list* man Whatis chmod PS kill PID

* Indicates a wildcard symbol,? Represents a single character; for LS list*, the file starting with list is in the current directory, while LS *list represents the end of the list in the current directory; for LS? The list represents a file in the current directory with only a single character in front of the list.

For the name of the directory is also as far as possible to use letters and numbers to name, rather than using special characters, in addition, it is recommended to use the dot (.) Last file type, such as. doc so good to find files, such as LS *.doc so that it will be convenient for later use.

If you don't know how to use a command to find the online manuals, you can use the Man command to find it, whereas the Whatis command simply gives a simple description of the command.

Apropos keyword to query for commands that contain keywords.

Ls-l (or ll) indicates the list of files in the directory and the properties of the directory, D for the directory,-for the file, and for directories and files to be displayed in a different form; Ls-g is similar to ls-l, except that owner is not displayed; For the user's classification, the first three permissions for the owner, The three represent group of people whom the file or directory belongs, and the latter three represent other visitors.

For files:
R for read function, W for write function and modified function, X for execution function;
For catalogs:
R Indicates whether there is permission to display all the files under the directory, W indicates whether the files under this directory can be deleted and whether the files can be moved into this directory; X indicates whether there is permission to get the files under the directory, for example, suppose you can also have permission to read files in the directory so that you can read this file. Therefore, if you want to read a file, you must have access (x) permissions to the directory, including its parent directory.

Changing attributes uses chmod, but it's worth noting that chmod is only available to owner. In chmod, u means that user,g means that the group,o means that the all,r represents read,w for write (and delete), X for execution and access to the directory, + for privilege, and--for reduced permissions. For example, chmod go-
RWX test indicates that the RWX function for group and others is canceled for the test file.

For the program through the PID as the identity, you can use PS to see all the current program (foreground, Hang, backstage), for some longer programs can be executed through the background, and finally return to the results of the operation. Run the daemon, you can add &amp after the command, it displays the job number in square brackets, the PID is displayed, and the foreground running program is spooled, for example, you can sleep 10, and then enter CTRL + Z to use BG for background, But do not need to be the background of human-machine communication. For the running, foreground and pending, it has a job number, through jobs to view, for the pending need to re-run in the foreground, can FG Jobnumber, for no Jobnumber, is the last to hang. For terminating a program, such as a program running in a foreground, CTRL + C, you can use kill jobnumber for kill a suspended or background program. Alternatively, you can use PS to view the PID and use the kill PID to terminate it, and if it is killed, you can use kill-9 to terminate it.

Ls-lag,ll,ls-l is the same meaning; Command & is run in the background; CTRL + C means a program that kill is running in the foreground, and CTRL + Z means that a program is suspended in the foreground; BG indicates that a suspended program is running in the background Jobs lists the current jobs,ps, and FG Jobnumber indicates that the foreground runs the Jobnumber program; kill Jobnumber represents the Kill Jobnumber program; Kill process number indicates that a process is terminated.

Quota (need to install yourself)-V is used to view the remaining space in the current QUOTA;DF display file system, DF. Indicates that the space remaining in the current file system is displayed, and Du indicates that each subdirectory space is displayed. Compress (need to install), is to reduce file size, directly can compress yxg.txt and then the system will show the YXG.TXT.Z type, decompression can be used uncompress yxg.txt.z can be restored. Similarly, you can use gzip and gunzip. File * can display the type of files in the home directory. History displays previously used commands, and you can use set history to increase the size of the history. Which,!! (Previous command),! -3 (three recent commands),! 5 (Fifth command in list),! grep (Start the latest command with grep).

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list* man Whatis chmod PS kill PID