Linux operating system installation graphics and text configuration tutorial detailed version _linux

With the development of embedded, Linux knowledge is a necessary part of the following, let us do the Linux system installation process demo:

First, the installation of Linux

In this blog, the Red Flag (red Flag) Asianux Workstation 3 is described as an example, and other versions of Linux are similar.
1.1 Installation Mode
The Linux installation is divided into single system, multiple systems and virtual machines according to the way Linux systems exist in the computer.
1. Single system installation. This means that only Linux is installed on the computer and no other operating system is available.
2. Multi-system installation. Refers to the same computer, in addition to installing a Linux system, there are other operating systems, the need for a reasonable allocation of hard disk space in the computer, and in accordance with the needs of different operating systems, in the hard disk to establish the appropriate format of the partition.
3. Virtual machine installation. The environment in which Linux is installed and run through virtual machine software under installed Windows systems.

second. Pre-Installation Preparation

1, installation VM and preparation work introduction

This installation we adopt the virtual machine installation method, first of course we need to install the virtual machine, Here we use this version of VM virtual Machine Vmware-workstation-full-11.0.0-2305329.exe, and then we need to install the Linux system Red Flag DC Server 5.0 CD, Before installing a Linux system in a virtual machine, make sure that you have enough free space on one of the Windows disks that holds the virtual machine files in the future. If you only install the basic system of Asianux Workstation 3 (1th to 3rd CD), you need about 8G of space, if you need to install management tools (4th CD) or development tools (5th CD), you need to increase the space of 2g/discs on the base system. As the embedded system development of the host computer, the installation of the basic system can be.
Now we install VMware Workstation virtual machine software, the installation of the software is very simple, in the installation process, if there is no special settings, click on the "NEXT" button to complete the installation, after installation will appear on the desktop VMware The workstation icon. As shown in the following illustration:

2. Configuring virtual Machines

Double-click to start the virtual machine software, left mouse button, to create a new virtual machine.

Then click the Next button to select the typical (recommended) (T) type when you select the virtual machine type. Click Next

The New Virtual Machine wizard appears below to choose to install the operating system later, click Next

Select the operating system you want to install, select the Linux option, and then select the other Linux 2.6.x kernel version option in the Version Drop-down list box.

Click to enter the "Naming Virtual Machine interface", as shown in the following image to name

After clicking Next, the disk allocation interface appears, you need to allocate the hard disk space size to the virtual machine, according to the installation needs to enter the corresponding number. Choose the default 8GB here, click Next

The virtual machine information that is set up can also be changed by a custom hardware button, no changes are made here, click the Complete button to proceed to the next step

After clicking the Finish button, we can see the following interface in the virtual machine interface:

3, the installation of Linux system

The specific steps are: Right-click the configured virtual machine name, appear as shown in the following image interface, enter the virtual machine settings interface

Select the CD/DVD (IDE) item on the left side of the window, select the use ISO image file (M) item on the right side of the window, and then click the Browse button to see the following interface, select CD1, and then click OK:

Connect the mirrored file of Linux's first CD-ROM to the virtual machine optical drive, click Confirm Exit

Configure the CD/DVD as shown below to connect the CD/DVD to:

Go back to the page shown below and click to open the virtual machine

will appear as follows (that is, the selection of the installation method)

Note: If you want to switch from a virtual machine to a Windows system, you need to press the "Ctrl+alt" key at the same time to switch

(1) Choose the installation method

After the virtual machine is launched into the Linux installation mode selection interface, directly press ENTER to select a graphical interface to install; Enter the "Linux text" string and press Enter to install the character interface, press the function key F1~f5 to display further details.

Press ENTER directly here to select a graphical interface to install.

(2) test CD

(3) Start the installation with the graphical interface

Next, enter the graphical installation interface, the mouse click "Next" button to go to the next installation interface to continue the installation, click the "Exit" button to discard the installation. Click the Next button here to go to the next installation interface to continue with the installation.

(4) Language selection

Then enter the language selection interface, a total of "Simplified Chinese", "Traditional Chinese", "English", "Japanese", "Korean" and other five languages, the default is English. Select "Simplified Chinese" here, then use the mouse to click the "Next" button to go to the next installation interface to continue the installation.

(5) Whether to accept the installation agreement

Next enter whether to accept the installation protocol selection interface, select "Accept" to continue the installation process, select "Do not accept" Discard installation, the default selection is "not accepted."

Select Accept here and click Next with the mouse to go to the next installation interface to continue the installation.

(6) Select the keyboard

Next enter the keyboard selection interface, you can choose the "Japanese keyboard" or "English keyboard", the default choice of "English keyboard."

Select English keyboard here, and then click the Next button with your mouse to go to the next installation interface to continue the installation.

