Linux VI Command

1, VI of the basic concept
Basically VI can be divided into three kinds of States, namely:

Command mode

Insertion modes (insert mode)

Bottom-row mode (last line mode)

The functions of each mode are differentiated as follows:
1) command-line mode
Controls the movement of the screen cursor, the deletion of characters, words, or lines, moving and copying a section and entering insert mode, or to last line mode.
2) Insert mode
Only in the Insert mode, you can do text input, press "esc" to return to the command line mode.
3) Bottom Line mode
Save or Exit VI, or you can set the editing environment, such as looking for a string, listing line numbers ... such as

In general, however, we simplify the VI into two modes when we use it, that is, the bottom row mode (last line mode) is also counted as the command-line pattern.

2, VI of the basic operation
A) Enter VI after the system hint sign VI and file name, enter the vi full Screen editing screen:
$ VI myfile
However, it is important to note that after you enter VI, you are in command mode.

You will be able to enter text by switching to "insert mode". The first person who uses VI will want to first move the cursor with the upper and lower keys,

As a result, the computer has been beeping, the gas to death, so enter the VI, do not move, switch to "insert mode" and then!

b) switch to insert mode to edit the file
Press the letter "i" under Command mode to enter "Insert Mode" and then click

At this point you can start typing text.

c) Toggle of Insert
You are currently in "Insert Mode", you can only enter text, if you find the wrong word! To move back with the cursor key,

To delete the word, first click the "esc" key to go to command mode and then delete the text.

d) Exit VI and save the file
Under Command mode, click the ":" colon key to enter "last line mode", for example:
: w filename (enter "w filename" to save the article with the filename you specified)
: Wq (input "wq", save and Exit VI)
: q! (Enter q!, do not save the mandatory exit VI)

3. Command mode function key
1). Insert mode
Press "i" switch into insert mode "insert mode", press "I" into the insertion mode is the beginning of the cursor from the current position to enter the file;
After pressing "a" into insert mode, the text is entered from the next position at the current cursor position;
When you press "o" to enter insert mode, you insert a new line and enter text from the beginning of the beginning.

2). Switch from insert mode to command line mode
Press the "esc" key.

3). Move the cursor
VI can be directly with the cursor on the keyboard to move up and down, but the normal VI is the lowercase English letter "h", "j", "k", "l",

Controls the left, bottom, top, and right shifts of the cursor, respectively.
Press "ctrl"+"b": The screen moves one page to the back.
Press "ctrl"+"f": The screen moves one page to the front.
Press "ctrl"+"u": The screen moves the half page toward the back.
Press "ctrl"+"d": The screen moves the half page toward the front.

Press number "0": Move to the beginning of the article.
Press "g": Moves to the end of the article.
Press "$": Moves to the end of the line where the cursor is located.
Press "^": Move to the beginning of the line where the cursor is located
Press "w": The cursor jumps to the beginning of the next word
Press "e": The cursor jumps to the end of the next word
Press "b": The cursor returns to the beginning of the previous word
Press #l: The cursor moves to the first # position of the line, such as: 5l,5 6l.

4). Delete the text
"x": Each time you press the cursor, delete the "after" character at the location of the pointer.
#x: For example, "6x" represents the "after" 6 characters of the location where the cursor was deleted.
"x": An uppercase X, each time it is pressed, deletes the "front" character at the cursor location.
#X: For example, "20x" represents the "front" 20 characters of the location where the cursor was deleted.
"dd": Deletes the row where the cursor is located.
#dd: Deletes the # line from the line where the cursor is located

5). Copy
"yw": Copies the character at the end of the cursor to the buffer.
#yw: Copy the # Word to buffer
"yy": Copy the row of the cursor to the buffer.
#yy: For example, "6yy" represents a copy of 6 lines of text from the line where the cursor is located.
"p": Paste the characters in the buffer to the cursor location. Note: All copy commands related to "Y" must be mated with "P" to complete the copy and paste function.

6). Replace the
"r": replaces the character at which the cursor is located.
"r": Replaces the character where the cursor is located until the "esc" key is pressed.

7). Reply to the last action
"u": If you mistakenly execute a command, you can press "u" immediately to go back to the previous action. Multiple replies can be performed by pressing "U" multiple times.

8). Change the
"cw": Change the word to the end of the cursor
"c#w": For example, "c3w" represents a change of 3 words

9). Jumps to the specified line
"ctrl"+"g" lists the line number of the line where the cursor is located.
#G: For example, "15g", which means moving the cursor to the beginning of the 15th line of the article.

4. Next line mode command brief
Before using "last line mode", remember to press "esc" to make sure you are under "command mode" and then press ":" Colon to enter "last line mode".

A) List line numbers

"set nu": After you enter "set nu", the line numbers are listed before each line in the file.

B) jump to a line in the file

The "#":"#" number represents a number, enter a number after the colon, and then press ENTER to jump to the line, such as entering the number 15, and then enter, you will jump to the 15th line of the article.

C) Find characters

"/Keyword: First press the"/"key, and then enter the character you want to look for, if the first keyword is not what you want, you can always press"n"will look back to the keyword you want.

"? keyword": Press "?" first Key, and then enter the character you want to find, if the first keyword is not what you want, you can always press "n" will look forward to the keyword you want.

D) Save the file

"w": Enter the letter "w" the colon to save the file.

E) Leave VI

"q": Press "q" is to exit, if you cannot leave VI, can be "q" followed by a "!" Forced to leave VI.

"qw": Generally recommended to leave, use with "w", so you can also save the file when exiting.

5. VI Command List
1. The following table lists the functions of some keys in the command mode:

H
Move left cursor one character

L
Move the cursor one character to the right

K
Move the cursor up one line

J
Move the cursor down one line

^
Cursor moves to the beginning of the line

0
Number "0", the cursor moves to the beginning of the article

G
Cursor moves to the end of the article

$
Move cursor to end of line

Ctrl+f
Flip the screen forward

Ctrl+b
Flip the screen backwards

Ctrl+d
Turn Half-screen forward

Ctrl+u
Turn Back half screen

I
Insert a character before the cursor position

A
The next character at the cursor position begins to increment

O
Insert a new row, starting at the beginning of the line

Esc
Fallback from input state to command state

X
Delete the character following the cursor

#x
# characters after the cursor is deleted

X
(uppercase x), delete the character in front of the cursor

#X
Delete the # characters before the cursor

Dd
Delete the line where the cursor is located

#dd
Remove the # line from the number of lines that the cursor contains

yw
Copy a word where the cursor is located

#yw
Copy the # Word where the cursor is located

Yy
Copy a row where the cursor is located

#yy
Copy the # line from the number of lines where the cursor is located

P
Paste

U
Cancel operation

cw
Change a word in the position of your cursor

#cw
Change the # Word where the cursor is located


2, the following table lists some instructions in the line command mode
W filename
Save the file you are editing as filename

WQ filename
Save the file being edited as filename and exit VI

Q!
Discard all changes, exit VI

Set Nu
Show line Numbers

Or?
Find, enter what you are looking for in/after

N
with/or, if the search is not the keyword you are looking for, press N or backwards (with/to) or forward (with?) to continue looking until you find it.


For the first use VI, there are a few notes to remind:
1. After opening the file with VI, it is in "command mode".

You will be able to enter text by switching to "insert mode".

Toggle Method: Click the letter "i" under "command mode" to enter "Insert Mode",

At this point you can start typing text.
2, after editing, you need to switch from insert mode to command line mode in order to save the file, switch method: Press the "esc" key.
3. Save and exit the file: Enter in command mode: WQ! (Don't forget to wq the front)

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Linux VI Command