Must learn 100 common Linux commands Daquan

1,echo "AA" > Test.txt and Echo "BB" >> test.txt//> Empty the original file, and the content is written to the file,>> put the content to the end of the file

2,chmod go+w-r/home/zhangy//Add Write permission to group users and other users

3,TAR-TZVF test.tar.gz//List archived content

4,du-ah//view file list size

5,du-sh//View total size of all files

6,echo ' 1+2′|bc-l//mathematical operations

7,UNAME-A//View some information about the Linux kernel, etc.

8,badblocks-s/DEV/SDA//bad path scan shows progress

9,time command//View the run time of the commands

10,LS-LRT//In reverse order by time

11,rsync-p//Show progress while synchronizing

12.history-c//Clear History command

13,CD-//return to last directory

14,tree//Display directory tree

15,umount-n/mnt/hda2//forced unload

16,echo ~///Display the user's home directory

17,echo $[5*5]//arithmetic operations

18,echo $ ((5*5))//arithmetic operations

19,eval ls;ps aux|grep httpd//These two commands can be executed

20,FREE-M//have MB display memory

21,uptime//Display system has been running for how long, it displays the following information in turn: The current time, how long the system has been running, the current number of users, the system in the past 1 minutes, 5 minutes and 15 minutes of the average load

22, addition operation

[[email protected] mytest]# let a=34+3;

[Email protected] mytest]# echo $a;

23,export//View all environment variables

24,echo $PATH//view a single variable

25,CMP file1 file2//file content comparison

26,clear//Clear screen

27,echo 23423 |awk-re-interval '/[0-9]{3,}/'//If not added Re-interval, do not show

28,cal//Get a neat calendar format

29,wc-l//Count rows, wc-w statistical words

30,echo "Aadcbd23″|tr" [A-Z] "" [A-z] "uppercase to lowercase, echo" aadcbdc23″|tr-c b-d = Replace a string other than b-d =

31,echo "ADSF" | Iconv-f utf8-t GBK//Turn character from UTF8 to gbk-f is from and shorthand,-t like terminal shorthand

32,cat-n File//content is displayed in front of the line number

33,chattr +i File//read-only, root user cannot modify it

34,lsattr File//View files Properties

35,CAT/ETC/PASSWD |awk-f: ' {print $} '//View all users in the system

36,cat/etc/group//View all groups in the system

37,groups//Pre-check the current user's location, all groups

38,USERMOD-G Group name user//This way is covered by the way, use caution if User A is in MySQL usermod-g php mysql such words only

It belongs to PHP,

39,USERMOD-G Group name user//This way is increased by the way that if user A is in MySQL usermod-g php mysql so, MySQL belongs to 2 groups

40,BC//Enter into the mathematical calculation

41,umask 003 U permission is 7,g permission is 7, other user is 4, that is 774,777-003=774

42,MKFS-T VFAT/DEV/HDA6//format a partition in the removable hard drive into VFAT format

43,mount/dev/cdrom/media/cdrom//Mount CDROM

44,getent Group 532//through group ID, to find groups information

45,last//Login Successful user record

46,LASTB//Login unsuccessful user record

47,dump-s/dev/sda2//Check the capacity you want to back up the/dev/sda2

48,dump-0j-f/dev/hda2/sda2_bak.dump.bz2/dev/sda2//sda2 to be backed up and compressed

49,restore-t-f/dev/hda2/sda2_bak.dump//view backup information

50,restore-r-f/dev/hda2/sda2_bak.dump//restore Backup

51,fc-list//viewing fonts installed in the system

52,find./-type f-exec grep-q "root" {} \; -exec echo {} \; Find the string contained in the file under the directory

53,vmstat 5//5 display System Information, CPU,MEMORY,I/O, etc.

54,top after SHIFT + P in the order of the process display

55,top after SHIFT + M in memory-based sort display

56,IPTRAF-G//View traffic for each interface

57,ostat-d-x/dev/sda2 2//Use Iostat to see disk I/O for disk/dev/sda2, refreshed every two seconds

Paste-sd ' | | | \ n ' Test//file is converted to 1 lines per 4 lines, separated by |

59,lsof-i: 22//Know what program is running on Port 22 now

60,LSOF-C ABC//SHOW ABC process now open file

61,lsof-p 12//See which files the process with process number 12 opens

63,route//View routing information

64,ifup//Turn on the network card

65,ifdown//Turn off the network card

66,route del-net 172.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 dev eth0//delete 172.168 this network segment

67,route add-net 172.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0//Add a route

68,NETSTAT-TUNL//List the network service ports that are listening

69,netstat-tun//List Connected Network service ports

70,NMAP-SP 172.30.4.0/24//How many users are operating on my console in this network segment, a good security check tool

71,vgdisplay//viewing available space in the system

72,lvextend-l+20g/dev/tank/part1//Add 20G of space to the Part1 partition

73,lvresize-l-10g/dev/tank/part2//To part2 this partition to reduce the space of 10G

74,pvdisplay//View disk information

75,mplayer-loop 10/mnt/song/music/flowers open. mp3//Cycle 10 times

76,pacman-s firefox-nd//nd Remove Dependency

77,wget-c//Breakpoint Download

78,chroot/mnt/ubuntu//Change root directory to/mnt/ubuntu

79,ctrl+a//Command line, cursor is called to start

80,ctrl+e//command line, cursor movement end

81,cut-d:-F 1-4 Test//used: Split file, take split 1-4 columns

82,file/home/zhangy/test.php//To view some basic information about a file

83,touch test.txt//Create an empty file Text.txt

84,htpasswd-cbd/usr/local/nginx/conf/authfile//Create an Access control file

85,DF//view disk space, and current number of disks

86,fdisk-l//View all disks

87,alsamixer//After entering, the M key can be used for mute

88,killall httpd//Kill all httpd processes

89,killall-9 Mysqld_safe//Some process Superuser also can't stop,-9 is forced to delete

90,mirror/mysql//Download MySQL directory

91,mirror-r/mysql//upload MySQL directory

92,rmmod PCSPKR//Turn off tab beep

93,modprobe PCSPKR//Turn on tab beep

94,gpasswd-a zhangy Wheel//Add zhangy This user to wheel this group

95,dd If=/dev/zero of=/virtual/ubuntu.virt.img bs=1m count=4096//Create an IMG image of 4G

96,lspic//Display PCI device

97,LSUSB//Display USB device

98,history | Less//less root more a little bit like, feel more comfortable point

99,ln-s//If you forget-s becomes a hard link

100,tar zxvf test.tar.gz-c/home/zhangy//extract content to the specified directory

Must learn 100 common Linux commands Daquan