Looking forward to the future development of broadband access networks

Broadband access networks are still quite common. Here I will introduce the main problems of the current IP network and the development trend of the IP network, we hope to have a better understanding of broadband access networks.

1 Introduction

The rapid development of Internet broadband users has led to the rapid popularization of data services and the rapid growth of communication business income. With the network segmentation, the IP service has initially emerged as a technical basis to replace voice communication. Broadband access networks have become the core driving force for the development of IP services, and the IP business operation model has gradually matured.

2 main problems with the current IP Network

In the face of the strategic transformation from the voice service to the data service in the telecom industry, and the inevitable trend of network IP, various operators have successively constructed IP data networks, which have basically been built to a certain scale, A wide range of IP data networks. However, there are still deficiencies in the bearer and operation of existing IP networks. operators still have doubts about whether the existing IP network can carry various telecom-grade services.

In terms of service bearer, since the Internet entered the telecom-grade commercial field, the original best-effort transmission technology cannot meet the different requirements of different users and applications. The IP technology is gradually improved to meet the different network requirements of different users and applications. Due to the lack of complete system considerations, the existing IP network still has many problems in carrier-level service bearer. Although the IP network has made great progress in QoS, most of the existing IP networks only provide relative priority processing on a single node. If the service perception and broadband access network control are not solved at the full network layer, especially in the broadband access network, it is impossible to truly solve the end-to-end service quality problem. In addition, the shortcomings of existing IP networks in service bearer are also reflected in the lack of network service security and network management capabilities. Due to the openness of the IP technology, the IP network services are vulnerable to attacks, hackers are everywhere, and services are attacked from time to time. These all lead to the inability to improve the user experience, especially for business users who have great concerns. In terms of network management, traditional IP networks do not have a defined and designed Management and Maintenance System for the public environment. When a network failure occurs, the fault points cannot be located or cannot be located quickly, affects the service quality of network services.

In terms of business operation model, despite the rapid growth of data communication services and consensus on the trend of network IP, data services have not yet become the main business revenue source of operators, the proportion of Data businesses in the entire telecom business revenue is still small, and it is difficult to Support the Development of the Next Generation Telecom business, which is not commensurate with the number of IP network users and business volume. Currently, one of the main factors restricting the development of data services is the singleton of service and tariff models, which is not conducive to absorbing consumer groups at various levels into the network; the other is the lack of mature business operation models, there is no well-established broadband industry chain, and various resources in society are absorbed into the network to enrich the network content and keep customers on the network. Third, there is a lack of user interest, services that can be consumed at the same time.

The business model is the key to making profits for IP networks. The existing IP networks should be improved in terms of service bearer and operation methods, so as to improve the bearer capability of the network to services, ensure the quality of service bearer, and increase the ARPU value, it is out of the dilemma of "increasing revenue without increasing revenue" in IP network operations.

3. Development Trends of IP Networks

3.1 IP Telecommunication Network
1) the requirements that must be met by the IP network that primarily hosts the network
According to the current network development trend, the next generation network is a comprehensive and open network that can provide various services. As the main bearer network supporting next-generation telecommunication services, IP networks must meet the following requirements:

◆ Operable and manageable. Next-generation networks should be able to provide operators with a set of convenient management methods for network business operations, including user management, management of network elements, management of network resources, and management of services.
◆ Provides multi-service bearer capabilities. The competition in the telecom industry is full-service competition. The operator hopes to provide the bearer of multiple services on one network, so as to reduce the infrastructure overhead and operation and maintenance costs. The IP bearer network must not only support existing Internet services, multimedia services such as voice and video, but also support new services such as NGN and 3G.
◆ Ensure service quality. The IP bearer network must first be a highly stable and highly available network to ensure reliable business operation. Secondly, it should be able to ensure that users can provide the same or even better service quality similar to the original telecom network, so that the latency, latency jitter, and packet loss of services on the network are controllable and predictable.
◆ Business security. The IP bearer network must have the security of providing end-to-end services. Avoid or reduce the impact of hackers or other malicious attacks on network services. Network service security is protected by using methods such as network device protection against attacks, user service protection, and preventing illegal user service theft.

2) Characteristics of IP Telecom Networks
IP Telecommunication Network (IPTN) is a communication network solution based on the IP network technology that can meet telecom operation requirements, reduce investment and increase value. It can carry traditional PSTN services and data leased line services, and support new IP services with telecom service quality. Instead of denying existing IP networks, IP networks are transforming existing IP networks to solve QoS, security, and management problems of IP networks. IP Telecom networks have the following features:

◆ It can coexist with existing IP networks without affecting traditional services without QoS;
◆ Capable of carrying traditional telecom services and supporting new telecom services;
◆ Apply for resources before use, ensure resources during use, and release resources after use;
◆ Hierarchical network structure, including the logical bearer layer, bearer control layer, and business control layer;
◆ The bearer layer is based on MPLS and is separated from the resources of traditional IP services;
◆ The bearer control layer introduces CM to achieve unified resource management.

3) Introduction to the IPTN network Reference Model
At present, the industry has gradually reached consensus on the concept and development of IP Telecom networks.
◆ The IP terminal is the first IP device that the user enters the carrier's IP network. the physical location of the device on the carrier's network is generally in the position of the carrier's PSTN network terminal board, in terms of device form, it is a device that adds necessary functions on the basis of an existing BAS device or an mpls vpn pe device. The device should also provide bandwidth management functions, firewall, encryption verification and VPN functions, support user management, business management, and implement QoS Management with the bearer network.

◆ The Broadband Access Network of the IP Broadband Access Network is a network belonging to the operator from the user to the IP address Board. To ensure the controllability, manageability and security of the network, the IP address access network must be a L2 network.

◆ The network construction mode of the IP backbone network can be either: one is to create a physical IP network for the IP Telecom Service separately, and the network security and reliability are higher, the requirements for IP terminal equipment can also be lower. The other is that IP Telecom Services and Internet services share a physical network. In this case, necessary technical means must be used to isolate IP Telecom Services and Internet services from resources, to prevent the impact of uncertain factors such as Internet services or various network attacks and emergencies on IP Telecom Services, MPLS Traffic Engineering Technology is generally used to isolate resources of two logical business networks.

◆ In order to provide an end-to-end and strictly QoS-guaranteed bearer channel for IP Telecom Services, IP terminals must accept unified resource management control.

◆ The IP Broadband Access Network and the IP backbone network have different QoS implementation mechanisms. The implementation mechanism of the IP Broadband Access Network QoS is also related to specific broadband access network methods.

◆ The billing mode of the IP Telecom network is based on the service. The user perceives the service quality at the service layer rather than the QoS at the bearer layer. The user's service can be guaranteed by the following methods: the user applies for the service, the Service determines the QoS, the service applies for QoS from the network, and the user pays the carrier according to the service used.

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