Network protocols X-File ICMP, IGMP, and RIP

ICMP protocol

(Internet Control Message ProtocolInternet Message Protocol). ICMP is a subprotocol In the TCP/IP protocol set and belongs to the network layer protocol, it is mainly used to transmit control information between the host and the router, including reporting errors, switching restricted control and status information. When the IP data cannot be accessed to the target, or the IP router cannot forward data packets at the current transmission rate, the ICMP message is automatically sent. We can send ICMP response request messages through the Ping command and record the ICMP response reply messages. These messages provide reference for network or host faults.

Application: to use this protocol, we can set ICMP accordingly. For example, in Windows XP, first open "network connection" and Right-click Enable "network connection" of the Internet Connection Firewall ", select properties to open the Properties window. Next, select the "advanced" tab and click "set" in the lower right corner. Then, select the "ICMP" tab in the advanced settings window. You can set the tab, including allow incoming echo requests.

IGMP Protocol

(Internet Group Management ProtocolInternet Group Management Protocol). This protocol runs between the host and the multicast router directly connected to the host. It is a protocol used by the IP host to report the identities of multicast Group members. Through the IGMP protocol, on the one hand, you can use the IGMP protocol host to notify the local router to join and receive information about a specific multicast group. On the other hand, the router periodically queries whether a member of a known group in the LAN is active through the IGMP protocol.

Application: the main function of IGMP protocol is to solve the problem of bandwidth usage during network broadcast. In the network, when broadcast information is sent to all clients, the switch that supports IGMP will send the broadcast information to all clients without filtering. However, this information only needs to be transmitted to a client in the way of multicast.

RIP Protocol

(Routing Information Protocol), which was launched by Xerox in 1980s and is mainly applicable to small-scale network environments. The RIP protocol is used to transmit route information in an AS autonomous system. Route information is updated every 30 seconds. The RIP Protocol provides hop count to measure the route distance, the hop count is the number of routers required for a packet to reach the target. The maximum number of hops supported by RIP is 15.

Application: in Windows, we can enable the "RIP listener" function to listen to RIP messages, so that the computer can understand other routes and then add their IP addresses to the routing table. Take Windows XP as an example. You can enable the "RIP listener" function as follows: First, open "Control Panel" and double-click "add or delete program ". Next, click "add or delete Windows components", click "network service", and then click "details ". Select the "RIP listener" check box and click "OK" to install the component.

The introduction of ICMP, IGMP and RIP protocols is so much. For more information about the protocols, see: http://network.51cto.com/col/551/.