Network Device Interface Type

The Data Interface Types of various switches are the main connection devices of LAN. Ethernet switches have become one of the most popular network devices. At the same time, with this rapid development, the functions of switches are constantly enhanced, the upgrade of the vswitch port and the continuous addition of the connection ports of various special devices to the vswitch also enrich the Interface Types of the vswitch, in order to give everyone a clear understanding of these interfaces, We have specially compiled an article on switch interfaces based on the materials: 1, RJ-45 interface this interface is our most common network equipment interface, commonly known as "crystal head", professional terminology for RJ-45 connector, belongs to the twisted pair Ethernet interface type. The RJ-45 plug can only be inserted along a fixed direction and is equipped with a plastic shrapnel with a RJ-45 slot stuck to prevent shedding.

This interface can be used in 10Base-T Ethernet, 100Base-TX Ethernet, and 1000Base-TX Ethernet. transmission media are all twisted pair wires. However, different bandwidth requirements apply to different media, especially for 1000Base-TX Gigabit Ethernet connections, at least five cat-5e lines should be used, and six cat-5e lines should be used to ensure stability and high speed.

2. SC Optical fiber Interface SC optical fiber interface has been applied in the 100Base-TX Ethernet era. Therefore, 100Base-FXF is short for fiber ), however, at that time, because the performance was not better than that of twisted pair wires, but the cost was relatively high, it was not widely used. Now the industry is vigorously promoting Gigabit Networks, and the SC optical fiber interface has been paid more attention.

Many types of fiber interface, SC Fiber Interface is mainly used for local network switching environment, in some high performance gigabit switch and router provides this interface, it looks very similar to the RJ-45 interface, but SC interface appears more flat, its obvious difference is inside the touch, if it is 8 Fine copper touch, it is RJ-45 interface, if it is a copper column is SC Fiber Interface.

3. FDDI interface FDDI is the highest transmission rate among mature LAN technologies. It has the characteristics of the Timed Token protocol and supports multiple topology structures. The transmission media is optical fiber.

Optical Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is a set of protocols developed by the American Organization for Standardization (ANSI) to send digital signals over optical cables. FDDI uses a double-ring token, and the transmission rate can reach Mbps. CCDI is a variant of FDDI. It uses a twisted pair copper cable as the transmission medium, and the data transmission rate is usually Mbps. FDDI-2 is an extended protocol for FDDI, supporting voice, video and data transmission, is another variant of FDDI, known as FDDI full duplex technology FFDT), it uses the same network structure as FDDI, however, the transmission rate can reach 200 Mbps. because optical fiber is used as the transmission media with many advantages, such as large capacity, long transmission distance, and strong anti-interference ability, it is often used in the backbone network of man, campus environment, and multi-building network distribution environment, therefore, FDDI interfaces are common in backbone network switches. Now, with the popularization of GE, some high-end gigabit switches are also using this interface.

4. The AUI interface is used to connect to the coarse coaxial cable. In the early days, the network adapter had such an interface connected to the hub and switch to form a network, which is generally unavailable now.

The AUI interface is a "D" Type 15-pin interface, used in the ring plate network or bus network, can be used with external transceiver AUI-to-RJ-45 ), connect to the 10Base-T Ethernet.

5. BNC interface BNC is the interface dedicated for connecting to the fine coaxial cable. The fine coaxial cable is what we often call the "fine cable ", its most common application is the split display signal interface, that is, the interface that uses the red, green, blue and horizontal and vertical scanning frequency to separate the input display, and the signal interference between each other is less.

Currently, BNC is basically no longer used in switches, and only a few BNC interfaces are available in some earlier RJ-45 Ethernet switches and hubs.

6. the Console interface can be used to manage the network. Generally, the vswitch has a "Console" port, which is used to configure and manage the vswitch. Connecting to and configuring a vswitch through the Console port is required to configure and manage the vswitch. Because other configurations can be implemented only by IP address, domain name, or device name, the newly purchased switch obviously cannot have these parameters, therefore, the Console port is the most common and basic switch management and Configuration Port.

