Linux NFS File Server installation and configuration

1. Scene

An organization needs to configure the NFS server for synchronizing picture files.

Host Name: nfs.local,test.local

IP address: 192.168.3.15, 192.168.3.18

2. Experimental environment

2.1. Operating system

# Cat/etc/redhat-release

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago)

# uname-a

Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Sun Nov 22:19:54 EST x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 gnu/linux

2.2. Basic Server Configuration

Modify the IP address. (Note: Configured according to your implementation environment)

# Vi/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Device=eth0

Type=ethernet

Onboot=yes

Nm_controlled=yes

Bootproto=static

ipaddr=192.168.3.15

netmask=255.255.255.0

gateway=192.168.3.1

Modify Host Name

# vi/etc/sysconfig/network

Networking=yes

#HOSTNAME =localhost.localdomain

Hostname=nfs.local

# Service Network Restart

To facilitate experimentation, shut down the firewall.

# Service Iptables Stop

# chkconfig Iptables off

Also turn off SELinux.

# Vi/etc/sysconfig/selinux

# This file controls the state of the SELinux on the system.

# selinux= can take one of these three values:

# Enforcing-selinux security policy is enforced.

# Permissive-selinux Prints warnings instead of enforcing.

# disabled-no SELinux policy is loaded.

#SELINUX =enforcing

selinux=Disabled

# selinuxtype= can take one of these the values:

# targeted-targeted processes is protected,

# Mls-multi level Security protection.

selinuxtype=targeted

Restart to take effect.

Reboot or Init 6

3. Server for NFS installation and configuration

3.1. Installing the NFS server component

3.1.1. Installing via Yum

Use YUM to resolve package dependencies.

# yum-y Install Nfs-utils

It's easy to install.

3.2. Start the NFS service

NFS relies on the Rpcbind service, which is set to start automatically

# Chkconfig Rpcbind on

# Chkconfig NFS On

# service Rpcbind Start

# Service NFS Start

Starting NFS services: [OK]

Starting NFS quotas: [OK]

Starting NFS mountd: [OK]

Starting NFS daemon: [OK]

In the log file/var/log/messages, you will see the following information:

RPC.MOUNTD[1797]: Version 1.2.3 Starting

Kernel:nfsd:using/var/lib/nfs/v4recovery as the NFSV4 state

Recovery Directory

Kernel:NFSD:starting 90-second grace period

3.3. Configuring Server for NFS (192.168.3.15)

View the currently shared NFS information

# showmount-e localhost

Export list for localhost: blank no output

Configuring Export Files

# Vi/etc/exports

Add the following and note that there are no spaces between the commas in the options!

/home/tomcat/image/webapps/static/resources * (Rw,no_root_squash,no_all_squash,sync)

Save exit

Exportfs-r//re-mount settings in/etc/exports

Service Rpcbind Restart
Service NFS Restart

3.3.1. Server-side Authentication for NFS sharing:

[Email protected] ~]# SHOWMOUNT-E

Export list for Localhost.localdomain:

/home/tomcat/image/webapps/static/resources *

Note: Normal can display the above settings of the shared directory, if the following error is reported:

Clnt_create:RPC:Program not registered

Description Rpcbind Service and NFS service boot sequence is not right, they both stop, restart, start the Rpcbind service and then start the NFS service;

3.4. Configuring the NFS Client (192.168.3.18)

The NFS client also needs to install the Nfs-utils package.

# yum-y Install Nfs-utils

[Email protected] ~]# showmount-e 192.168.3.15

Export list for 192.168.3.15:

/home/tomcat/image/webapps/static/resources *

3.5. Client base Configuration

Modify the IP address. (Note: Configured according to your implementation environment)

# Vi/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Device=eth0

Type=ethernet

Onboot=yes

Nm_controlled=yes

Bootproto=static

ipaddr=192.168.3.18

netmask=255.255.255.0

gateway=192.168.3.1

Modify Host Name

# vi/etc/sysconfig/network

Networking=yes

#HOSTNAME =localhost.localdomain

Hostname=test.local

# Service Network Restart

In order to facilitate the experiment, the firewall, SELinux shut down.

3.6. Start the service

Start the Rpcbind service, set it to start automatically

# Chkconfig Rpcbind on

# service Rpcbind Start

Client Rpcbind service must be started, NFS can not be started

3.7. Set Startup Auto Mount (192.168.3.18)

[Email protected] ~]# Vi/etc/fstab

New

192.168.3.15:/home/tomcat/image/webapps/static/resources/home/tomcat/image/webapps/static/resources NFS Def Aults 0 0

## /etc/fstab# created by anaconda on fri dec 16 15:54:15  2016## accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under  '/ Dev/disk ' # see man pages fstab (5),  findfs (8),  mount (8)  and/or blkid (8)  for more info#/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root /                        ext4     defaults        1 1uuid= 78193f8b-3efc-4c29-bbaf-2d0b1613d69f /boot                    ext4    defaults         1 2/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_home /home                    ext4    defaults         1 2/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap swap                     swap    defaults         0 0tmpfs                    /dev/shm                 tmpfs   defaults         0 0devpts                   /dev/pts                 devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0sysfs                    /sys                     sysfs    defaults        0 0proc                     /proc                    proc     defaults        0 0192.168.3.15:/home/tomcat/ image/webapps/static/resources /home/tomcat/image/webapps/static/resources            nfs     defaults         0 0

Four. Knowledge expansion

Exports command:

The parameters are described below.
(1)-A: all mounts (or uninstalls) the settings in the/etc/exports file.
(2)-R: Re-mount the settings in/etc/exports, and also update the contents of/etc/exports and/var/lib/nfs/xtab synchronously.
(3)-U: Uninstalls a directory.
(4)-V: Displays the shared directory on the screen at export.

/etc/exports File Content format:

< shared directory > [Client 1 options (access rights, user mappings, others)]

User mapping Options

• All_squash: Maps all normal users and groups that are accessed remotely to anonymous users or user groups (Nfsnobody);

• No_all_squash: Reverse with All_squash (default setting);

• Root_squash: The root user and the owning group are mapped to anonymous users or groups of users (default setting);

• No_root_squash: Reverse with Rootsquash;

• ANONUID=XXX: Maps All remote access users to anonymous users and specifies that the user is a local user (uid=xxx);

• ANONGID=XXX: Maps All remote Access user groups to anonymous user group accounts and specifies that the anonymous user group account is a local user group account (GID=XXX);

Other options

• Secure: Restrict clients from connecting to Server for NFS (default setting) only from TCP/IP ports less than 1024;

• Insecure: Allow clients to connect to the server from TCP/IP ports greater than 1024;

• Sync: It is inefficient to write data synchronously to memory buffer and disk, but it can guarantee the consistency of data;

• Async: Save the data in the memory buffer first, and write to disk if necessary;

• Wdelay: Check if there is a related write operation, if any, then perform these writes together, which can improve the efficiency (default setting);

• No_wdelay: If a write operation is performed immediately, it should be used in conjunction with sync;

• Subtree: If the output directory is a subdirectory, the NFS server will check the permissions of its parent directory (default setting);

• No_subtree: Even if the output directory is a subdirectory, the NFS server does not check the permissions of its parent directory, which can improve efficiency;

This article is from "Operation and maintenance record Mei Ling" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://meiling.blog.51cto.com/6220221/1911807

Linux NFS File Server installation and configuration