Magic numbers for different file types

Here, we refer to magic numbers for different file types. It specifies the first few bytes of a file that are used to uniquely distinguish other file types. With these magic numbers, we can easily differentiate different files, which makes programming easier, because I reduce the time it takes for us to differentiate the file type of a file.

For example, some bytes starting with a jpeg file may be similar to this"Ffd8 ffe0 0010 4a46 4946 0001 0101 ...... Jfif ..... G", Here"Ffd8"It indicates that this file is a jpeg file ,"Ffe0"Indicates that this is a jfif type structure.

The following example shows some common file types, as well as several starting bytes used to determine the file type and the ASCII numbers on the pointed point:

Image files

File Type	Extension	Hexadecimal number XX indicates the variable.	ASCII number . = Not ASCII characters
Bitmap format	. BMP	42 4D	BM
Fits format	. Fits	53 49 4D 50 4C 45	Simple
GIF format	. Gif	47 49 46 38	Gif8
Graphics Kernel System	. GKS	47 4B 53 4D	Gksm
Iris RGB format	. RGB	01 da	..
ITC (cmu wm) Format	. ITC	F1 00 40 bb	....
JPEG file Interchange Format	. Jpg	FF D8 FF E0	....
NIF (Navy TIFF)	. NIF	49 49 4E 31	Iin1
PM format	. PM	56 49 45 57	View
PNG format	. PNG	89 50 4E 47	. PNG
Postscript format	. [E] PS	25 21	%!
Sun rasterfile	. RAS	59 A6 6a 95	Y. J.
Targa format	. TGA	Xx	...
Tiff format (Motorola-big endian)	. Tif	4d 4D 00 2a	Mm .*
Tiff format (Intel-little endian)	. Tif	49 49 2a 00	II *.
X11 bitmap format	. Xbm	Xx
Xcf gimp file structure	. Xcf	67 69 6D 70 20 78 63 66 20 76	Gimp xcf
Xfig format	. Fig	23 46 49 47	# Fig
XPM format	. XPM	2f 2a 20 58 50 4D 20 2a 2f	/* XPM */

Compressed file

File Type	Extension	Hexadecimal number XX indicates the variable.	ASCII number . = Not ASCII characters
Bzip	. Bz	42 5A	BZ
Compress	. Z	1f 9d	..
GZIP format	. GZ	1f 8b	..
PKZIP format	. Zip	50 4B 03 04	PK ..

Archive files

File Type	Extension	Hexadecimal number XX indicates the variable.	ASCII number . = Not ASCII characters
Tar (pre-POSIX)	. Tar	Xx	(A filename)
Tar (POSIX)	. Tar	75 73 74 61 72	USTAR (offset by 257 bytes)

Executable files

File Type	Extension	Hexadecimal number XX indicates the variable.	ASCII number . = Not ASCII characters
MS-DOS, OS/2 or MS windows		4d 5A	MZ
UNIX elf		7f 45 4C 46	. Elf

Other files

File Type	Extension	Hexadecimal number XX indicates the variable.	ASCII number . = Not ASCII characters
PGP Public Ring		99 00	..
PGP security ring		95 01	..
PGP security ring		95 00	..
PGP encrypted data		A6 00	Invalid.