Linux partitioning scheme

I. Introduction of Linux partition mount points

Linux partition mount point introduction, the recommended capacity for reference is not absolute, with the use of various systems and hard disk space quotas and other factors are actually adjusted:

Partition type	Introduced	Note
/boot	Boot partition	General Settings The 100m-200m,boot directory contains the kernel of the operating system and the files to be used during the boot process.
/	Root partition	All directories that do not specify a mount point are placed under this mount point.
/home	User Directory	Generally 100M per user, special purposes, such as enlarged files can also add G. The partition size depends on the number of users. For multi-user computers, it is recommended to separate home/home, but also good control of ordinary user rights, such as the user or user groups to implement disk quota restrictions, user access and so on.
/tmp	Temporary files	General Settings 1-5g, easy to load ISO image file use, for multi-user system or network server to also have a separate mount necessary. Temporary file directory, which is also one of the most frequently problematic directories.
/usr	File system	General settings to 3-15g, most of the user-installed software programs are here. It's like the Windows directory and the program Files directory. Many Linux family systems sometimes use/usr/local as a mount point alone.
/var	Variable Data Catalog	Contains data to be changed when the system is running. Typically, the size of the directory in which the data resides is constantly changing, and system logging is also under/var/log. General multi-user system or network server to establish this partition, set up this partition, the maintenance of the system log is very helpful. Generally set 2-3g size, you can also put the rest of the hard disk space is divided into var.
/srv	System Services Directory	The file directory that is required to store the service startup is not always changed.
/opt	Additional applications	Storage of optional installation files, individuals generally download their own software data inside, such as office, QQ and so on.
Swap	Swap partition	Generally twice times the memory, the maximum specified 2G can be
		The following are other commonly used partition mount points
/bin	Binary executable Directory	Stored binary executable program, the inside of the program can be called directly from the command line, without the need to enter the folder where the program.
/sbin	System administrator commands to store directories	Store standard system administrator files
/dev	Storing device files	driver files, etc.
...		No longer introduce ...

Of course, there are so many mount points above, in fact there is no comparison of each directory is mounted separately, we just need to mount the individual directories according to their actual use, so that the system structure will look a lot leaner.

In general, the Linux system has a minimum mount point of two is the root mount point/And the other is swap, although swap can also be substituted in other ways, but from the perspective of use, the day edge is not considered necessary, set the swap to a single mount point seems to better support the standard of Linux system.

Second, Linux system desktop, server partition recommendation scheme

The following is an example of installing Ubuntu on a 80G standalone hard drive, listing a simple partitioning scheme.

1, ordinary desktop user recommended partitioning scheme (example: 80G Desktop users):

2, the server user recommended partition scheme One (example: 80GWEB server user, user program and System program shared USR):

2, the server user recommended partition Scheme II (example: 80GWEB server users, user programs and system programs are divided into opt and usr):

Linux partitioning scheme