Linux Server System CentOS, UBuntu, Gentoo, FreeBSD, debian comparison _linux

Official website: http://www.centos.org/

CentOS is actually the core of Redhat, the feeling is mature and stable, compared to the old Redhat, he has a more than a yum command, learn debian like automatic installation software; But I feel that CentOS can yum things that are less than Debian or Ubuntu. CentOS swim between young and mature, it is more security than Ubuntu, Look at his CentOS5.0. The default one is installed and open the firewall to know; and there is a call selinux in the inside, so that the permissions between different programs Limited, this is also my outfit CentOS some software often inexplicable wonderful to tell me "no permissions" of a reason. Later, because some software had a night, did not make a success, such as Vsftp+pam_mysql certification, angrily put him out of the lattice.

Official website: http://www.ubuntu.org.cn/

Ubuntu is the continuation of the Debian version, Apt-get automatic installation, the way to update the software, is the Debian initiative (it should be him!) Compared to his Apt-get software library and the source of a lot of powerful, but also many, our server in addition to a magickwand (ImageMagick php API), everything else is apt-get down, installation does not take a minute; feel Ubuntu more free , small, flexible, a bit of a young man's feeling.

Use experience: The new version of the Ubunt7.10 (is our current edition), compared to 6.10, a very practical function, is that you choose your region, such as my selected country, after the installation of your source automatically became the source of China! This is so cool that you don't have to go around looking for another source to replace it. The other source must pay attention, do not change, we have because of chaos, resulting in the software version of all messed up, I was in a rush yesterday again to reload again, this just resumed.

In addition: If you apt-get failure, the error message is E:broken package, how to deal with? I found in Google for a long time did not find the answer, and then their own practice, found that the original is the source of the problem, he found on the source of some depends on the relationship of the package, it was not successful. At this time can try to switch to other sources, but note that you must keep the original backup! I think the official source is already quite complete, not the last resort is not easy to get rid of. Note that after changing the source to Apt-get update.

Another experience is that the CD-ROM placed in the system installation disc, but also a very good source Oh! Many software is not downloaded online, directly in the disc is a very new version, is also a good choice.

Official website: http://www.gentoo.org/

Gentoo, it is estimated that the best performance, because he installed super trouble; it is said that his idea is to let you know how the Linux everything is coming out! It's all up to you to decide! But because everyone is tired of cumbersome, this version is in decline.

Official website: http://www.freebsdchina.org/

FreeBSD is another kind of kernel, does not belong to the Linux, our previous hundred steps ladder's server is uses the FreeBSD, is said to be the strongest performance. But the kernel is not the same, we dare not try this time.

Linux was first written by Linus Benedict Torvalds in 1991. Prior to this, Richard Stallman created the free Software Foundation (FSF) and GNU projects, and continued to write and create GNU programs (such programs are licensed Gpl:general public License). With the continued participation of prominent programmers and developers in the GNU organization, we have created what we see today as Linux, or Gnu/linux.

Linux distributions can be broadly divided into two categories, one for commercial companies to maintain and one for community organizations to maintain, the former being represented by the famous Redhat (RHEL) and the latter in Debian. Here are the features of each release:

Redhat, which should be called the Redhat series, includes Rhel (Redhat Enterprise Linux, the so-called Redhat Advance Server, billing version), Fedora Core (developed from the original Redhat desktop version) , free version), CentOS (RHEL's Community clone version, free). Redhat should be said to be the most popular Linux version in the country, even some people will redhat equivalent to Linux, and some veteran is only use this version of Linux. So this version of the feature is the use of large numbers of people, the information is very much, the implication is that if you have any do not understand the place, it is easy to find people to ask, and the online general Linux tutorials are redhat as an example to explain. Redhat series of package management method is based on the RPM package Yum package Management, package distribution is a compiled binary file. Stability Rhel and CentOS are very good for server use, but Fedora Core is less stable and preferably only for desktop applications.

Debian, or Debian series, including Debian and Ubuntu. Debian is a model for community-class Linux and is by far the most compliant Linux system in the GNU code. Debian was first created by Ian Murdock in 1993 and is divided into three versions (branch): stable, testing and unstable. Among them, unstable is the latest beta version, which includes the latest packages, but also has a relatively large number of bugs for desktop users. Testing's version is tested in unstable, relatively stable, and supports a number of new technologies (such as SMP). Stable is typically used only for servers, most of which are outdated, but both stable and secure are very high. Debian is most characteristic of apt-get/dpkg package management, in fact, Redhat's Yum is also in imitation of Debian's apt way, but in the binary file distribution method, APT should be the best. Debian is also rich in information, there are many support communities, there are problems to ask for advice also have a place to go:

Ubuntu is strictly not a stand-alone release, and Ubuntu is based on the unstable version of Debian, so to speak, Ubuntu is a near-perfect Linux desktop with all the benefits of Debian and the advantages it strengthens. Depending on the desktop system you choose, there are three versions available, based on Gnome Ubuntu, Kubuntu based on KDE, and Xubuntu based on XFC. The features of the interface is very friendly, easy to start, hardware support is very comprehensive, is the most suitable for desktop system Linux distribution version.

Gentoo, the great Gentoo is the youngest distribution in the Linux world, and because of its young age, it is able to absorb the benefits of all the distributions before her, which is one of the reasons why Gentoo is known as the perfect Linux distribution. Gentoo was originally created by Daniel Robbins, one of FreeBSD's developers, and the first stable version was released in 2002. Due to the developers of FreeBSD familiar, so Gentoo has comparable to the FreeBSD of the reputation of the ports system--portage package management system. Different from the apt and yum of binary file Distribution management system, Portage is distributed based on source code, must be compiled to run, for large software is relatively slow, but because all software is compiled on the local machine, after a variety of customized compilation parameters optimization, Can make the machine's hardware performance to the extreme. Gentoo is the most complex installation in all Linux distributions, but it is the most manageable version of the installation and is the fastest version in the same hardware environment.

Finally, introduce FreeBSD, need to emphasize is: FreeBSD is not a Linux system! However, FreeBSD and Linux user groups are quite a bit of overlap, the two support hardware environment is also more consistent, the software is similar, so you can FreeBSD as a Linux version to compare. FreeBSD has two branches: stable and current. As the name suggests, stable is a stable version, while current is a beta version of the new technology added. FreeBSD using ports package management system, similar to Gentoo, based on source code distribution, the local machine must be postscript to run, but ports system is not easy to use portage system, slightly more complex to use. The biggest feature of FreeBSD is stability and efficiency, the best choice for the server operating system, but the hardware support is not complete Linux, so it is not suitable as a desktop system.

Here are some suggestions for friends who are worried about choosing a Linux distribution:

If you just need a desktop system, and you don't want to use piracy and don't want to spend a lot of money buying business software, you need a Linux distribution that works for your desktop, and if you don't want to customize anything and waste too much time on the system, it's easy, You can choose from Ubuntu, Kubuntu and Xubuntu according to your hobby, the difference between the three is only the desktop program.

If you need a desktop system, and want to be very flexible to customize your Linux system, want to make your machine run more Huan, do not mind the installation of Linux system waste a little time, then your only choice is Gentoo, enjoy the free pleasure Gentoo bring!
If you need a server system, and you are very tired of all kinds of Linux configuration, just want a more stable server system, then your best choice is CentOS, after installation, after a simple configuration can provide a very stable service.
If you need a rock-solid, very stable server system, your only option is FreeBSD.

If you need a stable server system, and want to delve into the various aspects of Linux knowledge, want to customize a lot of content, then I recommend you to use Gentoo.