(7) disk partition settings

Next go to the disk partition Setup interface, if the disk to install Linux is an uninitialized new disk or the partition format of the disk is unknown, the disk initialization warning interface is ejected, prompting the user to initialize the first, and initialization deletes all data from the original disk, where automatic partitioning is selected. Then click Next.

Click on the details, as shown in the following figure: If you select Yes (Y), initialize the disk, if you choose No (N), discard the installation.

Click Next to see the following interface, which is the detailed partitioning problem:, using the default, click Next

Click Next to see the following interface: Select "Yes (Y)" option and click Next

Click Next to see the following interface, take the default way, continue to click Next

(8) Network and host name settings

Next enter the network and host name Settings interface, in the "Network Devices" column can use the check box to select the boot to activate the network card, click the right "edit (D)" button to set and edit the selected network card parameters. By default, the system will automatically activate the NIC in the host at boot time and take advantage of the DHCP (Dynamic host Configuration Protocol) server in the network to obtain network parameters.

In the Host Name column, you can accept the default option, "DHCP automatic configuration (a)" to automatically get the hostname, or select the manual setup (m) option to set the host name.

The default options for the system are accepted here, and the Next button is clicked to go to the next installation interface.

(9) Time zone settings

Next, enter the time zone settings interface, the mouse click on a map of a region or list box can select a different time zone, the default is "Asia/Beijing." Clicking the Adjust date and time button pops up a window that modifies the current host time to modify the current time. The default options for the system are accepted here, and the Next button is clicked to go to the next installation interface.

(10) Set the root user password

Next you need to set the root password, the root is the administrator in the Linux system, with the highest privileges, is the system automatically created during the installation of users. The root password is not less than 6 characters, can be uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and any combination of other characters on the keyboard, because the password does not echo when entered, so it is required to enter two times to avoid errors in the input process.

(11) Set up the installation package

(12) Start installation

If the selected installed package dependency checksum fails, you need to go back to the previous step to select the package you want to install, otherwise, click the Next button to eject the disc you want during installation, click the Continue (C) button to start the installation, click the Back (B) button to return to the Setup package interface, and click The reboot (R) button discards the installation and reboots the system.

Click the Continue (C) button here to start the installation of the package, the system will first format the partition, and then start the installation.

There are various interfaces in the installation process, respectively, with the following installation *, which means:

Install 1

Install 2

(13) Change the operation of the disk
After the current disk installation completes, the system prompts you to insert the next disc to continue the installation.

For a CD-ROM installation directly, remove the original disk from the optical drive, put the next disc in, and click OK to continue the installation (the disc will be added in the same way as the first disc). For a way to install using a CD-ROM image file, you need to hold down the keyboard's CTRL and ALT key to release the mouse, so that the mouse can move out of the virtual machine window, then select menu settings to set up the virtual machine, connect the next disc's mirrored file to the virtual machine's optical drive, and then click OK to continue the installation. Select the second disc to install here

Then enter the Linux click OK button, continue to install (there are a lot of waiting for the interface, has been waiting until the graphical interface to set up the window, interactive operation)

(14) Display Settings

Before the installation is complete, display the Display Settings screen shown in the following figure, for Linux installed in the form of virtual machines, do not modify the default resolution and color depth of the system at this time, since VMware Tools has not been installed, the settings will not take effect, and for single system or multiple system installed Linux, You can set the system resolution and color depth at this time.

Select "Graphics mode (G)" will enable Linux to start the graphical interface directly, and select "Text mode (T)" will enable Linux to start into the character interface, in the character interface to enter the graphics mode, run the command "StartX" can be.

Accept the system default resolution and color depth, select "Graphic mode (G)", click "Next" button after completing the bootstrapper installation, display the system installation of the successful interface, click the "reboot (t)" button, reboot the system.

You need to enter a password after the reboot, as shown in the following figure, enter the password you set at installation:

Enter the password correctly and enter the operating system, we can do simple command line interaction, as follows:

At this point, we have completed the installation of the Linux operating system on the virtual machine, for multiple operating systems installation is to install multiple operating systems, such as Windows, Linux, etc. on the same computer hard disk in different partitions. Windows systems must be installed in the primary partition, and Linux systems can be installed in other partitions.

First you need to install the Windows system. When you partition your hard disk during Windows Setup, you must reserve enough disk space for Linux. After Windows installation is complete, set the CD as the first boot device, and then restart the computer after the first CD-ROM is installed, and Linux installs, and Linux installs the multiple boot Manager grub on the hard drive (Grand Unified Bootloader) software that allows the computer to choose which system to enter when it starts. The Linux installation process for multiple systems is the same as the virtual machine installation process, which is no longer described in detail.

The above is the Linux operating system installation process.