The Console ports of different types of vswitches are located in different locations, some on the front panel, and some on the back panel. Generally, most modular switches are located on the front panel, while most fixed configuration switches are located on the rear panel. Both the top and the side of the port will have an identifier similar to "CONSOLE.

In addition to different positions, the Console port type is also different, the vast majority of switches are using RJ-45 port, but there are also a few using DB-9 serial port or DB-25 serial port.

Whether the switch uses a DB-9 or a DB-25 serial interface or a RJ-45 interface, a dedicated Console line is required to connect to the serial port of the configuration side computer. The Console line corresponds to the different Console ports of the vswitch. There are also two types of Console lines: one is a serial line, that is, both ends are serial interfaces and both ends are master ports ), the two ends can be inserted into the computer's serial port and the Console port of the switch; the other is the two ends are RJ-45 joint RJ-45 to RJ-45) flat line. Since both ends of the flat line are RJ-45 interfaces, you cannot connect directly to the computer serial port, so you must also use a RJ-45 to DB-9 or RJ-45 to DB-25) of the adapter. Typically, such a Console line and the corresponding DB-9 or DB-25 adapter are randomly presented in the switch box.

7. The CE1/PRI interface CE1/PRI interface can work in two ways: E1 is also called a non-channel chemical method) and CE1/PRI, also known as channel chemical operation ).

When the CE1/PRI interface uses the E1 operating mode, it is equivalent to an interface with no time slot or data bandwidth of 2 Mbps. Its logic is the same as that of synchronous serial ports, supports data link layer protocols such as PPP, frame relay, LAPB, and X.25, and network protocols such as IP and IPX.

When CE1/PRI interfaces work in CE1/PRI mode, it is physically divided into 32 time slots, corresponding to numbers 0 ~ 31. The zero time slot is used to transmit synchronization information. There are two ways to use this interface: CE1 interface and PRI interface.

When the interface is used as the CE1 interface, all the time slots except the zero time slot can be divided into several groups of channel sets. Each group of time slots is bundled and used as an interface, its logic is the same as that of synchronous serial ports. It supports data link layer protocols such as PPP, frame relay, LAPB, and X.25, and network protocols such as IP and IPX.

When the interface is used as the PRI interface, the time slot 16 is used as the D channel to transmit signaling. Therefore, a group of time slots can be randomly selected from the time slots except 0 and 16 time slots as the B channel, they are bundled together with 16 time slots into a pri set and used as an interface. The logic is the same as that of the isdn pri interface. It supports the PPP data link layer protocol and network protocols such as IP and IPX, you can configure DCC and other parameters.

Vro interface 1. vro interface vro has powerful network connection and routing functions. It can be physically connected to a variety of different networks, which determines that the router interface technology is very complex, the more upscale a router has more interface types, because the more network types it can connect. Vro ports include LAN ports, WAN ports, and configuration ports.

1. common Ethernet interfaces of LAN interfaces mainly include AUI, BNC and RJ-45 interfaces, as well as FDDI, ATM, Gigabit Ethernet and so on all have corresponding network interfaces, the following describes the main LAN interfaces.

1 ). AUI port is the interface used to connect to the coarse coaxial cable. It is a "D" Type 15-pin interface, this is one of the most common ports in the ring or bus network. The router can connect to the 10Base-5 network through a coarse coaxial cable transceiver. But more is the use of external transceiver AUI-to-RJ-45), to achieve the connection with the 10Base-T Ethernet. Of course, you can also use other types of transceiver to connect to the 10 base-2) or 10 base-f sub-coaxial cable.

2 ). RJ-45 port RJ-45 port is our most common port, it is our common twisted pair Ethernet port. Because in Fast Ethernet also mainly uses twisted pair as transmission medium, according to the port communication rate of different RJ-45 port can be divided into 10Base-T network RJ-45 port and 100Base-TX network RJ-45 port two types. Among them, the RJ-45 port of the 10Base-T network is usually identified as "ETH" in the router, while the RJ-45 port of the 100Base-TX network is usually identified as "10/100 bTX ".

