fast, we all develop integrated wisdom, software is moving toward open source direction.

Ubtuntu system

Ubuntu system is a, Ubuntu based Debian distribution and GNOME desktop environment. The goal of Ubuntu is to provide an up-to-date, yet fairly stable, operating system that is primarily built with free software for the general user, free of charge and with community and professional support.

Ubuntu is ideal for users who have just come into contact with Linux, with a simple user interface and the ability to use terminal commands, from WinDOS to Linux over-using the system. But the interface is always nice. If it's just black command-line windows, Plus, it's hard to play Linux with unfamiliar commands.

Ps:linux system has a system default boot level settings, a total of 6 levels, a number of operational permissions and whether the need to start the desktop, whether the command-line display, etc. can be modified according to their own needs of the system's default boot level, we can set according to their own needs.

Installing Ubtuntu in a virtual machine 1. Installing a virtual machine is simple, skip, and you can check the information from the Internet.　　2. Installing Ubtuntu on the VM is also a lot of information, you can check the Internet. 3. Say something you need to be aware of during installation A.linux partition

The Linux system partition is not the same as the window system partition, the file system format is not the same, some partitions need to be built before you can continue to install.

In general, there are at least two mount points in the Linux system, namely/(root directory) and swap (swap partition), in which,/is required;

See below for details:

Recommended list of directories to mount:

/-------root directory, the only directory that must be mounted. Don't hesitate to choose a partition and mount it! (in the vast majority of cases, 2G capacity should be sufficient.) Of course, a lot of things are more and more.

Swap----Swap partition may not be necessary, but by tradition, and take care of your security, just mount it. Its capacity is just about equal to your physical memory, which is a waste if it exceeds your physical memory by twice times the capacity.

/Home---This is your family directory, usually you create your own files, are saved here, you'd better assign it a partition

/usr----the application directory. Most of the software is installed here, if you plan to install a lot of software, it is recommended to assign it a partition

/var----If you want to do some server applications, consider assigning it a larger partition

/Boot---If your hard drive does not support LBA mode (unlikely), you might want to mount it, and if you mount it, mount it on the first partition of the hard disk and it should be more secure. In general, the mounted partition will suffice if it is 100M in size.

I built my own partitions such as:

　　　　　　

Installing the VMware Tools tool

This tool is only for the use of Linux more convenient installation, after installation can set the Linux screen resolution, in the virtual machine inside the newly installed Linux system General screen is particularly small sometimes also show incomplete, some buttons may not show, and sometimes repeatedly in the virtual machine and the system to switch between , and can not copy files between window and virtual machine, etc., install the tool is to solve these problems, convenient for us to use better.

Command-line installation:

1. Create a new mount point directory: Mkdir/mnt/cdrom

2. Mount the optical drive to the directory: Mount/dev/cdrom/mnt/cdrom

3. Switch to mount point directory: Cd/mnt/cdrom

4. List the files inside: LS

5. Copy files to/tmp directory: CP vmwaretools-8.6.1-19175.tar.gz/tmp

6. Switch to/TMP, unzip the file: Tar zxpf vmwaretools-8.6.1-19175.tar.gz

7. Switch to CD Vmware-tools-distrib directory, execute:./vmware-install.pl

8. Start the installation ..., always enter.

For, the installation process diagram

　　

　　

　　

When enjoy appears, the installation is complete, and then enter: Shutdown-r now, rebooting the system indicates that the installation is complete.

The login screen will appear:

　　

Summary

For the Linux system feel is mainly familiar with its principle, and master the use of various commands, and nothing else command is also an accumulation of the process, a variety of commands can not be very familiar, can only from the longest use of the command to start.

Resources

Http://www.cnblogs.com/gylei/archive/2011/12/04/2275987.html

Http://blog.163.com/[email protected]/blog/static/1364973492013810772684/

http://www.xunmeinet.com/help/info.asp?id=79

Http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/5225f26b0ac250e6fb09084e.html

Linux Learning Notes (i) installing Ubtuntu and VMware tools in VMware