Linux Text editor Vim/vi detailed introduction

Two: Text editor Vim / Vi (get up early and call Vi later upgraded version Vim)
vim / vi is a powerful full-screen text editor, the most commonly used text editor on linux / unix,
Its role is to create, edit, and display text files.
vim / vi has no menu, only commands ---- Official: www.vim.org
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Three modes:
vi filename command mode
Press i, a, o to insert mode
: set nu edit mode (set line number, this is the edit mode, the beginning of the :)
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Common commands:
One group: Insert command
Command effect
a Append text after cursor
A Append text at the end of this line
i Insert text before the cursor
I insert text at the beginning of this line
o Insert new line under cursor
O insert new line on cursor
Two groups: positioning command
Command effect
h, left arrow
j 、 Down arrow key Move down one line
k 、 Up arrow key Move down one line
l, right arrow, move one character to the right
$ Move to end of line
0 Move to the beginning of the line (letter zero)
H Move to the top of the screen
M Move to the center of the screen
L Move to the bottom of the screen
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: set nu set line number
: set nonu cancel line number
gg to the first line
G to the last line
nG to nth line
: n to line n
Three groups: delete command
Command effect
x delete the character at the cursor
nx delete n characters after the cursor
dd deletes the cursor line, ndd deletes n lines
dG delete the contents of the cursor to the end
D delete from cursor to end of line
: n1, n2d delete the specified range of lines such as: 66,67d-delete 66-67 lines
Four groups: copy and cut commands
Command effect
yy, Y copy the current line
nyy, nY Copy the current n lines --- 5yy (copy 5 lines including the current line)
dd cut the current line
ndd cut n lines below the current line
p, P Paste under the current cursor line (p) or above the line (P)
Five groups: replace and cancel commands
Command effect
r replaces the character at the cursor
R Replace characters from the cursor position, press Esc to end
u Cancel the previous operation

Six: search and replace commands
Command effect
/ string Search forward for the specified string. The search is case-insensitive: set ic (execute the ceil before it is case-insensitive) --set noic close
--- For example: / leyangjun command mode, press n to search leyangjun in turn
n Search for the next occurrence of the specified character string
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:% s / old / new / g Full text replacement specified string (% s means full text replacement)
For example:% s / ftp / leyangjun / g replace all ftp with leyangjun in the full text, g means no confirmation is required when replacing
: n1, n2s / old / new / g Replace the specified string within a certain range
For example: 4,10 / leyangjun / ftp / g Replace all leyangjun in lines 4-10 with ftp
4,10 / leyangjun / ftp / c Confirmation required
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Save and exit: ----: wq is equivalent to shift + ZZ
Force save and exit: wq! (Only the owner / root of the file can operate)
Save as: w /root/service.bak Save as root
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Application example:
Import file contents: r file name (when you are editing a file, you can import the contents of b file into a file)
For example:: r / etc / leyangjun Import the leyangjun file into the contents of the currently edited file.
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Execute the command in vi :! command
For example: I am editing a file but now I want to see the contents of a file
:! ls / root-> prompt you to press enter and go back
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For example: combined with the above import, import the result of a command execution into a file
: r! date ---- Import dates into the file I am editing now
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Define shortcuts: map shortcuts trigger commands
Example:: map ^ P I # <ESC> ^ means a shortcut key Note that you must use ctrl + v + p to get ^ p
I # means insert a #, (I means enter insert mode)
: map ^ E [email protected] (press ctrl + v + E, there is a letter i) Shortcut for inserting mailbox
Cancellation: unmap ^ P (ctrl + v + p)
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Consecutive line comments: n1, n2s / ^ / # / g (/ ^ means the beginning of the line)
Example: 4,8s / ^ / # / g (4-8 lines plus # to comment out)
: n1, n2s / ^ / # // g
Example: 4,8s / ^ / # // g (remove the # of lines 4-8) The meaning of substitution is empty
: n1, n2s / ^ / \ / \ // g
Example: 4,8s / ^ / \ / \ // g (remove the comment symbol from line 4-8 //)
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Replace (ab is recommended, more convenient than shortcut keys)
: ab mymail [email protected] (ab command can be understood as replacing a with b)
When you are finished, you can go back to your current edit text: you enter myemail-> Enter or space, you will find it replaced with [email protected]
unab myemail (undefine ab)
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vi configuration key:
Change the configuration file of vi (after the modification, the next time you open the file, follow the configuration file):
~ home director into the tree home directory (eg / home / leyangjun)
~ / .vimrc Each user has their own vim configuration file, which is empty by default  Actual operation:
1: vi /root/.vimrc or vi ~ / .vimrc
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2: Edit
set nu (the line number will be next time you open each file)
ab lyj leyangjun 

Linux Text editor Vim/vi detailed introduction