10Base-T net RJ-45 port and 10/100 Base-TX net RJ-45 port. In fact, the two kinds of RJ-45 port is completely the same as the port itself, but the corresponding network circuit structure in the port is different, so it cannot be casually connected.

3 ). The SC port is also known as the optical fiber port. It is used to connect to the optical fiber. An optical fiber port is usually used to connect to a vswitch with an optical fiber port, instead of directly connecting to a workstation using a optical fiber. Instead, it is connected to a vswitch with a optical fiber port, such as a fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet. This type of port is generally available in high-end routers and is marked with "100b FX.

2. As mentioned above, the WAN interface can not only achieve the connection between the LAN, but also the connection between the LAN and the Wan, and between the WAN. However, because the wide area network is large and the network environment is complex, the speed requirement of the port used by the router to connect to the wide area network is very high. In Ethernet, the speed requirement is generally above Mbps Fast Ethernet. The following describes several common Wan interfaces.

1 ). A RJ-45 port can also be used to establish a connection between a wide area network and a lan vlan Virtual LAN) and to a remote network or the Internet. If you use a router to provide routes for different VLANs, you can directly connect to different VLAN ports using twisted pair wires. But pay attention to here the RJ-45 port connected to the network is generally not very can be 10Base-T this, generally is more than Mbps Fast Ethernet. If you need to connect to a remote network through optical fiber, or connect to other types of ports, you need to use the transceiver to connect to each other.

2 ). The AUI port is a network interface used to connect to the coarse coaxial cable. In fact, the AUI port is also used to connect to the WAN, however, this type of interface is rarely used in the WAN. On a Cisco 2600 series router, two WAN connection ports, AUI and RJ-45, are provided, allowing you to select the appropriate type as needed.

3 ). High-speed synchronous SERIAL port in the WAN connection of the router, the port with the most applications must be regarded as "high-speed synchronous SERIAL port" SERIAL.

This port is mainly used to connect to network connection modes such as DDN, Frame Relay, X.25, and PSTN analog telephone lines. Sometimes DDN or X.25 or other WAN connection technologies are used for leased line connection between enterprise networks. This type of synchronization port generally requires a very high speed, because in general, both ends of the network connected through this port require real-time synchronization.

4 ). Asynchronous Serial Port ASYNC) is mainly used for Modem or Modem pool connections. It is mainly used to enable remote computers to dial in to the network through the public telephone network. Compared with the synchronous port described above, this asynchronous port requires much less speed, because it does not require real-time synchronization between the two ends of the network, but must be continuous, this is mainly because the communication speed of this interface is low.

5 ). The connection speed of the isdn bri port is unique because of the speed of the Internet access method. At that time, when ISDN was just emerging, it was fully applied to the Internet connection mode. The isdn bri port is used to connect an ISDN line to the Internet or other remote networks through a router, achieving a communication rate of kbps. ISDN has two rate connection ports, one is the basic rate interface of isdn bri) and the other is the basic group Rate Interface of isdn pri ). The isdn bri port is a RJ-45 standard and is connected to the ISDN NT1 using a RJ-45-to-RJ-45 Express Line.

3. the router configuration interface vro has two configuration ports: "Console" and "AUX". "Console" is usually used for basic router configuration through a dedicated connection with the computer, "AUX" is used for vro remote configuration and connection.

1. the Console port uses a dedicated connection to directly connect to the serial port of the computer, and uses the terminal simulation program, such as the "Super Terminal" in Windows, to configure the local router. The Console port on the router is mostly a RJ-45 port.

2. The AUX port is an asynchronous port. It is mainly used for remote configuration, number pulling, and MODEM connection. The AUX port and Console port are usually provided at the same time because they are used differently.